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A model organism is a non-human species that is extensively studied to understand particular biological phenomena, with the expectation that discoveries made in the organism model will provide insight into the workings of other organisms.
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), Raphanus sativus ( common radish ), Armoracia rusticana ( horseradish ), Matthiola ( stock ), Arabidopsis thaliana ( model organism ) and many others.
Arabidopsis thaliana is a very important model organism in the study of the flowering plants ( Angiospermae ).
A green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, is a model organism that has proven important in advancing knowledge of cell biology.
Research on Bacillus subtilis has been at the forefront of bacterial molecular biology and cytology, and the organism is a model for differentiation, gene / protein regulation, and cell cycle events in bacteria.
The type species is B. subtilis, an important model organism.
It is a popular aquarium fish, frequently sold under the trade name zebra danio, and is an important vertebrate model organism in scientific research.
D. rerio is a common and useful model organism for studies of vertebrate development and gene function.
Experiments on hereditary material during the time of the Hershey-Chase Experiment often used bacteriophages as a model organism.
Lambda phage has been used heavily as a model organism, and has been a rich source for useful tools in microbial genetics, and later in molecular genetics.
* Model organism, a simple organism used as model in biology
Escherichia coli is a gram-negative bacteria | gram-negative prokaryote | prokaryotic model organism
Studying model organisms can be informative, but care must be taken when extrapolating from one organism to another.
:* Mimulus is a model organism used in evolutionary and functional genomes studies.
:* Nicotiana benthamiana is often considered a model organism for plant-pathogen studies.
:* Hydra ( genus ), a Cnidarian, is the model organism to understand the processes of regeneration and morphogenesis, as well as the evolution of bilaterian body plans
:* Macrostomum lignano, a free-living, marine flatworm, a model organism for the study of stem cells, regeneration, ageing, gene function, and the evolution of sex.
* Daphnia pulex, an environmental indicator model organism
The entire organism is modeled in terms of its molecular components, integrating all cellular processes into a single model.
In contrast, the yeast model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae is smaller, weighing only 66MDa.
This school of thought was developed by B. F. Skinner who put forth a model which emphasized the mutual interaction of the person or " the organism " with its environment.
model and is
The Glazer-Fine Arts edition ( Concert-Disc ) is a model of lucidity and organization.
The interlocking frame we built at the model railroader workshop and then installed on Paul Larson's railroad follows the Fig. 1 scheme and is shown beginning in Fig. 7, page 65, and in the photos.
Stock design is excellent, and this model is a good first gun.
Another boy's model is the
Either model is a very good dollar value.
The drill press should be leveled and, depending on whether it is a bench or floor model, bolted securely to a sturdy bench or stand or screwed to the floor with lag or expansion screws.
We devote a chapter to the binomial distribution not only because it is a mathematical model for an enormous variety of real life phenomena, but also because it has important properties that recur in many other probability models.
that is, we may discuss the phenomenon in terms of its departures from the binomial model.
While some regression is inevitable, it is discouraged rather than encouraged so that the transference does not follow the stages of planned regression associated with certain casework adaptations of the psychoanalytic model for insight therapy.
While there may be several such industries to which the model of this paper is applicable, the authors make particular claim of relevance to the explanation of the course of wages and prices in the steel industry of the United States since World War 2.
The model of this paper considers an industry which is not characterized by vigorous price competition, but which is so basic that its wage-price policies are held in check by continuous critical public scrutiny.
For expository purposes, this is best treated as a model which spells out the conditions under which an important industry affected with the public interest would find it profitable to raise wages even in the absence of union pressures for higher wages.
The industry with which this model is concerned is a basic industry, producing a substantial share of gross national product.
The industry of this model is so important that its wage and price policies are affected with a public interest.
In this model, then, the industry is presumed to realize that they could successfully resist a change in the basic wage rate, but since such a change is the only effective means to raising prices they may, in circumstances to be spelled out in Part 2, below, find it to their advantage to allow the wage rise.
From this presumption it is an easy step to the conclusion that any observed increases in the basic wage rate must be due to union behavior different and more aggressive than assumed in our model.
Eichmann himself is a model of how the myth of the enemy-Jew can be used to transform the ordinary man of present-day society into a menace to all his neighbors.
New York State has what is probably the most advanced of these co-operative systems, so well developed that it has become a model for others to follow.
# As exploratory data analysis, an ANOVA is an organization of an additive data decomposition, and its sums of squares indicate the variance of each component of the decomposition ( or, equivalently, each set of terms of a linear model ).
# Closely related to the ANOVA is a linear model fit with coefficient estimates and standard errors.
model and non-human
Notable studies on non-human primates have been part of the polio vaccine development, and development of Deep Brain Stimulation, and their current heaviest non-toxicological use occurs in the monkey AIDS model, SIV.
An animal model is a living, non-human animal used during the research and investigation of human disease, for the purpose of better understanding the disease without the added risk of harming an actual human being during the process.
The increase in knowledge of the genomes of non-human primates and other mammals that are genetically close to humans is allowing the production of genetically engineered animal tissues, organs and even animal species which express human diseases, providing a more robust model of human diseases in an animal model.
He wrote the first article on the neuropathology of FAS, and developed the first non-human primate model for studying dose-response.
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