They are especially numerous in tropical and subtropical regions ( notably Central America, eastern Brazil, the Andes, the Mediterranean, southern Africa, central Asia, and southwestern China ).

The northern and southern temperate zones have a flora distinct from that of the continent generally, which is tropical.

The southern region, especially the southwest, is covered with dense tropical moist forest.

The climate of Côte d ' Ivoire is generally warm and humid, ranging from equatorial in the southern coasts to tropical in the middle and semiarid in the far north.

tropical ; hot and humid in equatorial river basin ; cooler and drier in southern highlands ; cooler-cold and wetter in eastern highlands and the Ruwenzori Range ; north of Equator-wet season April to October, dry season December to February ; south of Equator-wet season November to March, dry season April to October

Europa Island () is a 28 km² low-lying tropical island in the Mozambique Channel, about a third of the way from southern Madagascar to southern Mozambique.

tropical ; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands ; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage

In the northern hemisphere, Lammas takes place around August 1 with the Sun near the midpoint of Leo in the tropical zodiac, while in the southern hemisphere Lammas is celebrated around February 1 with the Sun near the midpoint of Aquarius.

With the Intertropical Convergence Zone ( ITCZ ) swinging northward over West Africa from the Southern Hemisphere in April, heavy showers coming from pre-monsoonal convective clouds mainly in the form of squall lines also known as the north easterlies formed mainly as a result of the interactions of the two dominant airmasses in Nigeria known as the Maritime tropical ( south westerlies ) and the Continental tropical ( north easterlies ), begins in central Nigeria while the Monsoons from the south atlantic ocean arrives in central Nigeria in July bringing with it high humidity, heavy cloud cover and heavy rainfall which can be daily occurrence lasting till September when the monsoons gradually begin retreating southward to the southern part of Nigeria. Rainfall totals in central Nigeria varies from in the lowlands of the river Niger Benue trough to over along the south western escarpment of the Jos Plateau.

The northward retreat of the tropical continental airmass ( CT ), is caused by the sun's northward shift from the tropic of capricorn in the southern hemisphere to the tropic of cancer in the northern hemisphere.

The region differs from the southern coast by the presence of shrubs, equotorial dry forests, mangrove forests, tropical valleys near rivers such as the Chira and the Tumbes, and is blessed with clear, sunny skies for most of the year.

These fact determine that the southern coast have a semi Mediterranean desert like climate yet there is small variations between temperatures during night time or day time, as regions in tropical latitudes.

There are protected areas in Tumbes and Piura filled with tropical canelo forests and tropical dry forests such as Caza de Coto and Cerros de Amotape, both extending into southern Ecuador.

Piper species have a pantropical distribution, and are most commonly found in the understory of lowland tropical rainforests, but can also occur in clearings and in higher elevation life zones such as cloud forests ; one species ( Japanese Pepper, P. kadsura, from southern Japan and southernmost Korea ) is subtropical and can tolerate light winter frost.

Kenting National Park on the southern tip of Taiwan contains uplifted coral reefs, moist tropical forest and marine ecosystems.

The Canellaceae are found in tropical America and Africa, and the Winteraceae are part of the Antarctic flora ( found in diverse parts of the southern hemisphere ).

The family ranges across eastern North America, Mexico and Central America, the West Indies, tropical South America, southern and eastern India, Sri Lanka, Indochina, Malesia, China, Japan, and Korea.

Asia is home to approximately two thirds of the species in Magnoliaceae, with the remainder of the family spread across the Americas with temperate species extending into southern Canada and tropical elements extending into Brazil and the West Indies.

The species are terrestrial ( sometimes epiphytic ) herbs or undershrubs and occur in subtropical and tropical moist climates, in South and Central America, Africa and southern Asia.

The Neotropic includes more tropical rainforest ( tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests ) than any other ecozone, extending from southern Mexico through Central America and northern South America to southern Brazil, including the vast Amazon Rainforest.

Centaurs were said to have inhabited the region of Magnesia and Mount Pelion in Thessaly, the Foloi oak forest in Elis, and the Malean peninsula in southern Laconia.

They include such forest types as the mixed deciduous forests of the United States and their counterparts in China and Japan, the broadleaf evergreen rainforests of Japan, Chile and Tasmania, the sclerophyllous forests of Australia, central Chile, the Mediterranean and California, and the southern beech Nothofagus forests of Chile and New Zealand.

Much of the western, southern, and central mountains are open woodland ; supporting pine forest interspersed with some oak, scrub, and grassy clearings.

The Juruá River ( Portuguese Rio Juruá ; Spanish Río Yurúa ) is a southern affluent river of the Amazon River west of the Purus River, sharing with this the bottom of the immense inland Amazon depression, and having all the characteristics of the Purus as regards curvature, sluggishness and general features of the low, half-flooded forest country it traverses.

The northern part of Masuria is covered mostly by the broadleaved forest, while the southern part is dominated by pine and mixed forests.

Northern Saskatchewan is mostly covered by boreal forest except for the Lake Athabasca Sand Dunes, the largest active sand dunes in the world north of 58 °, and adjacent to the southern shore of Lake Athabasca.

An area of special conservation interest lies in the Terai Arc Landscape in the Himalayan foothills of northern India and southern Nepal, where 11 protected areas comprising dry forest foothills and tall grass savannas harbor tigers in a landscape.

The southern limit is more variable, depending on rainfall ; taiga may be replaced by forest steppe south of the 15 ° C July isotherm where rainfall is very low, but more typically extends south to the 18 ° C July isotherm, and locally where rainfall is higher ( notably in eastern Siberia and adjacent Outer Manchuria ) south to the 20 ° C July isotherm.

