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A manic episode is defined in the American Psychiatric Association's diagnostic manual as a period of seven or more days ( or any period if admission to hospital is required ) of unusually and continuously effusive and open elated or irritable mood, where the mood is not caused by drugs / medication or a medical illness ( e. g., hyperthyroidism ), and ( a ) is causing obvious difficulties at work or in social relationships and activities, or ( b ) requires admission to hospital to protect the person or others, or ( c ) the person is suffering psychosis.
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manic and episode
Because a bipolar diagnosis requires a manic or hypomanic episode, many patients are initially diagnosed and treated as having major depression.
Sleep disturbance is the most common prodromal symptom ; mood, psychomotor and appetite change, and anxiety can also occur up to three weeks before a manic episode develops.
Typical examples include tearfulness during a manic episode or racing thoughts during a depressive episode.
; Bipolar II disorder: No manic episodes, but one or more hypomanic episodes and one or more major depressive episode.
Bipolar I disorder is a mood disorder that is characterized by at least one manic or mixed episode.
Some antidepressants have been found to precipitate a manic episode.
Standardized tools such as Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale and Young Mania Rating Scale can be used to measure severity of manic episode.
A single manic episode is sufficient to diagnose bipolar I disorder.
To be classed as a manic episode, while the disturbed mood is present at least three ( or four if only irritability is present ) of the following must have been consistently prominent: grand or extravagant style, or expanded self-esteem ; reduced need of sleep ( e. g. three hours may be sufficient ); talks more often and feels the urge to talk longer ; ideas flit through the mind in quick succession, or thoughts race and preoccupy the person ; over indulgence in enjoyable behaviors with high risk of a negative outcome ( e. g., extravagant shopping, sexual adventures or improbable commercial schemes ).
The World Health Organization's classification system defines a manic episode as one where mood is higher than the person's situation warrants and may vary from relaxed high spirits to barely controllable exuberance, accompanied by hyperactivity, a compulsion to speak, a reduced sleep requirement, difficulty sustaining attention and, often, increased distractability.
Often in those who have experienced their first episode of hypomania ( which is a level of mild to moderate mania )-generally without psychotic features-there will have been a long or recent history of depression prior to the emergence of manic symptoms, and commonly this surfaces in the mid to late teens.
Two groups of mood disorders are broadly recognized ; the division is based on whether the person has ever had a manic or hypomanic episode.
It is important to discriminate the improved mood associated with recovery from the winter depression and a manic episode because there are important treatment differences.
: D ) The occurrence of antisocial behavior is not exclusively during the course of schizophrenia or a manic episode.
The division into depressive and bipolar types is based on whether the individual has ever had a manic, hypomanic or mixed episode.
* manic episode
* a manic episode
Efficacy was similar for Major Depressive Disorder and Bi-Polar patients, and no participant experienced a manic or hypomanic episode.
The prescribing information notes that " it is generally believed ( though not established in controlled trials )" that, should an episode of depression actually be the first presentation of bipolar disorder, treating it with antidepressants, including bupropion, may precipitate a manic episode.
# the thieving is not better accounted for by behavior disorder, a manic episode, or antisocial personality disorder.
Strunge killed himself on March 9, 1986, during a manic episode caused by bipolar disorder, by jumping from the 4th floor.
However, just a few days into the trip, Good found himself overwhelmed emotionally, experiencing what he described as the " absolute worst manic episode " while visiting friends in Bristol.
manic and is
it is manic as a man ''.
The concept of the bipolar spectrum is similar to that of Emil Kraepelin's original concept of manic depressive illness.
Currently, manic depressive illness is usually referred to as bipolar disorder or simply bipolar.
Bipolar disorder is a condition in which people experience intermittent abnormally elevated ( manic or hypomanic ) and, in many cases, abnormally depressed states for periods of time in a way that interferes with functioning.
Attention span is low, and a person in a manic state may be easily distracted.
At more extreme phases of bipolar I, a person in a manic state can begin to experience psychosis, or a break with reality, where thinking is affected along with mood.
The definition of rapid cycling most frequently cited in the literature ( including the DSM ) is that of Dunner and Fieve: at least four major depressive, manic, hypomanic or mixed episodes are required to have occurred during a 12-month period.
The first known and " gold standard " mood stabilizer is lithium carbonate, which is effective in treating acute manic episodes, and preventing relapses, more so for manic than for depressive episodes.
Initially used as an anticonvulsant, sodium valproate has become a commonly prescribed treatment, and is effective in treating manic episodes.
Carbamazepine is effective in treating manic episodes, with some evidence it has greater benefit in rapid-cycling bipolar disorder, or those with more psychotic manic symptoms or a more schizoaffective clinical picture.
The essential feature of bipolar I disorder is a clinical course characterized by the occurrence of one or more manic episodes or mixed episodes.
There is a hypothesized link between manic depression and hyper-sexuality, as put forward by Jarman et al.
Because mania and hypomania have also been associated with creativity and artistic talent, it is not always the case that the clearly manic bipolar person needs or wants medical help ; such persons often either retain sufficient self-control to function normally or are unaware that they have " gone manic " severely enough to be committed or to commit themselves.
Dysphoric mania is primarily manic and agitated depression is primarily depressed.
manic and defined
Mood disorders are defined by discrete periods of clinical depression, mixed episodes and manic episodes.
According to DSM-IV, pathological gambling is now defined as separate from a manic episode.
manic and American
He denounced the " manic exaltation of the American illusion " and compared it to the " American nightmare ".
The band have been called a " a Scots White Stripes ", but with " much more hidden menace ", with songs described as " a mix of Led Zeppelin and 90s American indie ", with their style described as " scuzzy experimental rock ", a " garage metal cacophony ", " aggroglam ", and " sleaze-rock " comprising " manic rigging, high-speed drumming and porno lyrics ".
manic and diagnostic
However, they are of particular diagnostic importance in psychotic disorders including schizophrenia, paraphrenia, manic episodes of bipolar disorder, and psychotic depression.
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