Following the advice of economic advisors who cautioned Armenia's leadership against the consolidation of economic power in the hands of a few, in January 2001, the Government of Armenia established the State Commission for the Protection of Economic Competition.

In 2001, Bt176 varieties were voluntarily withdrawn from the list of approved varieties by the United States Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ) when it was found to have little or no Bt expression in the ears and was not found to be effective against second generation corn borers.

Protection of individuals against wrongs normally meant protection of private property and enforcement of contracts and the suppression of trade unions and the Chartist movement.

Through the utilization of the National Practitioner Data Bank, Healthcare Integrity Protection Databank, Federation of State Medical Boards Disciplinary Report, and American Medical Association Physician Profile Service, the 67 State Medical Boards ( MD / DO ) continually self-report any Adverse / Disciplinary Actions taken against a licensed Physician in order that the other Medical Boards in which the Physician holds or is applying for a Medical License will be properly notified so that corrective, reciprocal action can be taken against the offending physician.

Data privacy was first addressed with the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act, and provincial-level legislation also exists to account for more specific cases personal privacy protection against commercial organizations.

Bryce Courtenay's novel Jessica tells in the history a case brought in a New South Wales court against the Aboriginal Protection Board challenging the Aboriginal Protection Act of 1909 in order to return two children from Cootamundra Girls Home for Aboriginal children to the aboriginal mother.

In his 1991 State of the Union Address George H. W. Bush shifted the focus of SDI from defense of North America against large scale strikes to a system focusing on theater missile defense called Global Protection Against Limited Strikes ( GPALS ).

In the decades following the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment, the Supreme Court overturned laws barring blacks from juries ( Strauder v. West Virginia, 1880 ) or discriminating against Chinese Americans in the regulation of laundry businesses ( Yick Wo v. Hopkins, 1886 ), as violations of the Equal Protection Clause.

In 1877 he founded the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings ( SPAB, sometimes also known as " Anti-Scrape "), which sprang into being as a practical protest against a scheme for restoring and reviving Tewkesbury Abbey.

Investigation of retaliation against whistleblowers under 20 federal statutes falls under the jurisdiction of the Office of the Whistleblower Protection Program of the United States Department of Labor's Occupational Safety and Health Administration ( OSHA ).

* Protection against small micrometeoroids, some traveling at up to 27, 000 kilometers per hour, provided by a puncture-resistant Thermal Micrometeoroid Garment, which is the outermost layer of the suit.

Crawfurd, in alliance with Hunt, took over the presidency of the Ethnological Society of London, which was an offshoot of the Aborigines ' Protection Society, founded with the mission to defend indigenous peoples against slavery and colonial exploitation.

This practice is common in other countries as well: in the United States, criminals testifying against their former associates can enter the Witness Protection Program, and be given new identities, with supporting paperwork.

Protection against soil loss is maximized with rotation methods that leave the greatest mass of crop stubble ( plant residue left after harvest ) on top of the soil.

Article 49 of the PRC Law on Protection of Consumer's Rights and Interests enacted on October 31, 1993 provides the rule that any consumer is entitled to a recovery of double the purchase price of products or service from the seller or service provider against their defraud.

* The Eviction Protection Law ( 1971 ) which established tenant protection against rent rises and notice.

The Employment Protection Act of 1975 set up the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Services ( ACAS ) to arbitrate in industrial disputes, enlarged the rights of employees and trade unions, extended the redundancy payments scheme, and provided redress against unfair dismissal.

In Saint Louis, Missouri the federal Environmental Protection Agency filed charges against Bunge company regarding pollution emissions.

* Protection against self-incrimination: Article 38 provides that no one may be compelled to testify against themselves, that confessions obtained under duress are not admissible and that no one may be convicted solely on the basis of their own confession.

** Protection against entries, search and seizures ( Article 35 )

* Proposal for a Privacy Protection Guideline on Secret Personal Data Gathering and Transborder Flows of Such Data in the Fight against Terrorism and Serious Crime by Marcel Stuessi

Federal employees could benefit from the Whistleblower Protection Act, and the No-FEAR Act ( which made individual agencies directly responsible for the economic sanctions of unlawful retaliation ).

Noting that such a policy likely constituted unlawful discrimination in violation of the Equal Protection Clause, federal district court judge John Michael Seabright issued a preliminary injunction against the implementation of the substituted health care plan.

5767, the Payment Systems Protection Act ( a bill that sought to place a moratorium on enforcement of the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act while the U. S. Treasury Department and the Federal Reserve defined " unlawful Internet gambling ").

5767, the Payment Systems Protection Act ( a bill that sought to place a moratorium on enforcement of the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act while the U. S. Treasury Department and the Federal Reserve defined " unlawful Internet gambling ").

5767, the Payment Systems Protection Act ( a bill that sought to place a moratorium on enforcement of the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act while the U. S. Treasury Department and the Federal Reserve defined " unlawful Internet gambling ").

5767, the Payment Systems Protection Act ( a bill that sought to place a moratorium on enforcement of the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act while the U. S. Treasury Department and the Federal Reserve defined " unlawful Internet gambling ").

