* 1970 – Venera program: Venera 7 launched.

* 1967 – Venera program: Venera 4 is launched ( it will become the first space probe to enter another planet's atmosphere and successfully return data ).

* 1969 – Venera program: Soviet Venera 6 begins its descent into the atmosphere of Venus, sending back atmospheric data before being crushed by pressure.

* 1969 – Venera program: Venera 5, a Soviet spaceprobe, lands on Venus.

* 1965 – Venera program: the Soviet Union launches the Venera 3 space probe toward Venus, that will be the first spacecraft to reach the surface of another planet.

* May 16 – Venera program: Venera 5, a Soviet spaceprobe, lands on Venus.

* May 17 – Venera program: Soviet probe Venera 6 begins to descend into Venus ' atmosphere, sending back atmospheric data before being crushed by pressure.

* August 17 – Venera program: Venera 7 is launched.

** Venera program: Venera 4 is launched by the Soviet Union ( the first space probe to enter another planet's atmosphere and successfully return data ).

* November 16 – Venera program: The Soviet Union launches the Venera 3 space probe from Baikonur, Kazakhstan toward Venus ( on March 1, 1966 it became the first spacecraft to reach the surface of another planet ).

Ten probes from the Venera series successfully landed on Venus and transmitted data from the surface, including the two Vega program and Venera-Halley probes.

Since the early beginnings of Luna programme it designed many space probes, among others of the Venera, Zond and Mars program.

* Venera program

The Soviet Venera program included a number of Venus landers, some of which were crushed during descent much as Galileo's Jupiter " lander " and others of which successfully touched down.

Babakin's new " NPO Lavochkin " brought improved engineering, testing and systems management to this problem, generating a series of successes where Korolev's bureau had been failing — the first soft landing on the Moon by Luna 9, the first probe of the Venusian atmosphere by Venera 4.

The Venera 11 () was a USSR unmanned space mission part of the Venera program to explore the planet Venus.

The Venera 12 () was an USSR unmanned space mission to explore the planet Venus.

Venera 9 () ( manufacturer's designation: 4V-1 No. 660 ) was a USSR unmanned space mission to Venus.

Venera 10 () was a USSR unmanned space mission to Venus.

* 1970 – Soviet spacecraft Venera 7 successfully land on Venus.

* 1961 – U. S. S. R. launches Venera 1 towards Venus.

Space probes have been placed into orbit around all the five planets known to the ancients: first Mars ( Mariner 9, 1971 ), then Venus ( Venera 9, 1975 ; but landings on Venus and atmospheric probes were performed even earlier ), Jupiter ( Galileo, 1995 ), Saturn ( Cassini / Huygens, 2004 ), and most recently Mercury ( MESSENGER, March 2011 ), and have returned data about these bodies and their natural satellites.

Remotely-controlled landers such as Viking, Pathfinder and the two Mars Exploration Rovers have landed on the surface of Mars and several Venera and Vega spacecraft have landed on the surface of Venus.

* 1966 – Venera 3 Soviet space probe crashes on Venus becoming the first spacecraft to land on another planet's surface.

* 1975 – The Soviet unmanned space mission Venera 9 lands on Venus.

* January 5 – The Soviet Union launches Venera 5 toward Venus.

** The Soviet Union launches Venera 6 toward Venus.

* February 12 – The U. S. S. R. launches Venera 1 towards Venus.

* May 19 – Venera 1 becomes the first man-made object to fly-by another planet by passing Venus ( however, the probe had lost contact with Earth a month earlier and does not send back any data ).

** Soviet space probe Venera 3 crashes on Venus, becoming the first spacecraft to land on another planet's surface.

** The USSR's Venera 7 becomes the first spacecraft to land successfully on Venus and transmit data back to Earth.

The orbiter bus design was likely somewhat rushed into service and immature, considering that it performed very reliably in the Venera variant after 1975.

* Venera 9 – 8 June 1975 – First Venus orbiter and lander ; First images from surface of Venus

* Venera 10 – 14 June 1975 – Venus orbiter and lander

* Venera 15 – 2 June 1983 – Venus orbiter

* Venera 16 – 7 June 1983 – Venus orbiter

Image: Venera 9 orbiter. jpg | Venera 9First Venus orbiter

The Venera 15 and 16 spacecraft were identical and were based on modifications to the orbiter portions of the Venera 9 and Venera 14 probes.

The Venera 15 and 16 spacecraft were identical and were based on modifications to the orbiter portions of the Venera 9 and Venera 14 probes.

The Venera 15 and 16 spacecraft were identical and were based on modifications to the orbiter portions of the Venera 9 and Venera 14 probes.

Venera 9 landerOn October 20, 1975, the lander spacecraft was separated from the orbiter, and landing was made with the Sun near zenith at 05: 13 UTC on October 22.

Landing area of Venera 10 as mapped by the Magellan probe | Magellan orbiter