* High system complexity compared to hydromechanical, analogue or manual control systems

There are also three fully working analogue telephone exchanges ( one of them a mobile TXE2 ), a manual switchboard and early automatic systems.

Websites about foreskin restoration vary in their recommendations, from suggesting a regimen of moderate amounts of tension applied for several hours a day, to recommending periods of higher tension applied for only a few minutes per day, as with manual techniques.

Books authored by Margolin include The Earth Manual, a manual on ecological land restoration.

As a part of on-going restoration work, in 2009, ASI and Aga Khan Trust for Culture ( AKTC ) after months of manual work using hand-tools, removed a thick layer of cement concrete from the roof that was putting a pressure of about 1, 102 tons on the structure.

Early descriptions of the production process and glazing techniques used for bricks can be found in the Song Dynasty carpenter's manual Yingzao Fashi, published in 1103 by the government official Li Jie, who was put in charge of overseeing public works for the central government's construction agency.

Early fanzines were hand-drafted or typed on a manual typewriter and printed using primitive reproduction techniques ( e. g., the spirit duplicator or even the hectograph ).

Physicians like Hippocrates and later Galenus are believed to have been the first practitioners of physical therapy, advocating massage, manual therapy techniques and hydrotherapy to treat people in 460 BC.

The OSS manual provides numerous techniques under the title “ General Interference with Organizations and Production ”:

In today's world, many students in universities do not learn manual drafting techniques because they are not required to do so.

Although this may be done through manual testing procedures using programming techniques, it is often done using automated testing tools.

Due to the aforementioned need to apply costly techniques such as formal verification or manual review, the size of the TCB has immediate consequences on the economics of the TCB assurance process, and the trustworthiness of the resulting product ( in terms of the mathematical expectation of the number of bugs not found during the verification or review ).

Such authors cite as one example that the CIA's KUBARK interrogation manual refers to " studies at McGill University ", and that most of the techniques recommended in KUBARK are exactly those that researcher Donald Ewen Cameron used on his test subjects ( sensory deprivation, drugs, isolation, etc.

Following the wars, several modern welding techniques were developed, including manual methods like shielded metal arc welding, now one of the most popular welding methods, as well as semi-automatic and automatic processes such as gas metal arc welding, submerged arc welding, flux-cored arc welding and electroslag welding.

Surgery ( from the cheirourgikē, via, meaning " hand work ") is an ancient medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and / or treat a pathological condition such as disease or injury, or to help improve bodily function or appearance.

As with archaeology on land, some techniques are essentially manual, using simple equipment ( generally relying on the efforts of one or more scuba divers ), while others use advanced technology and more complex logistics ( for example requiring a large support vessel, with equipment handling cranes, underwater communication and computer visualisation ).

* A reference manual for near-surface geophysics techniques and applications

The most sophisticated techniques are beginning to be used for the electronic tracking of changes to CAD files ( see product data management ), supplanting the " manual " electronic implementation of traditional revision control.

Although historically " manual " randomization techniques ( such as shuffling cards, drawing pieces of paper from a bag, spinning a roulette wheel ) were common, nowadays automated techniques are mostly used.

* Special chemistry-elaborate techniques such as electrophoresis manual testing methods.

Additionally, U. S. osteopathic physicians and academic researchers have conducted preliminary research to determine the efficacy of manual techniques to manage and / or co-manage conditions such as asthma and acute otitis media in children, dysmenorrhea, and pulmonary infection.

The manual also presents half-sword techniques as an integral part of armoured combat.

The internet has allowed businesses to compete in markets outside of their geographic location, reach more consumers, create efficiencies and cut costs in manual processes as well as pioneer new techniques for doing business.

Self-administered manual stretching techniques, as well as a number of devices which exert gentle longitudinal forces on the plaque, are currently being studied in clinical trials.

Some of the feature matching algorithms are outgrowths of traditional techniques for performing manual image registration, in which an operator chooses corresponding control points ( CPs ) in images.

