Xuanzang ( Sanskrit: ह ् व े नस ां ग ) ( c. 596 or 602 – 664 ), born Chen Hui () or Chen Yi (), was a Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, traveler, and translator who described the interaction between China and India in the early Tang Dynasty.

* China: Paramārtha 真諦 ( 499 – 569 ), Xuanzang 玄奘 ( 602 – 664 ) and Kuiji 窺基 ( K ' uei-chi ; 632 – 682 );

The third and longest section of the work is chapters 13 – 99, an episodic adventure story in which Xuanzang sets out to bring back Buddhist scriptures from Leiyin Temple on Vulture Peak in India, but encounters various evils along the way.

Episodes consist of 1 – 4 chapters and usually involve Xuanzang being captured and having his life threatened while his disciples try to find an ingenious ( and often violent ) way of liberating him.

In chapter 87, Xuanzang finally reaches the borderlands of India, and chapters 87 – 99 present magical adventures in a somewhat more mundane ( though still exotic ) setting.

# Shuō Wúgòuchēng Jīng ( 說無垢稱經 ) – 6 fascicles, translated by Xuanzang in 650 CE ( Taishō Tripiṭaka 476 )

* 644: Chinese pilgrim monk, Xuanzang, stays 7 – 8 months in Khotan and writes a detailed account of the kingdom.

Following the visit by the famous Chinese pilgrim monk Xuanzang to the court of Harsha, the king ruling Magadha, Harsha sent a mission to China which, in turn, responded by sending an embassy consisting of Li Yibiao and Wang Xuance, who probably travelled through Tibet and whose journey is commemorated in inscriptions at Rajagrha-modern Rajgir – and Bodhgaya.

From the 4th century onward, with Faxian's pilgrimage to India ( 395 – 414 ), and later Xuanzang ( 629 – 644 ), Chinese pilgrims too started to travel by themselves to northern India, their source of Buddhism, in order to get improved access to original scriptures.

The most famous of the Chinese pilgrims is Xuanzang ( 629 – 644 ), whose large and precise translation work defines a " new translation period ", in contrast with older Central Asian works.

Xuanzang died on March 7, 664.

The monastery was once famous for holding a skull relic of Xuanzang who died in 664, however, the relic was presented to India in 1956 when it was taken to Nalanda-allegedly by the Dalai Lama-and presented to India.

In the 7th century CE, Xuanzang ( Hiuen Tsang ), the Chinese monk, recorded spotting many Hindu temples in Ayodhya.

The four protagonists of the story, from left to right: Sun Wukong, Xuanzang ( fictional character ) | Tang Sanzang ( riding on the White Dragon Horse ), Zhu Bajie, and Sha Wujing.

Only following this introductory story is the nominal main character, Xuanzang ( Tang Sanzang ), introduced.

The geography described in the book is, however, almost entirely fantastic ; once Xuanzang departs Chang ' an, the Tang capital, and crosses the frontier ( somewhere in Gansu province ), he finds himself in a wilderness of deep gorges and tall mountains, inhabited by demons and animal spirits, who regard him as a potential meal ( since his flesh was believed to give immortality to whoever ate it ), with the occasional hidden monastery or royal city-state amidst the harsh setting.

In contrast to the historical Xuanzang, a wise and learned scholar ( he was in his late 20s when he left for India ), the fictional Xuanzang is presented as a young monk who is extremely naive, showing idealistic compassion without wisdom.

Genjō ), China, c. 630, and introduced to Japan in 654 by Dōshō who had travelled to China to study under Xuanzang.

The Xuanzang version consists of one hundred fascicles ( juan ), and was translated into Chinese between 646-648 CE at Hongfu Monastery ( 弘福寺 ) and Dacien Monastery ( 大慈恩寺 ).

The Tang Sanzang ji ( 唐三藏记, Record of the Tang Monk Tripitaka ), a book of unknown date appearing in an 11th-century Japanese collection of tales known as Jōbodai shū ( 成菩堤集 ), states Xuanzang was magically provided food and drink by a Deva while in the " Flowing Sands " ( liusha, 流沙 ) desert.

), the earliest known edition of Journey to the West, Shensha shen was transformed into a blood thirsty demon who had continuously eaten Xuanzang ’ s past reincarnations.

