According to Ibn Ishaq's controversial account of the Satanic Verses ( q. v.

According to the Muslim Jurist Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, the quote in which Muhammad is reported to have said that greater Jihad is the inner struggle, is from an unreliable source:

According to biographies preserved by Ibn al-Nadim and the Persian polymath al-Biruni, he allegedly received a revelation as a youth from a spirit, whom he would later call his Twin ( Aramaic Tauma ( תאומא ), from which is also derived the name of the apostle Thomas, the " twin "), his Syzygos ( Greek for " partner ", in the Cologne Mani-Codex ), his Double, his Protective Angel or ' Divine Self '.

According to Voll, it was Muhammad Hayyat who taught Ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhab to reject the popular veneration of saints and their tombs.

According to Stephen Suleyman Schwartz, in his book " The Two Faces of Islam ", “ some say that during this vagabondage Ibn Abdul Wahhab came into contact with certain Englishmen who encouraged him to personal ambition as well as to a critical attitude about Islam .” Specifically, Mir ’ at al Harramin, a Turkish work by Ayyub Sabri Pasha, written in 1888, states that in Basra, Abdul Wahhab had come into contact with a British spy by the name of Hempher, who “ inspired in him the tricks and lies that he had learned from the British Ministry of the Commonwealth .”

According to classical Muslim scholars ( such as Ibn Taymiyya ) the leader of the Muslim force capturing non-Muslim prisoners could choose whether to kill prisoners, to ransom them, to enslave them, or to cut off their hands and feet on alternate sides.

According to Josep Puig, the Andalusian astronomer Ibn Bajjah proposed that the Milky Way was made up of many stars which almost touched one another and appeared to be a continuous image due to the effect of refraction from sublunary material, citing his observation of the conjunction of Jupiter and Mars on 500 AH ( 1106 / 1107 AD ) as evidence.

According to Hamid S. Hosseini, the power of supply and demand was understood to some extent by several early Muslim scholars, such as fourteenth-century Mamluk scholar Ibn Taymiyyah, who wrote:

According to Ibn Ishaq, he was stopped from doing so by two rabbis from the Banu Qurayza tribe, who implored the king to spare the oasis because it was the place " to which a prophet of the Quraysh would migrate in time to come, and it would be his home and resting-place.

According to Ibn Ishaq, the local pagan Arab tribes, the Muslim Muhajirun from Mecca, the local Muslims ( Ansar ), and the Jews of the area signed an agreement, the so-called Constitution of Medina, which committed all parties to mutual cooperation under the leadership of " Muhammad the Prophet ".

According to the historian Muslim Ibn al-Athir, Imperial casualties numbered around 4, 000.

According to the famous Islamic legal scholar Ibn Qayyim ( 1292 – 1350 ), non-Muslims had the right to engage in such religious practices even if it offended Muslims, under the conditions that such cases not be presented to Islamic Sharia courts and that these religious minorities believed that the practice in question is permissible according to their religion.

" According to Ibn Idhari, " Abd ar-Rahman and many of his men found martyrdom on the balat ash-Shuhada ' i (" the path of the martyrs ).

According to Muslim historians such as Ibn Khaldun and Ali ibn al-Athir, Amalek is a name given to the Amorites and the Canaanites.

According to Lynn Townsend White, Jr., the Andalusian inventor, Abbas Ibn Firnas ( 810-887 ), made the earliest attempt at creating " some sort of metronome.

According to Ibn Khaldun ( 1332 – 1406 ), he is said to have been called the Baboso or Slobberer because he was subject to fits of rage during which he foamed at the mouth.

According to Ibn ʻAbd al-Ḥakam writing around 860, Ṭāriq, commander of the Arab-Berber garrison of Tangiers, crossed the straits of Gibraltar with ships from a certain Count Julian ( Arabic Ilyan ), lord of Ceuta and " Alchadra " ( Algeciras ), and landed near Cartagena, which he took and made his headquarters.

According to this theory, therefore, the existence of this world is not only a possibility, as Ibn Sina ( Avicenna ) declared, but also a necessity.

According to this theory, therefore, the existence of this world is not only a possibility, as Ibn Sina declared — in order to make concessions to the orthodox — but also a necessity.

According to Ibn al-Salah the most prolific narrators from the Companions was Abu Huraira followed by Ibn Abbas.

According to Ibn al-Salah, quoting an early religious authority, the first to specialize in the study of hadith narrators was Shu ' bah ibn al-Hajjaj, followed by Yahya ibn Sa ' id al-Qattan and then Ahmad ibn Hanbal and Yahya ibn Ma ' in.

According to some Islamic sources, such as al-Tabari, Ibn Kathir and al-Tha ' labi, Cain migrated to Yemen.

According to Ibn Bibi, in 618 / 1221 the Saljuq of Rum Ala ' al-Din Kay-kubad decorated the walls of Konya and Sivas with verses from the Shahnameh.

According to Osman Yahia ; Ibn ‘ Arabī produced 50 of his works after this Divine order, some of which are short epistles of less than 10 pages but all of these are rooted in the Divine order: “ Counsel My servants .”