Additional visual effects were achieved using manual film overlay techniques, the low-tech ancestor to current motion control photography.

Such techniques require great manual dexterity.

Fromm also cites a poll on attitudes toward work restriction conducted by the Opinion Research Corporation in 1945, in which 49 per cent of manual workers said a man ought to turn out as much as he could in a day's work, while 41 per cent said he should not do his best but should turn out only the average amount.

This last `` rampage '' is only the prelude to the vicious blow upon her head, `` dealt by some unknown hand '' whose identity is later revealed not verbally but through a manual action -- the tracing of Orlick's hammer upon a slate.

All parts or assemblies are handled either by conveyors or motorized vehicles such as fork lifts, or gravity, with no manual trucking.

When AA was ported to the English Electric KDF9 computer, the character set was changed to ISO and that compiler has been recovered from an old paper tape by the Edinburgh Computer History Project and is available online, as is a high-quality scan of the original Edinburgh version of the Atlas Autocode manual.

There, he anticipated the rule of Benedict of Nursia who lived about 200 years later ; " pray and work ", by engaging himself and his disciple or disciples in manual labor.

During 1951, the wooden bodies were replaced with sheet steel and these vehicles were powered by Chrysler flathead six-cylinder engines and 3-speed manual transmissions.

In a modern car with a manual transmission the clutch is operated by the left-most pedal using a hydraulic or cable connection from the pedal to the clutch mechanism.

Some languages, like Ada, Modula-3, and C ++/ CLI allow both garbage collection and manual memory management to co-exist in the same application by using separate heaps for collected and manually managed objects ; others, like D, are garbage collected but allow the user to manually delete objects and also entirely disable garbage collection when speed is required.

Similarly, the design technique has progressed from paper-and-ruler based manual design to computer-aided design, and now to computer-automated design ( CAutoD ), which has been made possible by evolutionary computation.

Some content-control software companies responded by claiming that their filtering criteria were backed by intensive manual checking.

*** The I Ching is a manual of divination based on the eight trigrams attributed to the mythical figure Fuxi ( by the time of Confucius these eight trigrams had been multiplied to sixty-four hexagrams ).

As Speerstra and also note, the compass of the keyboard parts of Bach's six organ trio sonatas BWV 525 – 530 rarely go below the tenor C, so could have been played on a single manual pedal clavichord, by moving the left hand down an octave, a customary practice in the 18th century.

Nevertheless, the ICJ found that the U. S. encouraged acts contrary to general principles of humanitarian law by producing the manual Psychological Operations in Guerrilla Warfare ( Operaciones sicológicas en guerra de guerrillas ) and disseminating it to the contras.

The CIA manual, " Psychological Operations in Guerrilla Warfare " ( Operaciones sicológicas en guerra de guerrillas ), had been written in 1983 to be used by the contras.

The International Court of Justice ruled on 27 June 1986 that by disseminating the manual to the contras, the United States of America had " encouraged ... acts contrary to general principles of humanitarian law.

A part of the New Deal of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, it provided unskilled manual labor jobs related to the conservation and development of natural resources in rural lands owned by federal, state and local governments.

The earliest known manual written about dominoes is the Manual of the Xuanhe Period ( 1119 – 1125 ) written by Qu You ( 1347 – 1433 ).

The manual evolved from systems for collecting census and psychiatric hospital statistics, and from a manual developed by the United States Army, and was substantially revised in 1980.

The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems ( ICD ), produced by the World Health Organization ( WHO ), is another commonly used manual which includes criteria for mental disorders.

There are ongoing issues concerning the validity and reliability of the diagnostic categories ; the reliance on superficial symptoms ; the use of artificial dividing lines between categories and from ' normality '; possible cultural bias ; medicalization of human distress and financial conflicts of interest, including with the practice of psychiatrists and with the pharmaceutical industry ; political controversies about the inclusion or exclusion of diagnoses from the manual, in general or in regard to specific issues ; and the experience of those who are most directly affected by the manual by being diagnosed, including the consumer / survivor movement.