* 2012 – A plane crash kills 32 people in Sudan.

HH Abbas II Hilmi Bey ( also known as Abbas Hilmi Pasha ) () ( 14 July 1874 – 19 December 1944 ) was the last Khedive of Egypt and Sudan ( 8 January 1892 – 19 December 1914 ).

), or when one allied country is in war with another ( as is Chad – Sudan ).

* 2005 – The civil war in Chad begins when rebel groups, allegedly backed by neighbouring Sudan, launch an attack in Adré.

* 2005 – Chad – Sudan relations: Chad declares a state of war against Sudan following a December 18 attack on Adré, which left about 100 people dead.

Beatty gained recognition in the campaign for the recapture of the Sudan ( 1897 – 1899 ) commanded by Lord Kitchener.

, Ethiopia uses the ports of Djibouti, connected to Addis Ababa by the Addis Ababa – Djibouti Railway, and to a lesser extent Port Sudan in Sudan.

Around 85 percent of women experience Types I and II, and 15 percent Type III, though Martha Nussbaum writes that Type III nevertheless accounts for 80 – 90 percent of all such procedures in countries such as Sudan, Somalia, and Dijbouti.

The WHO estimated that an additional 10 – 20 babies die per 1, 000 deliveries as a result of FGM ; the estimate was based on a 2006 study conducted on 28, 393 women attending delivery wards at 28 obstetric centers in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Senegal and Sudan.

In the 1960s and 1970s, Rahman and Nahid Toubia write, doctors in Sudan, Somalia, and Nigeria began to speak out about the health consequences of FGM, and opposition gathered pace during the United Nations Decade for Women ( 1975 – 1985 ).

Over the next few days the armies of Egypt, Trans-Jordan, Iraq, Libya, Sudan, Lebanon, and Syria invaded Israel, and officially and militarily threatened to occupy the whole of the former Mandate territory, thereby starting the 1948 Arab – Israeli War, known in Israel as the War of Independence (, Milhamat HaAtzma ' ut ).

** UNAMID, from 2008 ( Sudan ) – 1 officer out of 19, 000 soldiers from 53 countries

* 1881 – In Sudan, Muhammad Ahmad declares himself to be the Mahdi, the messianic redeemer of Islam.

* 2011 – South Sudan gains independence and secedes from Sudan.

* 1885 – A British force defeats a large Dervish army at the Battle of Abu Klea in the Sudan.

* 1899 – Anglo-Egyptian Sudan is formed.

The Anza trough is a NW – SE trending Jurassic rift extending from the Indian Ocean coast to the Sudan northwest of Lake Turkana.

* 1973 – Black September storms the Saudi embassy in Khartoum, Sudan, resulting in the assassination of three Western hostages.

* 2006 – The government of Sudan signs an accord with the Sudan Liberation Army.

Wek is a member of the U. S. Committee for Refugees ' Advisory Council and is helping to raise awareness about the situation in Sudan, as well as the plight of refugees worldwide.

Refugees from Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, the DRC, and several other surrounding countries can be found in Kakuma.

Denim Air mainly targeted African, Asian and other willing markets, operating for United Nation High Commissioner for Refugees in Sudan and Central Africa, for the Norwegian Army in Afghanistan, for Veba Oil in Libya.

Earlier this month Sudan and Eritrea agreed to abolish entry visa requirements, opening their common borders for free movement of both nationals.

However the start of the Eritrean-Ethiopian War led to Sudan and Ethiopia put this conflict between them and normalizing their relations by November 1999 when president Omar Hassan al-Bashir made a formal visit to Addis Ababa.

* Barkindo, Bawuro: " The early states of the Central Sudan: Kanem, Borno and some of their neighbours to c. 1500 AD.

She traveled many times to Africa to photograph the Nuba tribes in Sudan, with whom she sporadically lived, learning about their culture so she could photograph them more easily.

From the 8th through the 15th century, black kingdoms of the western Sudan, such as Ghana, Mali, and Songhai, brought their political culture from the south.

At the end of the month, the two sides signed an accord in Khartoum, Sudan, agreeing to withdraw their troops from the border, cease hostile propaganda, and start peace negotiations.

However the start of the Eritrean-Ethiopian War led to Sudan and Ethiopia put this conflict between them and normalizing their relations by November 1999 when president Omar Hassan al-Bashir made a formal visit to Addis Ababa.

Gordon Brown said in response " The humanitarian agencies that are working in Sudan should be allowed to stay there and continue their work.

Muslim states with blended sources of law: Muslim countries including Pakistan, Indonesia, Afghanistan, Egypt, Sudan and Morocco have legal systems strongly influenced by sharia, but also cede ultimate authority to their constitutions and the rule of law.

The az-zaġāyah spread far into sub-saharan Africa as well as India, although these places already had their own variants of the spear as well. It was the weapon of choice during the Fulani jihad as well as during the Mahdist War in Sudan.

** Egypt, Libya and Sudan announce their intentions to form a federation.

* The Funj warrior aristocracy deposes the reigning mek and places one of their own ranks on the throne of Sennar ( History of Sudan ).

Human Rights Watch has in their report also put a large portion of the blame of what happened in Block 5A in Sudan on Lundin Oil saying that " no war-related displacement at all took place there until 1998 year when Lundin Oil established themselves in Sudan ".