According to Ibn Al-Kalbi, the image was first set up by Khuzaymah ibn-Mudrikah ibn-al-Ya's ' ibn-Mudar, but another tradition, record by Ibn Ishaq, holds that Amr ibn Luhayy, a leader of the Khuza ' a tribe, put an image of Hubal into the Kaaba, where it was worshipped as one of the chief deities of the tribe.

According to Bu Ishaq, there must be a supreme intellect in every age, just as Muhammad was in his time.

According to Ibn Ishaq, it was revealed in Makka, some time before the Isra and Miraj.

According to early Islamic historians such as Ibn Ishaq, in honor of his ally, Negus Abraha built a great church at Sana ' a known as al-Qullays, a loanword borrowed from " church ".

According to Ibn Ishaq, Muhammad's tribe, the powerful Quraysh, were greatly concerned about their tribesman who had started claiming prophethood and wished to consult the Jewish rabbis ' superior knowledge of the scriptures and about the prophets of God.

According to the early chronicler Ibn Ishaq, Muhammad took 700 men ( Guillaume 1955, p. 500 ).

According to Ibn Ishaq, Muhammad's tribe, the powerful Quraysh, were greatly concerned about their tribesman who had started claiming prophethood and wished to consult rabbis about the matter.

According to Ibn Ishaq, when Muhammad was informed of the three questions from the rabbis, he said that he would have the answers in the morning but did not say " if God wills it ".

According to Ibn Ishaq, whom most tafsirs follow, the " people of the Ditch " whose persecution it condemns are the Christians of Najran killed by Dhu Nuwas.

According to early Islamic books and Somali tradition, the Isaaq clan was founded in the 12th or 13th century with the arrival of Shaykh Ishaq ibn Ahmad al-Hashimi from Arabia, one of the Prophet Muhammad's early followers.

According to the Arab Muslim historian Ibn Ishaq, Najran was the first place where Christianity took root in South Arabia.

According to Ibn Ishaq, Akhtab persuaded the Qurayza chief Ka ' b ibn Asad to help the Meccans conquer Medina.

According to Ibn Ishaq, Abu Lubaba felt pity for the women and children of the tribe who were crying and when asked whether the Qurayza should surrender to Muhammad, advised them to do so.

According to Ibn Ishaq, Abdullah Ibn Zaid Ibn Abd Rabbihi went to Muhammad with his story that he saw Adhan in his dream, Muhammad, approving the method for calling to prayers, told him to ask an Ethiopian named Bilal, who had a marvelous voice, to call the Muslims to prayer ( the Adhan ).

According to Sunni beliefs, Muhammad gave no specific directions as to the choosing of his successor when he died.

According to the traditional Islamic view, the Qur ' an ( Koran ) began with revelations to Muhammad ( when he was 40 years old ) in 610.

According to hadith, Prophet Muhammad strongly recommended honey for healing purposes.

According to the authoritative Dictionary of Islam jihad is defined as: " A religious war with those who are unbelievers in the mission of Muhammad ... enjoined especially for the purpose of advancing Islam and repelling evil from Muslims.

According to historical narrations about Muhammad's life, after ten years of receiving revelations, Muhammad went to the city of Ta ’ if to see if its leaders would allow him to preach his message from there rather than Mecca, but he was cast from the city by the people.

According to Ahmad ibn Hanbal, these verses were followed to the letter at the times of Muhammad, when Jews and Christians, considered monotheists, were still allowed to the Masjid al-Haram.

According to Muslims, sharia law is founded on the words of Allah as revealed in the Quran, and traditions gathered from the life of the Prophet Muhammad.

According to the view of some Sufi Muslims who incorporate both the outer and inner reality of Prophet Muhammad, hold the view that the deeper and true Sunnah are the noble characteristics and inner state of Prophet Muhammad.

According to some scholars, Sunnah predates both the Quran as well as Muhammad, and is actually the tradition of the Prophets of God, specifically the tradition of Abraham.

According to the Hadith, the family of the Muhammad should not consume any Zakat.

According to Islamic tradition, Muhammad is said to have invoked Allah by a number of Names.

* According to Islamic belief, the archangel Gabriel first appears to Muhammad, reciting to him the first verses of surat Iqra ( al -` Alaq ), thus beginning the revelation of the Qur ' an ( approximate date ).

According to tradition, the Umayyad family ( also known as the Banu Abd-Shams ) and Muhammad both descended from a common ancestor, Abd Manaf ibn Qusai and they are originally from the city of Mecca.

According to this definition, Miracles are present " in a threefold sense: in sacred history, in connection with Muhammad himself and in relation to revelation.

According to some Islamic scholars, the rock is the spot from which Muhammad ascended to Heaven accompanied by the angel Gabriel.

According to Sunni traditions, when Muhammad was persecuted in Mecca and the time came for him to emigrate to Madinah ( Medina ), he took temporary refuge with his companion Abu Bakr in the cave of Thawr.

According to Muhammad Asad, on his notes in The Message of the Qur ' an translation on 51: 26,

According to the Qur ' an, " Muhammad is but a messenger ; messengers have passed away before ", i. e. died or killed.

According to their tradition, Imam Ali, the son-in-law of prophet Muhammad was Kalki.

According to Professor William Montgomery Watt, when seen in such historical context, Muhammad " can be seen as a figure who testified on behalf of women ’ s rights.

According to certain traditions, these festivals were initiated in Madinah after the flight of Muhammad from Mecca.