It is named after André-Marie Ampère ( 1775 – 1836 ), French mathematician and physicist, considered the father of electrodynamics.

It was originally named Antlia pneumatica (" Machine Pneumatique " in French ) to commemorate the air pump invented by the French physicist Denis Papin.

It is named after Ernst Abbe ( 1840 – 1905 ), the German physicist who defined it.

The inflationary hypothesis was originally proposed in 1980 by American physicist Alan Guth, who named it " inflation ".

They were first observed in 1869 by German physicist Johann Hittorf, and were named in 1876 by Eugen Goldstein kathodenstrahlen, or cathode rays.

In 1897 British physicist J. J. Thomson showed the rays were composed of a previously unknown negatively charged particle, which was later named the electron.

Attempting to resolve the issue, in 1994, the IUPAC proposed the name joliotium ( Jl ), after the French physicist Frédéric Joliot-Curie, which was originally proposed by Soviet team for element 102, later named nobelium.

Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit ( 24 May 1686 – 16 September 1736 ) was a Dutch-German-Polish physicist, engineer, and glass blower who is best known for inventing the alcohol thermometer ( 1709 ) and the mercury thermometer ( 1714 ), and for developing a temperature scale now named after him.

The Doppler effect ( or Doppler shift ), named after the Austrian physicist Christian Doppler, who proposed it in 1842 in Prague, is the change in frequency of a wave ( or other periodic event ) for an observer moving relative to its source.

In SI units, the unit of frequency is the hertz ( Hz ), named after the German physicist Heinrich Hertz: 1 Hz means that an event repeats once per second.

Fahrenheit is the temperature scale proposed in 1724 by, and named after, the physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit ( 1686 – 1736 ).

The scheme is named for its inventor, Nobel Prize-winning American physicist Richard Feynman, and was first introduced in 1948.

This unit is named after the German mathematician and physicist Carl Friedrich Gauss (" Gauß ").

The Huygens – Fresnel principle ( named after Dutch physicist Christiaan Huygens and French physicist Augustin-Jean Fresnel ) is a method of analysis applied to problems of wave propagation both in the far-field limit and in near-field diffraction.

John Napier of Merchiston ( 1550 – 4 April 1617 ) – also signed as Neper, Nepair – named Marvellous Merchiston, was a Scottish landowner known as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer and astrologer.

It is named after the English physicist James Prescott Joule ( 1818 – 1889 ).

It is named after the Dutch physicist Hendrik Lorentz.

His cousin, Kirill Fedorovich Nesturkh, then a young physicist, and a singer named Wagz invited him to attend the defense of the dissertation of professor Abram Fedorovich Ioffe.

Maxwell's equations are named after the Scottish physicist and mathematician James Clerk Maxwell, since in an early form they are all found in a four-part paper, " On Physical Lines of Force ", which he published between 1861 and 1862.

Yukawa had originally named his particle the " mesotron ", but he was corrected by the physicist Werner Heisenberg ( whose father was a professor of Greek at the University of Munich ).

The Mach number is named after Austrian physicist and philosopher Ernst Mach, a designation proposed by aeronautical engineer Jakob Ackeret.

These matrices were used by, then named after, the Austrian-born physicist Wolfgang Pauli ( 1900 – 1958 ), in his 1925 study of spin in quantum mechanics.

Rutherfordium ( ) is a chemical element with symbol Rf and atomic number 104, named in honor of New Zealand physicist Ernest Rutherford.

Rankine is a thermodynamic ( absolute ) temperature scale named after the Glasgow University engineer and physicist William John Macquorn Rankine, who proposed it in 1859.

Twenty-thousand years in the future, Cass, a humanoid physicist from Earth, travels to Mimosa orbital station and begins a series of experiments to test the extremities of the fictitious Sarumpaet rules, a set of fundamental equations in " Quantum Graph Theory ," which holds that physical existence is a manifestation of complex constructions of mathematical graphs.

In September 2011, he wrote and penciled The Big Lie, a comic book in which the protagonist – a physicist widowed on September 11, 2001 – travels back in time to attempt to save her husband.

Meanwhile, in 1913, physicist Niels Bohr suggested that the electrons were confined into clearly defined, quantized orbits, and could jump between these, but could not freely spiral inward or outward in intermediate states.

