Emperor Leo VI the Wise incorporated much of Aelian's text in his own work on the military art ( Τέχνη Τακτική ).

Perhaps the chief value of Aelian's work lies in his critical account of preceding works on the art of war, and in the fullness of his technical details in matters of drill.

Aelian's anecdotes on animals rarely depend on direct observation: they are almost entirely taken from written sources, often Pliny the Elder, but also other authors and works now lost, to whom he is thus a valuable witness.

Aelian's work is one of the sources of medieval natural history and of the bestiaries of the Middle Ages ; in some ways an allegory of the moral world, an Emblem Book.

Various History — for the most part preserved only in an abridged form — is Aelian's other well-known work, a miscellany of anecdotes and biographical sketches, lists, pithy maxims, and descriptions of natural wonders and strange local customs, in 14 books, with many surprises for the cultural historian and the mythographer, anecdotes about the famous Greek philosophers, poets, historians, and playwrights and myths instructively retold.

This shrine is described in Aelian's 3rd century AD work Varia Historia.

Willem Lodewijk describes drilling soldiers in a similar manner to how Aelian " countermarched " his troops ; ' I have discovered ex evolutionibus is, from Aelian's discussions of drill a method of getting the musketeers and soldiers armed with harquebuses not only to keep firing very well but to do it effectively in battle order ( that is to say, they do not skirmish or use the cover of hedges ) in the following manner: as soon as the first rank has fired together, then by the drill have learned they will march to the back.

* The Evidence for Aelian's Katêgoria tou gunnidos regarding Aelian's presumed invective against Elagabalus

In Aelian's De natura animalium they are mistakenly mentioned, along with scorpions, as responsible for the abandoning of a country in Ethiopia.

In the letter William Louis discusses the use of ranks by soldiers of Imperial Rome as discussed in Aelian's Tactica.

Conrad Gessner ( or Gesner ), the Swiss scientist and natural historian of the Renaissance, made a Latin translation of Aelian's work, to give it a wider European audience.

Two English translations of the Various History, by Fleming ( 1576 ) and Stanley ( 1665 ) made Aelian's miscellany available to English readers, but after 1665 no English translation appeared, until three English translations appeared almost simultaneously: James G. DeVoto, Claudius Aelianus: Ποιϰίλης Ἱοτορίας (" Varia Historia ") Chicago, 1995 ; Diane Ostrom Johnson, An English Translation of Claudius Aelianus ' " Varia Historia ", 1997 ; and N. G. Wilson, Aelian: Historical Miscellany in the Loeb Classical Library.

In Aelian's natural history, written in the early third century CE, Nereus was also the father of a watery consort of Aphrodite named Nerites who was transformed into " a shellfish with a spiral shell, small in size but of surpassing beauty.

Literary sources are Alexander's propagandist Arrian ( Anabasis Alexandri 2. 3 ) Quintus Curtius ( 3. 1. 14 ), Justin's epitome of Pompeius Trogus ( 11. 7. 3 ), and Aelian's De Natura Animalium 13. 1.

In a letter to his cousin Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange dated December 8, 1594 William Louis set out ( from reading the Tactica by Aelianus Tacticus ) an argument around the use of ranks by soldiers of Imperial Rome as discussed in Aelian's Tactica.

In spite of its academic nature, the copious details to be found in the treatise rendered it of the highest value to the army organizers of the 16th century, who were engaged in fashioning a regular military system out of the semi-feudal systems of previous generations.

The ancient Greek horse trainer Xenophon mentioned nothing about horseshoes in his treatise on the care of military cavalry, nor did the Digesta Artis Mulomedicinae by Vegetius Renatus, written in the 4th or 5th century AD, mention nailed-on shoes, though he accurately enumerated everything connected with an army forge in the time.

In addition, Polybius wrote an extensive treatise entitled Tactics, which may have detailed Roman and Greek military tactics.

Konrad Kyeser described rockets in his famous military treatise Bellifortis around 1405.

In the 1832 treatise On War, Prussian military general and theoretician Carl von Clausewitz defined war as follows: " War is thus an act of force to compel our enemy to do our will.

* Jiao Yu, Chinese general and author of the Huolongjing military treatise

* Jean de Meun translates Vegetius ' 4th century military treatise De Re Militari from Latin into French.

* 1284 – Jean de Meun translates Vegetius ' 4th century military treatise De Re Militari from Latin into French.

The earliest surviving recipes for gunpowder can be found in the Chinese military treatise Wujing zongyao of 1044 AD, which contains three: two for use in incendiary bombs to be thrown by siege engines and one intended as fuel for poison smoke bombs.

* The Chinese military treatise of the Wujing Zongyao is written and compiled by scholars Zeng Gongliang ( 曾公亮 ), Ding Du ( 丁度 ), and Yang Weide ( 楊惟德 ) during the Song Dynasty.

In the late 4th century, Vegetius conflates Alans and Huns in his military treatise — Hunnorum Alannorumque natio, the " nation of Huns and Alans " — and collocates Goths, Huns and Alans, exemplo Gothorum et Alannorum Hunnorumque.

Traditional accounts state that his descendant, Sun Bin, also wrote a treatise on military tactics, titled Sun Bin's Art of War.

He also promoted science and arts ; Maurice is also the traditional author of the military treatise Strategikon which is praised in military circles as the only sophisticated combined arms theory until World War II.

