* Terzanelle in Thunderweather by Lewis Turco, with a further explanation of the form

The villanelle is a nineteen-line poem made up of five triplets with a closing quatrain ; the poem is characterized by having two refrains, initially used in the first and third lines of the first stanza, and then alternately used at the close of each subsequent stanza until the final quatrain, which is concluded by the two refrains.

Many published works mistakenly claim that the strict modern form of the villanelle originated with the medieval troubadours, but in fact medieval and Renaissance villanelles were simple ballad-like songs with no fixed form or length.

The French word villanelle comes from the Italian word villanella, which derives from the Latin villa ( house ) and villano ( farmhand ); to any poet before the mid-19th century, the word villanelle or villanella would have simply meant country song, with no particular form implied.

Edmund Gosse, influenced by Théodore de Banville, was the first English writer to praise the villanelle and bring it into fashion with his 1877 essay " A Plea for Certain Exotic Forms of Verse ".

Most modernists disdained the villanelle, which became associated with the overwrought formal aestheticism of the 1890s ; i. e. the decadent movement in England.

The villanelle reached an unprecedented level of popularity in the 1980s and 1990s with the rise of the New Formalism.

* The villanelle supposedly written by Stephen Dedalus, protagonist in Joyce's novel " Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man ", beginning with the line: " Are you not weary of ardent ways ..."

In music, a villanella ( plural villanelle — not to be confused with the French poetic form villanelle ) is a form of light Italian secular vocal music which originated in Italy just before the middle of the 16th century.

A good example of the light and dainty verse in which Desportes excelled is furnished by the well-known villanelle with the refrain " Qui premier s ' en repentira ," which was on the lips of Henry, duke of Guise, just before his death.

A terzanelle is a poetic form combining aspects of the villanelle and the terza rima.

In the fall of that year the best musicians of the Berlin and Frankfurt Kulturbund orchestras joined under the combined efforts of Bronislaw Hubermann and Steinberg to become the Palestine Orchestra -- now known as the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra -- with Steinberg as founder-conductor.

All seven combined ardent devotion to the cause of revolution with a profound respect for legality.

The Irish accent is, as one would expect, combined with slight inflections from the French.

The mystique of sex, combined with marijuana and jazz, is intended to provide a design for living.

When combined with the metaphysical notion that pure forms of this universe are best appreciated when least embodied in a material substratum, it becomes clear that while earth will be dross on a scale of material-formal ratios, celestial bodies will be of a subtle, quickened, ethereal existence, in whose embodiment pure form will be the dominant component and matter will be absent or remain subsidiary.

Create a free market here, give us a sound, debt-free money system, and we'll compete with anyone, Europe and Asia combined.

At that time it was a series of sophisticated social dances whose steps were often combined with other steps devised by the choreographer.

The New York Central has pointed out that this control, if approved by the Interstate Commerce Commission, would give the combined C. & O. - B. & O. Railroad a total of 185 points served in common with the New York Central.

Later this can be combined with the handstand to provide a walkover.

-- Syllables are linguistic units centering in peaks which are usually vocalic but, as has been noted, are consonantal under certain circumstances, and which may or may not be combined with preceding and/or following consonants or combinations of consonants.

Thus, the combined efficiency of the elements replaced by the two fiber plates ( with a combined efficiency of 0.25 ) is 0.043 or about six times less than that of the two fiber plates.

In the specific case of time diffusion, we must emphasize the significance of the earlier development of mistrust when it is combined with the inevitable time crisis experienced by most ( if not all ) adolescents in our society, and with the failure of the adolescent period to provide opportunities for developing trust.

Arkansas combined 280 yards rushing with 64 yards passing ( on 5 completions in 7 tosses ) and a tough defense to whip TCU, and A & M, with a 38-point bulge against Texas Tech ran up its biggest total loop play since 1950.

The charge that the federal indictment of three Chicago narcotics detail detectives `` is the product of rumor, combined with malice, and individual enmity '' on the part of the federal narcotics unit here was made yesterday in their conspiracy trial before Judge Joseph Sam Perry in federal District court.

The unsatisfactory 1958-60 expansion, he said, was not due to inadequate growth forces inherent in our economy but rather to the adverse effect of inappropriate economic policies combined with retrenching decisions resulting from the steel strike.