Ampère also applied this same principle to magnetism, showing the harmony between his law and French physicist Charles Augustin de Coulomb ’ s law of magnetic action.

Building on the work of Clausius, between the years 1873-76 the American mathematical physicist Willard Gibbs published a series of three papers, the most famous one being the paper On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances.

In 1923, the Belgian mathematician and physicist Théophile de Donder derived a relation between affinity and the Gibbs free energy of a chemical reaction.

Bowie portrayed physicist Nikola Tesla in the Christopher Nolan film, The Prestige ( 2006 ), which was about the bitter rivalry between two magicians in the late 19th century.

They influenced French physicist André-Marie Ampère's developments of a single mathematical form to represent the magnetic forces between current-carrying conductors.

In 1821, Estonian-German physicist Thomas Johann Seebeck demonstrated the electrical potential in the juncture points of two dissimilar metals when there is a heat difference between the joints.

Singer trained as an atmospheric physicist and is known for his work in space research, atmospheric pollution, rocket and satellite technology, his questioning of the link between UV-B and melanoma rates, and that between CFCs and stratospheric ozone loss

Gerald Lawrence Schroeder is an Orthodox Jewish physicist, author, lecturer and teacher at College of Jewish Studies Aish HaTorah's Discovery Seminar, Essentials and Fellowships programs and Executive Learning Center, who focuses on what he perceives to be an inherent relationship between science and spirituality.

This was his first recognition as a physicist ; though his work had been considered important by chemists, it clearly was on the borderline between the two sciences and both would claim him from this point on.

He regards the mind, soul and body as different aspects of the same underlying reality —" dual aspect monism "— writing that " there is only one stuff in the world ( not two — the material and the mental ) but it can occur in two contrasting states ( material and mental phases, a physicist might say ) which explain our perception of the difference between mind and matter.

Radiocarbon dating, begun in 1995 by physicist Douglass Donahue and chemists Jacqueline Olin and Garman Harbottle, places the origin of the parchment somewhere between 1423 and 1445.

London dispersion forces, named after the German-American physicist Fritz London, are weak intermolecular forces that arise from the interactive forces between instantaneous multipoles in molecules without permanent multipole moments.

The Doppler effect ( or Doppler shift ), named after Austrian physicist Christian Doppler who proposed it in 1842, is the difference between the observed frequency and the emitted frequency of a wave for an observer moving relative to the source of the waves.

A phenomenon that is commonly presented as evidence for the existence of zero-point energy in vacuum is the Casimir effect, proposed in 1948 by Dutch physicist Hendrik B. G. Casimir ( Philips Research ), who considered the quantized electromagnetic field between a pair of grounded, neutral metal plates.

The SI unit of capacitance is the farad ( named after the English physicist Michael Faraday ); a 1 farad capacitor when charged with 1 coulomb of electrical charge will have a potential difference of 1 volt between its plates.

In 1952, UC Berkeley and subsequent UC San Diego SIO physicist Hugh Bradner, who is considered to be the original inventor and " father of the modern wetsuit ," had the insight that a thin layer of trapped water could be tolerated between the suit fabric and the skin, so long as insulation was present in the fabric in the form of trapped bubbles.

In 1946, physicist Dennis Gabor, applying ideas from quantum physics, introduced the use of Gaussian-windowed sinusoids for time-frequency decomposition, which he referred to as atoms, and which provide the best trade-off between spatial and frequency resolution.

The concept of messenger particles dates back to the 18th century when the French physicist Charles Coulomb showed that the electrostatic force between electrically charged objects follows a law similar to Newton's Law of Gravitation.

Research undertaken by a team led by French physicist, Lydéric Bocquet, has discovered that an angle of about 20 ° between the stone and the water's surface is optimal.

Unlike previous methods, the path-integral allows a physicist to easily change coordinates between very different canonical descriptions of the same quantum system.

The Seebeck effect is the conversion of temperature differences directly into electricity and is named for the balt-German physicist Thomas Johann Seebeck, who, in 1821 discovered that a compass needle would be deflected by a closed loop formed by two metals joined in two places, with a temperature difference between the junctions.