Pioneer 1, recorded a decrease in flux with distance from the Earth on the basis of 11 counts in 9 hours.

The four most distant spacecraft ( Pioneer 10, Pioneer 11, Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 ) are on course to leave the Solar System.

* 1958 – Pioneer program: NASA launches the lunar probe Pioneer 1 ( the probe falls back to Earth and burns up ).

* Pioneer 0 ( Thor-Able 1, Pioneer ) – Lunar orbiter, destroyed ( Thor failure 77 seconds after launch ) August 17, 1958

Pioneer 7 and Pioneer 8 are in solar orbits with 1. 1 AUs distance to the Sun.

* Pioneer Venus Orbiter ( Pioneer Venus 1, Pioneer 12 ) – launched December 1978

Sedna's orbit ( left ) is longer than 100 Tm, but other lengths are between 10 and 100 Tm: Comet Hale-Bopp's orbit ( lower, faint orange ); one light-day ( yellow spherical shell with yellow Vernal point arrow as radius ); the heliosphere's Heliosphere # Termination shock | termination shock ( blue shell ); and other arrows show positions of Voyager 1 ( red ) and Pioneer 10 ( green ).

Only a handful of interstellar probes, such as Pioneer 10 and 11, Voyager 1 and 2, and New Horizons, are currently on trajectories that leave our Solar System.

Pioneer pastoralists, often men with experience as squatters in Australia, leased lands from the government at the annual rate of £ 5 plus £ 1 for each 1, 000 sheep above the first 5, 000.

During the 1990s, Voyager 1 overtook the slower deep-space probes Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 to become the most distant manmade object from Earth, a record that it will keep for the foreseeable future.

Voyager 1 and Pioneer 10 are the most widely separated manmade objects anywhere, since they are traveling in roughly opposite directions from the Solar System.

Following a private service, a public memorial was held on June 1, in Pioneer Park, in Nevada City.

Several spacecraft ( Mariner 10, Pioneer 11, and Voyagers 1 and 2 ) had performed gravity assist manoeuvres in the 1970s.

* 1958 – Pioneer 0, America's first attempt at lunar orbit, is launched using the first Thor-Able rocket and fails.

* Pioneer 2 ( Thor-Able 3, Pioneer II ) – Lunar orbiter, reentry ( third stage failure ) November 8, 1958

* Pioneer 5 ( Pioneer P-2, Thor-Able 4, Pioneer V ) – interplanetary space between Earth and Venus, launched March 11, 1960

Pioneer 0 ( also known as Thor-Able 1 ) was a failed United States space probe that was designed to go into orbit around the Moon, carrying a television camera, a micrometeorite detector and a magnetometer, as part of the first International Geophysical Year ( IGY ) science payload.

WFGA-TV was the first television station to air a live launch from Cape Canaveral on October 11, 1958 – a Thor-Able ’ s successful launch of the Pioneer I lunar probe.

Pioneer 2

* Pioneer Venus Multiprobe ( Pioneer Venus 2, Pioneer 13 ) – launched August 1978

* 13. 5 Tm — 90. 2 AU — Distance to Pioneer 10 in March 2006

* Pioneer 10 at 89. 7 AU as of 2005, traveling outward at about 2. 6 AU / year

The magnetometer detected a persistent interplanetary magnetic field varying between 2 γ and 10 γ, which agrees with prior Pioneer 5 observations from 1960.

Pioneer Venus 2 or Pioneer Venus Multiprobe sent four small probes into the Venusian atmosphere.

The Pioneer Venus Multiprobe or Pioneer Venus 2 comprised a bus which carried one large and three small atmospheric probes.

* Pioneer Venus 2 – 8 August 1978 – Venus atmospheric probes

Pioneer 2 was the last of the three project Able space probes designed to probe lunar and cislunar space.

Shortly after launch at 07: 30: 00 UTC on November 8, 1958, the third stage of the launch vehicle separated but failed to ignite, and Pioneer 2 did not achieve its intended lunar orbit.

Pioneer 2 was nearly identical to Pioneer 1.

* NSSDC Master Catalog: Spacecraft Pioneer 2

Unlike most other Division I FCS conferences, the Pioneer League consists of institutions that choose not to award athletic scholarships (" grants-in-aid ") to football players.

Starting with the 2013 season the Pioneer Football League will now have an automatic bid into the FCS division I playoffs.

In the many discussions that I held with such officials up to the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the President's Science Adviser, not one Victorian demurrer was ever voiced ; and a great deal of helpful encouragement was given ... The idea of government censorship of the Pioneer 10 plaque is now so well documented and firmly entrenched that no statement from the designers of the plaque to the contrary can play any role in influencing the prevailing opinion.

Warren Zevon's song " Carmelita " refers to Pioneer Chicken: " I pawned my Smith Corona / And I went to meet my man / He hangs out down on Alvarado Street / By the Pioneer chicken stand "

In a 2003 interview with the Saint Paul Pioneer Press he said, " I remind people I want to be known as a liberal Republican.

* Max Mathews, Computer Music Pioneer, R. I. P.

The MVC has not sponsored football since 1985, when it was classified as a I-A ( now FBS ) conference, but five members have football programs in the Missouri Valley Football Conference ( known as the Gateway from 1985 – 2008 ) of Division I FCS ( formerly I-AA ), and a sixth competes in another FCS conference, the Pioneer Football League.

Born in Berlin in 1894, the son of an elementary school teacher, Nebe volunteered for military service in the 17th Pioneer Battalion during World War I, where he was wounded twice by gas.

Science writer Morton Hunt received Pioneer funding for his book and wrote: " One could spend hundreds of pages on the pros and cons of the case of the Pioneer Fund, but what matters to me — and should matter to my readers — is that I have been totally free to research and write as I chose.

I alerted Pioneer to my political views when making the grant proposal for this book but its directors never blinked.

In a review of Richard Lynn's book on the Pioneer Fund, psychologist Ulrich Neisser, a prominent critic of race-based research, writes: " All things considered, I doubt that the Pioneer Fund's political activities have made much difference one way or the other.

The JU sports teams participate in NCAA Division I in the Atlantic Sun Conference, except for football, in which its team competes in the Division I FCS Pioneer Football League, and rowing, which competes exclusively in NCAA Division I competitions across the country.