The southern part is the closed canopy forest, consisting of many closely spaced trees with mossy ground cover.

In Canada, Scandinavia and Finland, the boreal forest is usually divided into three subzones: The high boreal ( north boreal ) or taiga zone ; the middle boreal ( closed forest ); and the southern boreal, a closed canopy boreal forest with some scattered temperate deciduous trees among the conifers, such as maple, elm and oak.

This southern boreal forest experiences the longest and warmest growing season of the biome, and in some regions ( including Scandinavia, Finland and western Russia ) this subzone is commonly used for agricultural purposes.

The boreal forest is home to many types of berries ; some are confined to the southern and middle closed boreal forest ( such as raspberry ), others grow in most areas of the taiga ( such as cranberry and cloudberry ), and some can grow in both the taiga and the low arctic ( southern part of ) tundra ( such as bilberry and lingonberry ).

Some areas of the more southern closed boreal forest also have populations of other deer species such as the elk ( wapiti ) and roe deer.

Summer warming has been shown to increase water stress and reduce tree growth in dry areas of the southern boreal forest in central Alaska, western Canada and portions of far eastern Russia.

" Origin of the lichen woodland at its southern range limit in eastern Canada: the catastrophic impact of insect defoliators and fire on the spruce-moss forest.

The southern terminals of the trans-Saharan trade routes were located on the edge of the desert, and from there supplemental trade extended as far south as the edge of the rain forest.

The dense rain forest covering the southern half of the country created barriers to large-scale political organizations as seen further north.

In southern Europe, between the Israeli Republics and the Icelandic-speaking peoples of northern Europe, was a thin but long stretch of territory called March.

Ancient Pueblo peoples or Ancestral Pueblo peoples were an ancient Native American culture centered on the present-day Four Corners area of the United States, comprising southern Utah, northern Arizona, northwest New Mexico, and southern Colorado.

Also vexatious were the Saxons, the name Roman writers gave to the peoples who lived in the northern part of what is now Germany and the southern part of the Jutland peninsula.

The Late Period extended from three thousand years ago until first contact with European settlers and was dominated by the organization of First Nations peoples into the Algonquian-influenced Abenaki Nation which existed largely in present-day interior Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine, and the Mi ' kmaq Nation which inhabited all of Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, eastern New Brunswick and the southern Gaspé.

The Yupik are indigenous or aboriginal peoples who live along the coast of western Alaska, especially on the Yukon-Kuskokwim delta and along the Kuskokwim River ( Central Alaskan Yup ' ik ), in southern Alaska ( the Alutiiq ) and along the eastern coast of Chukotka in the Russian Far East and St. Lawrence Island in western Alaska ( the Siberian Yupik ).

From around 1000 AD, Flanders historically meant to English-speaking peoples the land situated along the North Sea from the Strait of Dover to the Scheldt estuary with ill-defined southern borders.

Originating about 1800 BC from the Corded Ware Culture on the North German plain, the Germanic peoples expanded into southern Scandinavia and toward the Vistula river during the Nordic Bronze Age, reaching the lower Danube by 200 BC.

Native Celtic peoples had been marginalized during the period of Roman Britain, and when the Romans abandoned the British Isles during the 400s, waves of Germanic peoples, known to later historians as the Anglo-Saxons, migrated to southern Britain and established a series of petty kingdoms in what would eventually develop into the Kingdom of England by AD 927.

The Anglo-Saxons, a collection of various Germanic peoples, established several kingdoms that became the primary powers in what is now England and parts of southern Scotland.

Most of southern Africa was occupied by pygmy peoples and Khoisan who engaged in hunting and gathering.

This was an age grade traditions common among many of the Bantu peoples of the continent's southern region.

From their original homelands in Scandinavia and far northern Europe Germanic tribes expanded throughout northern and western Europe in the middle period of classical antiquity, and southern Europe in late antiquity, conquering Celtic and other peoples and forming in 800 the Holy Roman Empire, the first German Empire.

The Northern Crusades or Baltic Crusades were crusades undertaken by the Christian kings of Denmark and Sweden, the German Livonian and Teutonic military orders, and their allies against the pagan peoples of Northern Europe around the southern and eastern shores of the Baltic Sea.

The Philistines (,,, or ;, Plištim ), Pleshet or Peleset, were a people who as part of the Sea peoples appeared in the southern coastal area of Canaan at the beginning of the Iron Age ( circa 1175 BC ), most probably from the Aegean region.

In redrawing the map of Europe, Yugoslavia was created as an intentional coalition state among competing, and often mutually hostile, southern Slavic peoples, and the League of Nations ' mandates were often drawn, not to unify ethnic groups, but to divide them.

The Mane ( also called Mani ), southern members of the Mande language group, were a warrior people, well-armed and well-organized, who lived east and possibly somewhat north of present-day Sierra Leone, occupying a belt north of the coastal peoples.

Oswald's father Æthelfrith was a successful Bernician ruler who, after some years in power in Bernicia, also became king of Deira, and thus was the first to rule both of the kingdoms which would come to be considered the constituent kingdoms of Northumbria ( Bernicia in the northern part and Deira in the southern part ); it would, however, be anachronistic to refer to a " Northumbrian " people or identity at this early stage, when the Bernicians and the Deirans were still clearly distinct peoples.

Ernest L. Martin writes, "... Shemite tribes ( people who were descendants of Shem and including some peoples who came from Abraham ) later colonized the whole of southern Europe and replaced the people of JAVAN and his four descendants.

Most of the southern peoples use the Ewe or Mina languages, which are closely related and spoken in commercial sectors throughout Togo.

The pure Veddhas, are related to the Austro-Asiatic peoples found scattered today in many parts of southern Asia.