These are then mixed by their sound engineers with the active co-operation of the musical staff and combined into the final two channels which are impressed on the record.

Marcel Griaule and Michel Leiris are examples of people who combined anthropology with the French avant-garde.

The muscular frames and limbs combined with slim waists indicate the Greek desire for health, and the physical capacity which was necessary in the hard Greek environment.

These warning colours tend to be red or yellow combined with black, with the fire salamander ( Salamandra salamandra ) being an example.

Ward's music combined with the Bates poem was first published in 1910 and titled America the Beautiful.

Ward's music combined with Bates ' poem were first published together in 1910 and titled, America the Beautiful.

They remained in Second Division until the end of the 1928 – 29 season when Serie A and Serie B were created, with Udinese falling into the third tier ( Terza Serie ).

Aided by Roberto Fiore, whose Terza Posizione held similar views, the ONF developed an ideology that stressed the need for a " New Man " with the cadre structure influenced by the " nest " system of the pre-Second World War Romanian Iron Guard.

Terza Posizione was one of the various Italian neofascist groups of the ' 70s ( alongside with Lotta di Popolo, for example ) that attempted to break the wall between radical left and radical right ideologies.

Terza Posizione platform supported a social, corporativist state and looked with interest at both the Perón Argentina and the Vietcongs.

Despite its brief life and ambiguous relationships with terrorist groups, Terza Posizione remains one of the most influential groups of the Italian and European far right.

In 2004, Luigi Ciavardini, who had been a 17-year-old NAR member associated closely with the Terza Posizione at the time of the Bologna massacre, received a 30-year prison sentence for his role in the attack, which was upheld by the Court of Cassation in April 2007.

General Pietro Musumeci, n ° 2 of SISMI and revealed in 1981 to be a member of Propaganda Due ( P2 ) masonic lodge, was charged with having created falsified evidence to charge Roberto Fiore and Gabriele Andinolfi, two leaders of Terza Posizione who had fled in exile to London, of the bombing.

* rima pobre ( poor rhyme ): rhyme between words of the same grammatical category ( e. g. noun with noun ) or between very common endings (- ão ,-ar );

* rima rica ( rich rhyme ): rhyme between words of different grammatical classes or with uncommon endings ;

* rima preciosa ( precious rhyme ): rhyme between words with a different morphology, for example estrela ( star ) with vê-la ( to see her );

Other types of tercet include an enclosed tercet where the lines rhyme in an a b a pattern and terza rima where the a b a pattern of a verse is continued in the next verse by making the outer lines of the next stanza rhyme with the central line of the preceding stanza, b c b, as in the terza rima or terzina form of Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy.

In addition to imitations of works by the classical writers Seneca and Horace, he experimented in stanza forms including the rondeau, epigrams, terza rima, ottava rima songs, satires and also with monorime, triplets with refrains, quatrains with different length of line and rhyme schemes, quatrains with codas, and the French forms of douzaine and treizaine.

Spenser's invention may have been influenced by the Italian form ottava rima, which consists of eight lines of iambic pentameter with the rhyme scheme " abababcc.

It consists of the following pieces: The Battle of Agincourt, an historical poem in ottava rima ( not to be confused with his ballad on the same subject ), and The Miseries of Queen Margaret, written in the same verse and manner ; Nimphidia, the Court of Faery, a most joyous and graceful little epic of fairyland ; The Quest of Cinthia and The Shepherd's Sirena, two lyrical pastorals ; and finally The Moon Calf, a sort of satire.

It is addressed to Fulke Greville, and written, with much sententious melody, in a sort of terza rima, or, more properly, ottava rima with the couplet omitted.

Canon Dixon's first two volumes of verse, Christ's Company and Historical Odes, were published in 1861 and 1863 respectively ; but it was not until 1883 that he attracted conspicuous notice with Mano, an historical poem in terza rima, which was enthusiastically praised by Mr. Swinburne.

Outside of Italian and English, ottava rima has not been widely used, although the Spanish poets Boscan, Alonso de Ercilla y Zúñiga and Lope de Vega all experimented with it at one time or another.

Pushkin's poem opens with a lengthy tongue-in-cheek discussion of the merits of ottava rima.

He may have adapted the form from a French ballade stanza or from the Italian Ottava rima, with the omission of the fifth line.