After four centuries of urban life, this abrupt climatic change evidently caused abandonment of Tell Leilan, regional desertion, and collapse of the Akkadian empire based in southern Mesopotamia.

Evidence from Tell Leilan in Northern Mesopotamia shows what may have happened.

But now the evidence of Tell Leilan, and recent findings of elevated dust deposits in sea-cores collected off Oman, that date to the period of Akkad's collapse suggest that this climate change may have played a role.

Shubat-Enlil ( modern Tell Leilan ), the capital of this Old Assyrian kingdom, was founded some distance from Urkesh at another Hurrian settlement in the Khabur River valley.

Important sites that have been excavated include Tell Halaf, Tell Brak, Tell Leilan, Tell Mashnaqa, Tell Mozan and Tell Barri.

Contemporary archives have been found, among others, in Tell Leilan in the Upper Khabur area and Tell Shemshara in the Zagros Mountains.

The modern name of the site is Tell Leilan.

Tell Leilan is an archaeological site situated near the Wadi Jarrah in the Khabur River basin in Al-Hasakah Governorate, northeastern Syria.

A 3-foot layer of sediment at Tell Leilan containing no evidence of human habitation offered clues as to the cause of the demise of the Akkadian imperialized city ; analysis indicated that at around 2200 BC, a three-century drought was severe enough to affect agriculture and settlement.

The conquest of the region by Shamshi-Adad I ( 1813 – 1781 BC ) revived the abandoned site of Tell Leilan.

View of Tell Leilan

The mound of Tell Leilan is being excavated by a team of archaeologists from Yale University.

Among many important discoveries at Tell Leilan is an archive of 1100 cuneiform clay tablets maintained by the rulers of the city.

Finds from the excavations at Tell Leilan are on display in the Deir ez-Zor Museum.

* Weiss, Harvey, Francesca deLillis, Dominique deMoulins, Jesper Eidem, Thomas Guilderson, Ulla Kasten, Torben Larsen, Lucia Mori, Lauren Ristvet, Elena Rova, and Wilma Wetterstrom, 2002, Revising the contours of history at Tell Leilan.

* Tell Leilan project

ca: Tell Leilan

fr: Tell Leilan

While accompanying Mallowan on countless archaeological trips ( spending up to 3 – 4 months at a time in Syria and Iraq at excavation sites at Ur, Ninevah, Tell Arpachiyah, Chagar Bazar, Tell Brak, and Nimrud ), Christie not only wrote novels and short stories, but also contributed work to the archaeological sites, more specifically to the archaeological restoration and labeling of ancient exhibits which includes tasks such as cleaning and conserving delicate ivory pieces, reconstructing pottery, developing photos from early excavations which later led to taking photographs of the site and its findings, and taking field notes.

" Mount " Megiddo is a Tell on which ancient forts were built to guard the main highway, the Via Maris, which connected Ancient Egypt with Mesopotamia.

The ancient Ur of Sumer, in present day Tell el-Mukayyar in Iraq is one of the world's earliest сities.

)</ ref > Akkadian: Uru ) was an important Sumerian city-state in ancient Mesopotamia located at the site of modern Tell el-Muqayyar in Iraq's Dhi Qar Governorate.

The first mention of this metropolis is found in the ancient Egyptian Tell el Amarna letters, dating from the 15th century BC.

* Tell Mozan ( ancient Urkesh )

* Tell Brak ( ancient Nagar )

* Tell Barri ( ancient Kahat )

* Tell Beydar ( ancient Nabada )

* Tell el Fakhariya / Ras el Ayn ( ancient Washukanni?

* Tell Hamidiya ( ancient Taidu?

The Arabic Tell el-Semak ( or Tell es-Samak, meaning " mound of the fish ") preserved and transformed this ancient name, with locals using it to refer to a coastal tell at the foot of the Carmel Mountains that contains its remains.

* Minoan frescoes from Tell el-Daba, ancient Egyptian frescos in Minoan style

Sippar ( Sumerian: Zimbir ) was an ancient Near Eastern city on the east bank of the Euphrates river, located at the site of modern Tell Abu Habbah in Iraq's Babil Governorate, some 60 km north of Babylon and 30 km southeast of Baghdad.

Buto (,, Butu ), Butus (, Boutos ), or Butosus, now Tell al-Fara ' in ( Pharaohs ' Mound ) near the city of Desouk (), was an ancient city located 95 km east of Alexandria in the Nile Delta of Egypt.

He was worshipped by the early Amorites and by the inhabitants of the cities of Ebla ( modern Tell Mardikh, Syria ) and Ugarit ( modern Ras Shamra, Syria ) ( which was an ancient city near the Mediterranean containing a large variety of ancient writings and pre-Judeo-Christian shrines ).

Kish ( Sumerian: Kiš ; transliteration: Kiŝ < sup > ki </ sup >; cuneiform: ; Akkadian: kiššatu ) is modern Tell al-Uhaymir ( Babil Governorate, Iraq ), and was an ancient city of Sumer.

Lachish (; ; ) was an ancient Near East town located at the site of modern Tell ed-Duweir in the Shephelah, a region between Mount Hebron and the maritime plain of Philistia ( Joshua 10: 3, 5 ; 12: 11 ).

Though the present archaeological site covered by mudbrick ruins is vast, the site of Samarra was only lightly occupied in ancient times, apart from the Chalcolithic Samarran Culture ( ca 5500 – 4800 BC ) identified at the rich site of Tell Sawwan, where evidence of irrigation — including flax — establishes the presence of a prosperous settled culture with a highly organized social structure.

A pentagram in this form is found on the ancient synagogue at Tell Hum.

He makes use of the archaeological reports from Tell ed-Daba ( ancient Avaris ), in the Egyptian eastern delta, which show that a large Semitic-speaking population lived there during the 13th Dynasty.

He renamed it from Shehna to Shubat-Enlil, or Šubat-Enlil, meaning " the residence of the god Enlil " in the Akkadian language.