Liao Zhong ( 了中 ), and named for the Tang Dynasty monk Xuanzang, the school was promoted to university status in 2004.

Vijñaptimātratāsiddhi Śastra ), Xuanzang refutes the Indian philosophical doctrine of a " Great Lord " ( Ishvara ) or a Great Brahma, a self-existent and omnipotent creator deity who is ruler of all existence.

# Noropotir Dhap ( Vashu Bihara ), a group of monasteries 1km north-west of Totaram Ponditer Dhap ( said to be the place where Po-shi-po Bihara mentioned by Xuanzang ( Hieun Tsang ) was located ).

There are several major contemporary sources of information on his life, including copperplates from his vassal Madhavavarma ( King of Ganjam ), copperplates of his rivals Harshavardhana and Bhaskarvarmana, and the accounts of the Chinese monk Xuanzang as well as coins minted in Shashanka's reign.

Council of Ministers: The king was advised by a council of ministers ( Mantriparisada ), and Xuanzang mentions a meeting Bhaskaravarman had with his ministers.

In real life, Xuanzang ( born c. 602-664 ) was a monk at Jingtu Temple in late-Sui Dynasty and early-Tang Dynasty Chang ' an.

In the 7th century, the Chinese Buddhist monk Xuanzang describes the concurrent existence of the Mahavihara and the Abhayagiri Vihara in Sri Lanka.

It was initially thought that the Chinese mis-transliterated the word Avalokiteśvara as Avalokitasvara which explained why Xuanzang translated it as Guānzìzài instead of Guānyīn.

* Xuanzang, famous Chinese Buddhist monk

* Xuanzang, Chinese Buddhist monk

It is not clear when the name changed, but by the time of the visit of the Chinese pilgrim monk, Xuanzang, c. 636 CE, it was known as Ayodhya.

Kumarajiva has sometimes been regarded by both the Chinese and by western scholars as abbreviating his translations, with later translators such as Xuanzang being regarded as being more " precise.

Foremost among these are the accounts of the Chinese pilgrims Faxian in the 5th century and Xuanzang in the 7th century.

Motivated by the poor quality of Chinese translations of Buddhist scripture at the time, Xuanzang left Chang ' an in 629, despite the border being closed at the time due to war with the Göktürks.

Xuanzang () is a central character in the classical Chinese novel Journey to the West.

In the novel, Xuanzang is a Chinese Buddhist monk who had renounced his family to join the Sangha from childhood.

Zhu Bajie, also named Zhu Wuneng, is one of the three helpers of Xuanzang in the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West.

Xuanzang also discovered that the intellectual context in which Buddhists disputed and interpreted texts was much vaster and more varied than the Chinese materials had indicated: Buddhist positions were forged in earnest debate with a range of Buddhist and non-Buddhist doctrines unknown in China, and the terminology of these debates drew their significance and connotations from this rich context.

However, the Ornament for Clear Realization is not mentioned by Chinese translators up to the 7th century, including Xuanzang, who was an expert in this field.

At the age of 33, Xuanzang made a dangerous journey to India in order to study Buddhism there and to procure Buddhist texts for translation into Chinese.

The most well known Korean figure of these teachings was Woncheuk, who studied under the Chinese monk Xuanzang.

According to Xuanzang, the third Chinese pilgrim who visited the same areas as Song Yun about 100 years later, the capital of Chaghaniyan had five monasteries.

The first written evidence of the Kumbha Mela can be found in the accounts of Chinese traveler, Huan Tsang or Xuanzang ( 602-664 A. D .) who visited India in 629-645 CE, during the reign of King Harshavardhana.

The Chinese Buddhist monk Xuanzang traveled through Baghlan in the mid-7th Century CE, and referred to it as the " kingdom of Fo-kia-lang ".

The Chinese name Daluosi ( 怛羅斯, Talas ) was first seen in the account of Xuanzang.

* From the Chinese translation by Xuanzang ( T08n251 ).

The Chinese Buddhist monk Xuanzang visited a Mahāsāṃghika monastery at Bamiyan, Afghanistan, in the 7th century CE, and the site of this monastery has been rediscovered by archaeologists.