In 1821, the settlers moved and renamed the settlement Columbia — a poetic name for the United States.

She was the second oldest of seven children — Guelma Penn ( 1818 – 1873 ), Hannah Lapham ( 1821 – 1877 ), Daniel Read ( 1824 – 1904 ), Mary Stafford ( 1827 – 1907 ), Eliza Tefft ( 1832 – 1834 ), and Jacob Merritt ( 1834 – 1900 ).

* Ralph Waldo Emerson — poem Indian Superstition ( 1821 )

486 Greek Cypriots were executed on 9 July 1821, accused of conspiring with the rebelling Greeks, including four Bishops and numerous prominent citizens — all beheaded in the central square of Nicosia, while Archbishop Kyprianos was hanged.

* 1821 — Thomas Johann Seebeck invents the thermocouple

* 1821 — André-Marie Ampère announces his theory of electrodynamics, predicting the force that one current exerts upon another.

* 1821 — Thomas Johann Seebeck discovers the thermoelectric effect.

* 1821 — Augustin-Jean Fresnel derives a mathematical demonstration that polarization can be explained only if light is entirely transverse, with no longitudinal vibration whatsoever.

# Zephaniah Swift Moore, 1821 — 1823

In 1821, an guest cabin was built on Mount Holyoke by a local committee — one of the first New England summit houses.

Today's St. Marks evidently has its roots in American commercial activity that took hold beneath the walls of the fort upon acquisition of Spanish Florida by the U. S. in 1821 — before the settlement moved slightly up St. Marks River to the present position.

In his 1821 play, Almansor, the German writer Heinrich Heine — referring to the burning of the Muslim holy book, the Qur ' an, during the Spanish Inquisition — wrote, " Where they burn books, so too will they in the end burn human beings.

* February 14 — Charles Samuel Bovy-Lysberg, composer and pianist ( b. 1821 )

* 1821 — William Buckland analyzes Kirkdale Cave in Yorkshire, containing the bones of lions, elephants and rhinoceros, and concludes it was a prehistoric hyena den.

In 1821 Virginia named a new county — Morgan County — in his honor.

* Prionailurus bengalensis sumatranus ( Horsfield 1821 ) — Sumatra and Tebingtinggi ;

The Greek War of Independence ( 1821 — 1829 ) was fought to liberate Greece from a three centuries long Ottoman occupation.

The numerous revolutions in Crete, during and after the Greek War of Independence, ( 1821, 1833, 1841, 1858, 1866, 1878, 1889, 1895, 1897 ) were the result of the Cretans ' desire for Enosis — Union with Greece.

In 1821, the Fine Arts Institution of Edinburgh accepted three of Roberts's paintings — views of Melrose and Dryburgh abbeys ) — two of which sold.

Scholars affiliated with the academy include: Bi Yuan ( 畢沅, 1730 – 1797 ), Sang Tiaoyuan ( 桑调元, 1695 – 1771 ), Shen Qiyuan ( 沈起元, 1685 – 1763 ), He Shaoji ( 何紹基, 1799 – 1873 ), Kuang Yuan ( 匡源, 1815 – 1881 ), Wang Zhihan ( 王之翰, 1821 – 1850 ), Liu Yaochun ( 刘耀春 ), Zhu Xuedu ( 朱学笃, 1826 — 1892 ), and Miao Quansun ( 缪荃孙, 1844 – 1919 ).

Further, after first asserting that the revival had occurred in 1821, when Smith was in his " fifteenth year ," Cowdery corrected the date to 1823 — Smith's 17th ( actually, 18th ) year.

* 1821 – Ford Madox Brown, English painter ( d. 1893 )

Ford Madox Brown ( 16 April 1821 – 6 October 1893 ) was an English painter of moral and historical subjects, notable for his distinctively graphic and often Hogarthian version of the Pre-Raphaelite style.

* 1821 – Richard Cosway, English artist ( b. 1742 )

John Keats (; 31 October 1795 – 23 February 1821 ) was an English Romantic poet.

* 1821 – George Williams, English founder of the YMCA ( d. 1905 )

In his Confessions of an English Opium-Eater ( 1821, p. 188 ), it is still about Ottoman, not Chinese, addicts that Thomas de Quincey writes: " I question whether any Turk, of all that ever entered the paradise of opium-eaters, can have had half the pleasure I had.

* 1821 – William Jervois, English engineer and caption, 10th Governor of South Australia ( d. 1897 )

* March 13 – George Granville Bradley, English vicar and scholar ( b. 1821 )

* October 6 – Ford Madox Brown, English painter ( b. 1821 )

* October 31 – John Keats, English poet ( d. 1821 )

The Royal High School was used as a model for the first public high school in the United States, the English High School founded in Boston, Massachusetts in 1821.

The first public high school in America was established by the City of Boston in 1821 as The English High School.

Churchill Babington ( 11 March 1821 – 12 January 1889 ) was an English classical scholar, archaeologist and naturalist, born at Rothley Temple, in Leicestershire.

After trading hands multiple times between the English and the Spanish, Spain finally ceded Florida to the United States in 1821, and in 1823 the U. S. Army established Fort Brooke ( later Tampa ).

Well-before Birmingham was even founded ( in 1871 ), the county seat of Jefferson County was located at Carrollsville ( 1819 – 21 ) and Elyton ( 1821 – 73 ), and since 1873 it has been located in Birmingham, which was named for the English city of the same name in Warwickshire.

John Crome ( December 22, 1768 – April 22, 1821 ) was an English landscape artist of the Romantic era, one of the principal artists of the " Norwich school ".

Thomas Penson De Quincey (; 15 August 1785 – 8 December 1859 ) was an English essayist, best known for his Confessions of an English Opium-Eater ( 1821 ).

Landor ’ s Imaginary Conversations ( 1821 – 1828 ) formed the most famous English example of dialogue in the 19th century, although the dialogues of Sir Arthur Helps also claim attention and make himself more popular.

In 1821 appeared Confessions of an English Opium-Eater of Thomas de Quincey, it was translated into French in 1828 by an anonymous author that signed as ADM, which turned out to be Alfred de Musset.

James Harrison Rigg ( 16 January 1821 – 7 April 1909 ), English nonconformist divine, was born at Newcastle-on-Tyne.

George Granville Bradley ( 11 December 1821 – 13 March 1903 ) was an English divine, scholar, and schoolteacher.

William George Clark ( March 1821 – 6 November 1878 ) was an English classical and Shakespearean scholar.

* Richard Francis Burton ( 1821 – 1890 ) – English explorer, translator, writer, soldier, orientalist, ethnologist, linguist, poet, hypnotist, fencer and diplomat ; known for his travels and explorations within Asia and Africa as well as his extraordinary knowledge of languages and cultures ; according to one count, he spoke 29 European, Asian, and African languages.