This meant that his actions were not unlawful because the word dishonour in the Flags, Emblems and Names Protection Act had many shades of meaning, and when the least restrictive meaning of that word was adopted Hopkinson's actions did not meet that standard.

5767, the Payment Systems Protection Act ( a bill that sought to place a moratorium on enforcement of the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act while the U. S. Treasury Department and the Federal Reserve defined " unlawful Internet gambling ").

5767, the Payment Systems Protection Act ( a bill that sought to place a moratorium on enforcement of the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act while the U. S. Treasury Department and the Federal Reserve defined " unlawful Internet gambling ").

Noting that such a policy likely constituted unlawful discrimination in violation of the Equal Protection Clause, federal district court judge John Michael Seabright issued a preliminary injunction against the implementation of Basic Health Hawaii.

5767, the Payment Systems Protection Act ( a bill that sought to place a moratorium on enforcement of the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act while the U. S. Treasury Department and the Federal Reserve defined " unlawful Internet gambling ").

5767, the Payment Systems Protection Act ( a bill that sought to place a moratorium on enforcement of the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act while the U. S. Treasury Department and the Federal Reserve defined " unlawful Internet gambling ").

Penalties for misuse of the PNC and unlawful access of data are severe ; it will likely lead to dismissal and sometimes a court appearance for breaching the Data Protection Act 1998.

Some countries who emphasize this method include the United States, with the U. S. Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 affirming " victims of severe forms of trafficking should not be inappropriately incarcerated, fined, or otherwise penalized solely for unlawful acts committed as a direct result of being trafficked .”

Officers who hold the following titles within CBSA have the authority and powers of a peace officer-including those set out in section 487 to 492. 2 of the Criminal Code-to enforce the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, including any of its provisions with respect to the arrest, detention or removal from Canada of any person:

The Temporary Protection Visa ( TPV ) was issued to persons who applied for refugee status after making an unauthorised arrival in Australia, and was the main type of visa issued to refugees when released from Australian immigration detention facilities.

This legislation was closely modelled on a law passed in Victoria, the Community Protection Act 1990 ( Vic ), which was enacted to authorise ' preventive detention ' for Garry David.

Protection is also prescribed in the United Nations ' Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 17, and in the European Convention on Human Rights ( ECHR ), Protocol 1.

* Article 11 creates a Committee for Environmental Protection for the continent.

According to Article 77. 2 of the Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts, adopted in 1977:

Article 4. 3. c of Protocol II, additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts, adopted in 1977, states " children who have not attained the age of fifteen years shall neither be recruited in the armed forces or groups nor allowed to take part in hostilities ".

More recently the 1977 Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts, referred in Article 1.

Under Article 47 of Protocol I ( Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts ) it is stated in the first sentence " A mercenary shall not have the right to be a combatant or a prisoner of war.

Norris then took a case in 1983 to the European Court of Human Rights claiming that the Irish laws breached the state's obligations under Article 8 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, regarding respect for private life ( Norris v. Ireland ).

The three-step test was first established in relation to the exclusive right of reproduction under Article 9 ( 2 ) of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works in 1967.

The Directive's Article 29 created the " Working party on the Protection of Individuals with regard to the Processing of Personal Data ," commonly known as the " Article 29 Working Party ".

* National Fire Protection Code, Article 72

More recently the 1977 Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts, which applies in situations Article 1.

* 8: relating to Article 6 ( 2 ) of the Treaty on European Union on the accession of the Union to the European Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms

Therefore, “ for the Protection of its special interests … in the free water of the Persian Gulf and on the borders belonging to the independent Shaykhs from the south of al-Qatar up to the Indian Ocean ,” the British were able to continue exercising, as in the past, the following measures ( Article 16 ):

The " Paris Convention priority right ", also called " Convention priority right " or " Union priority right ", is a " priority right " under a multilateral arrangement, defined by Article 4 of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property of 1883.

" ( Article 8 of the FCTC ) The parties to the FCTC have further adopted Guidelines on the Protection from Exposure to Second-hand Smoke which state that " effective measures to provide protection from exposure to tobacco smoke ... require the total elimination of smoking and tobacco smoke in a particular space or environment in order to create a 100 % smoke-free environment.

Official texts, as defined in Article 2 ( 4 ) of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, are texts of a legislative, administrative and legal nature and the official translations of such texts.

Further Swiss legislation demands a stop of road building in the Alps and a shift in transportation policy ( Article on the Protection of the Alps, adopted 1994 ), the transfer of as many goods as possible from transalpine transport by road to transport by train and the setting of a Transfer Goal, a maximum number of trucks to cross the Alps by road ( Traffic Transfer Act, adopted 1999 ).

In its report Protection of Children Against Abuse Through New Technologies, the Council of Europe Cybercrime Convention Committee addressed the emerging issues of violence against children through the use of new technologies ( the issue of child pornography on the Internet is already covered by Article 9 Convention ) with particular reference to grooming both through the internet and by mobile telephones.

Article 11bis ( 2 ) and Article 13 ( 1 ) of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works provide the legal basis for compulsory licensing at international level.