Although in 2002 the NYSE and the NASDAQ required that nominating committees consist of independent directors as a condition of listing, nomination committees have historically received input from management in their selections even when the CEO does not have a position on the board.

Although there is no strong evidence for any single theory, many independent theories exist, some blaming storms, some capsizing, and some suggesting that wartime enemy activity was to blame for the loss.

Although 19th-century ethnologists saw " diffusion " and " independent invention " as mutually exclusive and competing theories, most ethnographers quickly reached a consensus that both processes occur, and that both can plausibly account for cross-cultural similarities.

Although the newly independent provinces formed a Federation, border disputes broke out among them, adding to the region's turbulent history and conditions.

Although the VCheKa was officially an independent organization from the NKVD, its main members such as Dzerzhinsky, Latsis, Unszlicht, and Uritsky ( all main chekists ), since November 1917 composed the collegiate of NKVD headed by Petrovsky.

Although a majority of distributism's later supporters were not Catholics and many were in fact former radical socialists who had become disillusioned with socialism ; distributist thought was adopted by the Catholic Worker Movement, conjoining it with the thought of Dorothy Day and Peter Maurin concerning localized and independent communities.

Although this is an independent definition that does not refer to the older basis of ephemeris time, it uses the same quantity as the value of the ephemeris second measured by the cesium clock in 1958.

Although independent of the IGI, the AF and PRF often contain duplications of IGI records.

Although heavily outnumbered by Portuguese troops ( approximately 30, 000 Portuguese to some 10, 000 guerrillas ), the PAIGe had the great advantage of safe havens over the border in Senegal and Guinea, both recently independent of French rule.

Although they are thought to have been used in Europe much earlier, gambesons underwent a revolution from their first proven use in the late 11th and early 12th centuries as an item of armour that simply facilitated the wearing of mail to an item of independent armour popular amongst infantry.

Although his work was not initially taken seriously by British critics of the Sight and Sound circle, he was venerated by French critics associated with Cahiers du cinéma, who intellectualized his work in a way Hawks himself was moderately amused by, and he was also admired by more independent British writers such as Robin Wood.

Although the HBC maintained a monopoly on the fur trade during the early mid 19th century there was competition from James Sinclair and Andrew McDermot ( Dermott ), independent traders in the Red River Colony.

Although Haiti actively assisted the independence movements of many Latin American countries – and secured a promise from the great liberator, Simón Bolívar, that he would free their slaves after winning independence from Spain – the nation of former slaves was excluded from the hemisphere's first regional meeting of independent nations, held in Panama in 1826.

Although organised around the Hilchot of the Rif, it is, in fact, an independent work.

Although these projects were satisfying, Pei wanted to establish an independent name for himself.

Although he is often characterized as an " architect " exclusively, as James Beck has observed, " to single out one of Leon Battista's ' fields ' over others as somehow functionally independent and self-sufficient is of no help at all to any effort to characterize Alberti's extensive explorations in the fine arts.

Although droplets are manipulated in confined microfluidic channels, since the control on droplets is not independent, it should not be confused as " digital microfluidics ".

Although Azawad, a region spanning the expansive north of Mali, was proclaimed independent in April 2012 by Tuareg rebels, Mali has not recognised the de facto state.

Although most of a cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus, the mitochondrion has its own independent genome.

Although the island was ruled as a virtual fiefdom, its owner never claimed to be independent of the United Kingdom, so Lundy can at best be described as a precursor to later territorial micronations.

Although both Finkelstein and Silberman accept that David and Solomon were real kings of Judah about the 10th century BC, they claim that the earliest independent reference to the Kingdom of Israel is about 890 BC, and for Judah about 750 BC.

Although satellite states were independent and possessed sovereignty, the Soviet Union often violated principles of self-determination by suppressing the Hungarian revolution of 1956 and the Prague Spring Czechoslovak reforms of 1968.

