Although bluetongue disease was already recognized in South Africa in the early 19th century, a comprehensive description of the disease was not published until the first decade of the 20th century.

Although there were several competing theories as to the etiology of the Black Death, recent analysis of DNA from victims in northern and southern Europe indicates that the pathogen responsible was the Yersinia pestis bacterium, which causes the Bubonic plague, although these were different, previously unknown ancestral variants of those identified in the 20th century.

Although central banks today are generally associated with fiat money, the 19th and early 20th centuries central banks in most of Europe and Japan developed under the international gold standard, elsewhere free banking or currency boards were more usual at this time.

Although founded as a preparatory and vocational school by Amos G. Throop in 1891, the college attracted influential scientists such as George Ellery Hale, Arthur Amos Noyes, and Robert Andrews Millikan in the early 20th century.

Although the concept of consilience in Whewell's sense was widely discussed by philosophers of science, the term was unfamiliar to the broader public until the end of the 20th century, when it was revived in Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge, a 1998 book by the humanist biologist Edward Osborne Wilson, as an attempt to bridge the culture gap between the sciences and the humanities that was the subject of C. P. Snow's The Two Cultures and the Scientific Revolution ( 1959 ).

Although recognized previously by others, the mathematical expression for the Coriolis force appeared in an 1835 paper by French scientist Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis, in connection with the theory of water wheels, Early in the 20th century, the term Coriolis force began to be used in connection with meteorology.

Although the first recorded dictionaries date back to Sumerian times ( these were bilingual dictionaries ), the systematic study of dictionaries as objects of scientific interest themselves is a 20th century enterprise, called lexicography, and largely initiated by Ladislav Zgusta.

Although writing exclusively in the English language, Thomas has been acknowledged as one of the most important Welsh poets of the 20th century.

Although testing medical interventions for efficacy has existed since the time of Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine in the 11th century, it was only in the 20th century that this effort evolved to impact almost all fields of health care and policy.

Although the earliest British films were of everyday events, the early 20th century saw the appearance of narrative shorts, mainly comedies and melodramas.

Although not used until the 20th century, the phrase is related to the ideas of plain speech and simplicity which Fox practiced, but motivated by the more worldly goal of eradicating war, injustice and oppression.

Although the peasants were no longer tied to the same land like serfs had been, the old paternalistic relationship in East Prussia lasted into the 20th century.

Although affected by ideologies such as communism during much of the 20th century, the Islamic identity and the dominance of Islam on political issues intensified during the early 21st century.

Although many of the legal principles governing intellectual property rights have evolved over centuries, it was not until the 19th century that the term intellectual property began to be used, and not until the late 20th century that it became commonplace in the majority of the world.

Although imperialist practices have existed for thousands of years, the term " Age of Imperialism " generally refers to the activities of nations such as the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and the United States in the early 18th through the middle 20th centuries, e. g., the " The Great Game " in Persian lands, the " Scramble for Africa " and the " Open Door Policy " in China.

Although numerous political references to the " Wizard " appeared early in the 20th century, it was in a scholarly article by Henry Littlefield, an upstate New York high school history teacher, published in 1964 that there appeared the first full-fledged interpretation of the novel as an extended political allegory of the politics and characters of the 1890s.

Although Mao's stated goals of combating bureaucracy, encouraging popular participation, and stressing China's self-reliance are generally seen as laudable — and the rapid industrialization that began during Mao's reign is credited for laying a foundation for China's development in the late 20th century — the harsh methods he used to pursue them, including torture and executions, have been widely rebuked as being ruthless and self-defeating.

Although the Saudi involvement in mosques around the world can be traced back to the 1960s, it was not until later in the 20th century that the government of Saudi Arabia became a large influence in foreign mosques.

Although his reputation was unsettled during the following centuries and his descendants were not notable, he gained standing during the 19th and 20th centuries.

Although de Marignac was able to produce tantalum-free niobium on a larger scale by 1866, it was not until the early 20th century that niobium was first used commercially, in incandescent lamp filaments.

) Although formerly operated by the U. S. Navy and known as NAVSPASUR ( short for " Naval Space Surveillance "), command passed to the Air Force 20th Space Control Squadron on October 1, 2004.

Although the okapi was unknown to the Western world until the 20th century, it was possibly depicted 2, 500 years ago on the façade of the Apadana, at Persepolis, as a gift from the Ethiopian procession to the Achaemenid kingdom.

Although many unconfirmed sightings were reported in the first decade of the 20th century.

Although major polio epidemics were unknown before the late 19th century, polio was one of the most dreaded childhood diseases of the 20th century.

Although the engineering education of the late 19th and early 20th century were scientifically founded, up until the early 20th century, research as such was not seen as a central activity of an Institute of Technology.

Although the Principate continued in theory until the reign of Diocletian, Severus Alexander's death signalled the beginning of the chaotic period known as the Crisis of the Third Century which brought the empire to near collapse.