The Art of War is an ancient Chinese military treatise attributed to Sun Tzu ( also referred to as " Sun Wu " and " Sunzi "), a high-ranking military general, strategist and tactician, and it was believed to have been compiled during the late Spring and Autumn period or early Warring States period.

It has been the most famous and influential of China's Seven Military Classics, and: " for the last two thousand years it remained the most important military treatise in Asia, where even the common people knew it by name.

Nikephoros was the author of an extant treatise on military tactics, most famously the Praecepta Militaria which contains valuable information concerning the art of war in his time, and the less-known On Skirmishing ( Περί Παραδρομής in the original Greek ), which concerned guerilla-like tactics for defence against a superior enemy invasion force — though it is likely that this latter work, at least, was not composed by the Emperor but rather for him: translator and editor George T. Denis suggests that it was perhaps written by his brother Leo Phokas, then Domestic of the West.

Over the winter of 1319 – 20 Philip convened a number of meetings with French military leaders in preparation for a potential second expedition, that in turn informed Bishop William Durand's famous treatise on crusading.

* Bellifortis, late medieval treatise on military technology.

Arrian later wrote a military treatise called Ektaxis kata Alanōn, which detailed the battle against the Alans, and the Technē Taktikē in which he described how he would organise the legions and auxiliary troops at his disposal, among which legions XII Fulminata and XV Apollinaris.

" Another, Jiao Yu, was an artillery officer who later compiled a military treatise outlining the various types of gunpowder weapons.

In 1960, as Cold War tensions were near their peak following the Sputnik crisis and amidst talk of a widening " missile gap " between the U. S. and the Soviets, Kahn published On Thermonuclear War, the title of which clearly alluded to the classic 19th-century treatise on military strategy, On War, by German military strategist Carl von Clausewitz.

Although chapters 4: 9-10 have said that there is " no king in Zion ", these chapters predict a new military ruler will emerge from Bethlehem, the traditional home of the Davidic monarchy, to restore the security of Israel.

Colleges, Strongholds, and Ports are local chapters ( like a shire ) that are associated with an institution, such as a school, military base, or even a military ship at sea.

Since its launch in Paris in December 2008, Global Zero ( campaign ) has grown to 300 leaders, including current and former heads of state, national security officials and military commanders, and 400, 000 citizens worldwide ; developed a practical step-by-step plan to eliminate nuclear weapons ; launched an international student campaign with 75 campus chapters in eight countries ; and produced an acclaimed documentary film, Countdown to Zero, in partnership with Lawrence Bender and Participant Media.

At this same period he used to rise at four o ' clock in the morning to read the classics and military writers, and he translated many chapters of Polybius.

Since its launch in Paris in December 2008, Global Zero ( campaign ) has grown to 300 leaders, including current and former heads of state, national security officials and military commanders, and 400, 000 citizens worldwide ; developed a practical step-by-step plan to eliminate nuclear weapons ; launched an international student campaign with 75 campus chapters in eight countries ; and produced an acclaimed documentary film, Countdown to Zero, in partnership with Lawrence Bender and Participant Media.

Sometimes alumni chapters will sponsor a " Tattoo " or a " Stand To "-both based on nostalgic military functions designed to increase awareness of alumni initiatives.

It took root at no fewer than fourteen colleges in those latter days: Omega was founded at University of Chicago in 1864 ; Pi at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1865 ; Lambda, Bowdoin College, 1867 ; Beta, University of Virginia, 1868 ; Psi, Cornell University, 1868 ; Iota, UC Berkeley, 1870 ; Gamma, first at the US Naval Academy in 1874, and then at Syracuse College in 1875 after the government proscribed Fraternities at its military academies ; Theta Xi, University of Toronto, 1879 ; Alpha, Columbia University, 1879 ; Alpha Psi, McGill University, 1883 ; Nu, Case Western Reserve, 1884 ; Eta, Yale, 1889 ; Mu, Stanford, 1892 ; Alpha Beta, University of Minnesota, 1899 ( The establishment of the Eta chapter at Yale made Zeta Psi the only fraternity to establish chapters at all eight Ivy-League schools ).

With the assistance of other characters revealed by audio chapters, the fictional protagonists break into a secure military installation and manage to deactivate a Forerunner device which is implied to begin the firing sequence of the Halo installations.

In the final chapters, Books VI and VII give an account of Vann's return to Vietnam in 1965 and his doomed attempt to implement a war winning formula for the beleaguered U. S. army and how he eventually compromised with the military system he once criticized.

For example, individual chapters were devoted to sightings by military personnel, pilots and aviation experts, and scientists and engineers.

The Hammers of Moradin are an elite military order dominated by crusaders and fighting clerics with chapters in nearly every dwarven stronghold and members drawn from every dwarven clan.

Although not technically poliorcetica, other Byzantine military texts such as Kekaumenos's Strategikon and Nikephoros Ouranos's Taktika often include sections or chapters dealing with siege operations.

Since its launch in Paris in December 2008, Global Zero has grown to 300 leaders, including current and former heads of state, national security officials and military commanders, and 400, 000 citizens worldwide ; developed a practical step-by-step plan to eliminate nuclear weapons ; launched an international student campaign with 75 campus chapters in eight countries ; and produced an acclaimed documentary film, Countdown to Zero, in partnership with Lawrence Bender and Participant Media.

MFSO chapters have organized and built the voice of military families opposing the war in Iraq locally and regionally, with speaking programs, vigils, demonstrations, press conferences, meetings with elected officials, and many different kinds of creative actions.