In its 2000 annual report on international religious freedom, the U. S. State Department cited China, Myanmar, Iran, Iraq and Sudan for persecuting people for their religious faith and practices.

Janjaweed militias use technicals on their raids against civilian villages in Darfur, Sudan, as do the Sudan Liberation Army ( SLA ) and Justice and Equality Movement ( JEM ) rebel troops in defense of their areas of operations.

Nilotes form the majority of the population in South Sudan, an area that is believed to be their original point of dispersal.

The Luo moved to nearly all the countries neighbouring Sudan, resulting in many separate groups with variation in language and tradition as each group moved further away from their kin.

Some evidence suggested that individuals who actively participated in the Iraqi insurgency have returned to Sudan, and may be in a position to use their expertise to conduct attacks within Sudan or to pass on their knowledge.

* 1997 – The United States of America imposes economic sanctions against Sudan in response to its human rights abuses of its own citizens and its material and political assistance to Islamic extremist groups across the Middle East and Eastern Africa.

At first listen, Somali music might be mistaken for the sounds of nearby regions such as Ethiopia, Sudan or Arabia, but it is ultimately recognizable by its own unique tunes and styles.

I was referring in my interview to a tiny minority who preach violent jihad, who incite hatred and violence against ' infidels ', apostates, Jews and homosexuals ; who in their speeches and on their websites speak passionately against free thought, pluralism, democracy, unveiled women ; who will tolerate no other interpretation of Islam but their own and have vilified Sufism and other strands of Islam as apostasy ; who have murdered, among others, fellow Muslims by the thousands in the market places of Iraq, Algeria and in the Sudan.

" Their junior officers were trained at the Officer Training Corps set up at the universities and large public schools such as Eton and Harrow and Kitchener sent these forces to the peripheral campaigns ; to the Sudan, Mesopotamia, Egypt, to the Caucasus to release Regular British Army soldiers for duty on the Western Front because he thought these amateur soldiers ' might not be able to hold their own with the German Army.

It has been suggested that this was to symbolise the victory of his armies in three continents ( Africa, Asia, and Europe ), and his own sovereignty over Egypt, Sudan, and Hejaz.

He travels on his own to Egypt and Sudan, where in 1882 Muhammad Ahmed proclaimed himself the Mahdi ( Guided One ) and raised a Holy War.

Though Egypt and Sudan had its own sultan, parliament, and armed forces, it had effectively been under British rule for the duration of the occupation.

During that period the world Jewry heard for the first time the stories of Eldad ha-Dani who either visited the kingdom or heard many accounts of it in his own Jewish kingdom of pastoralists, which may have been located in the Sudan ( since he speaks of the Mosaic kingdom lying on " the other side of the rivers of Ethiopia " in remote mountains ) or in Somalia.

Although his imprisonment and the quarrels within his own party had for a time undermined al-Azhari's power and prestige, he was able to reunite his followers under the banner of the National Unionist Party ( NUP ) in time to campaign vigorously for the combined parliament and constitutional assembly which was to rule the Sudan for the next 2 years.

Long after the end of Egypt's own pyramid-building period, a burst of pyramid-building occurred in what is present-day Sudan, after much of Egypt came under the rule of the Kings of Napata.

At first listen, Somali music might be mistaken for the sounds of nearby regions such as Ethiopia, Sudan or the Arabian Peninsula, but it is ultimately recognizable by its own unique tunes and styles.

From 1882 onwards, Egypt's status became deeply convoluted: officially a province of the Ottoman Empire, semi-officially a virtually independent state with its own monarchy, armed forces, and territorial possessions in Sudan, and for practical purposes a British puppet.

On 2 September 1898, at the Battle of Omdurman, Sudan, when a major of the 21st Lancers was in danger, as his horse had been shot in the charge, Captain Kenna took the major up on his own horse, to a place of safety.

* In 2006, banned investment of its funds in nine companies that do business in Sudan until the government of that country halts ongoing genocide ; however, that decision was described as " a largely symbolic gesture " because CalPERS " did not own a stake in any of the nine ".

At first listen, Somali music might be mistaken for the sounds of nearby regions such as Ethiopia, Sudan or Arabia, but it is ultimately recognizable by its own unique tunes and styles.

In addition to the ICT centre, the Faculty of Mathematical Sciences has its own Information Technology research unit which is active in developing and promoting Open Source software in Sudan.

At the side of this large basin-tank, there was the Italian Civil Hospital, built in the 1920s, which for many years, has served the whole area near Tesseney, as far as the villages of Haikota, Gallug, Ali-Ghider, Talatahasher, Sabderat ( villages bordering the Sudan ), Sittimò, Aad Elit ( village populated by about 1, 000 individuals who speak a language all their own.

After Sudan achieved independence in 1956, Egypt decided to control the flow of Nile water that reached its own territory by building a dam and creating a reservoir — the Aswan Dam and Nasser Lake.

Local Dear Sudan campaigns adapt the original Dear Sudan letter for their own communities:

When Sudan drafted its own civil code in 1970, it was in large part copied from the Egyptian Civil Code with slight modifications.

On 10 February 1993, facing all risks, surrounded by an immense crowd in the huge Green Square of the capital of Sudan, he solemnly honoured Bakhita on her own soil.