Although still actively involved in running his many businesses, Carnegie had become a regular contributor to numerous magazines, most notably the Nineteenth Century, under the editorship of James Knowles, and the influential North American Review, led by editor Lloyd Bryce.

Although Septimius Severus successfully restored peace following the upheaval of the late 2nd century, the dynasty was disturbed by highly unstable family relationships, and constant political turmoil, foreshadowing the imminent Crisis of the Third Century.

Although the breed did not apparently experience any significant change in the 18th and 19th centuries, and was kept in its vocation as a swift hunting dog, maybe the most telling proverb which mentions the Galgo, is the one dating from the first years of the nineteenth Century:

Although sometimes mentioned in subsequent rulings, the clear and present danger test was never endorsed by the Supreme Court as a test to be used by lower courts when evaluating the constitutionality of legislation that regulated speech .< ref name = K60 > Killian, pp 1096, 1100 .</ br > Currie, David P., The Constitution in the Supreme Court: The Second Century, 1888-1986, Volume 2, University of Chicago Press, 1994, p 269, ISBN 9780226131122 .</ br > Konvitz, Milton Ridvad, Fundamental Liberties of a Free People: Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, Transaction Publishers, 2003, p 304, ISBN 9780765809544. Eastland, p 47 .</ ref >

Although this was the only application stated by Captain Kirk in " The Return of the Archons ", by the 24th Century, it had been indicated to include purposeful efforts to improve or change in any way the natural course of such a society, even if that change is well-intentioned and kept completely secret.

Although Holst had no such patriotic intentions when he originally composed the music, these adaptations have encouraged others to draw upon the score in similar ways throughout the 20th Century.

Although contracted forms of the name are attested since the 15th Century, it was not until this period that the modern form of the name came into common use.

Although Annas is not mentioned by name in the plot to kill Lazarus, several 19th Century writers such as Johann Nepomuk Sepp and the Abbé Drioux, considered that there may be a concealed reference to Annas in the parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus which points at a " Rich man " with five sons.

Although settlers gradually arrived, the county was dominated by ranching the remainer of the 19th Century.

Although the Five Civilized Tribes of the Indian Territory opposed their incorporation within an American state, by the turn of the Twentieth Century statehood of some sort appeared inevitable.

Although the use of coal waned in the late 1980s and early 1990s, as the 21st Century rolled around, the coal-mining industry in Muhlenberg and surrounding counties began to expand again and has once again provided a significant number of jobs in the region.

Although his political involvement upset the owners of the film studios, he continued to be given work and in 1947 became one of the highest paid scriptwriters in Hollywood when he signed a contract with 20th Century Fox at $ 2, 000 a week.

Although the borough is heavily residential, it is home to one of America's oldest traditional amusement parks, Kennywood Park ; the fourth largest shopping mall in the region, Century III ; advanced naval nuclear propulsion technology research and development facility, Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory ; monorail manufacturer Bombardier ; US Steel's Irvin Plant ; Community College of Allegheny County's South Campus ; the Allegheny County Airport ; and various other businesses and industries.

Although it was still much smaller than Fox, Twentieth Century was the senior partner in the merger.

Although the present day state of Oklahoma was Indian Territory until the early 20th Century, many of these Native-Americans were from the southeastern United States and became culturally assimilated early on.

Although the Bermuda sloop is often described as a development of the narrower-beamed Jamaica sloop, which dates from the 1670s, the high, raked masts and triangular sails of the Bermuda rig are rooted in a tradition of Bermudian boat design dating from the earliest decades of the 17th Century.

Although such small sloops are rare, today ( the one pictured at right is a 19th Century survivor ), the design was scaled down to produce the Bermuda Fitted Dinghy, a class of racing vessel used in traditional competition between Bermudian yacht clubs.

Although Beebe and Barton performed no dives in 1933, their work gathered a large amount of publicity when the Bathysphere was displayed in a special exhibit for the American Museum of Natural History, and later at the Century of Progress World's Fair in Chicago, where they shared the fair's Hall of Science with Auguste Piccard.

Although there were a number of department stores in Australia for much of the 20th Century, today Myer and David Jones, located nationally, are practically the national department stores duopoly in Australia.

Although the dictionary was never again revised or expanded, an abridged edition with new words, The New Century Dictionary ( edited by H. G.

Although Qing is the last Chinese Dynasty, this did not mean that Classical Chinese poetry ended co-terminously with the end of the imperial period, indeed Mao Zedong of the Communist Party of China was a major exponent and practitioner of Classical Chinese poetry well into the Twentieth Century.

Although the concept of Space Colonization was not introduced by Gundam shows, the Universal Century series did spark academic research on the possibilities of different colonization methods.

Although Abell was credited for playing on the album, bassist Keith Menser appears on the back cover, because Century Media demanded the touring line-up to appear on the cover.