Although independent and often at conflict with each other, these guerrilla bands — along with a few others — all became generally known as " Contras " ( short for "", en.

Although the Taiwan Power Company ( Taipower ), state-owned enterprise, is in charge of providing electricity for the Taiwan area, a 1994 measure has allowed independent power producers ( IPPs ) to provide up to 20 % of the island's energy needs.

Although most of Ukraine fell under Bolshevik control and eventually became one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union, Poland and the Baltic states emerged as independent countries.

Although we continue to pay our conversational devotions to `` free private enterprise '', `` individual initiative '', `` the democratic way '', `` government of the people '', `` competition of the marketplace '', etc., we live rather comfortably in a society in which economic competition is diminishing in large areas, bureaucracy is corroding representative government, technology is weakening the citizen's confidence in his own power to make decisions, and the threat of war is driving him economically and physically into the ground ''.

Although faculties insist on governing themselves, they grant little prestige to a member who actively participates in college or university government.

Although the government was probably prepared for elections by mid-1958, the first decision was no doubt made more difficult as party strife multiplied.

Although we enjoyed our rounds of the government offices in Vientiane, with officials offering tea and pleasing conversation in French, we were getting nowhere.

Although freedom of the press and speech are guaranteed, the government maintains its monopoly over television and radio broadcasting.

Although, Prince Mstilav defeated the royal armies, but finally he agreed to cede the government of the principality to the Hungarian prince.

Although officially declassified, the original film taken by U. S. Corona spy satellite in the 1960s has been altered prior to declassification ; in answer to freedom of information queries, the government responds that these exposures ( which map to Groom and the entire NAFR ) appear to have been destroyed .< ref >

Although there have been no new entrants into the fixed line industry, the government issued three licenses under the new regime to cellular telephone service providers.

Although a 1990 law authorizes private radio and television stations, the government has not granted any licenses as of March 1998.

Although the economy operates on a free-market basis, the lack of private and government investment, shortages of skilled labor and experienced managers, and inflation and the devaluation of the Turkish lira continue to plague the economy.

Although the PRC needs economic growth to spur its development, the government has begun to worry that rapid economic growth has negatively impacted the country's resources and environment.

Although Chamberlain survived this, the reputation of his administration was so badly damaged that it was clear that a coalition government was necessary.

Although Attlee's second government was less radical than the first, it oversaw the passage of a number of reforms relating to issues such as industry in development areas, the restoration of land which had been devastated by ironstone pollution, and river pollution.

Although the system established by the Sitges agreement was phased out by 1974, the 1886 Colombian constitution — in effect until 1991 — required that the losing political party be given adequate and equitable participation in the government which, according to many observers and later analysis, eventually resulted in some increase in corruption and legal relaxation.

Although sometimes referred to as a coalition government, according to the definition above, it was not.

Although classical liberalism built on ideas that had already developed by the end of the 18th century, it advocated a specific kind of society, government and public policy as a response to the Industrial Revolution and urbanization.

Although classical liberals aspired to a minimum of state activity, they accepted the principle of government intervention in the economy from the early 19th century with passage of the Factory Acts.

Although he did not hold a formal executive position in the government, Chiang continued to issue orders to the army, and many officers continued to obey Chiang rather than Li.

Although nominally it exists alongside the United Front, a coalition of governing political parties, in practice, the CPC is the only party in the PRC, maintaining a unitary government and centralizing the state, military, and media.

Although Dominican relations with its closest neighbor, the Republic of Haiti, have never been extensive, there are signs this would have changed with the government of President Hipólito Mejía.

Although the German government tried to issue as many of its members as possible with military uniforms of all sort, ranging from field gray to camouflage, these could not be provided to all its members, thus many members of the Volkssturm wore makeshift paramilitary uniforms or uniforms from their civilian jobs ( such as train conductors of the Reichsbahn ).

Although Ecuador began to improve economically in the following months, the government of Noboa came under heavy fire for the continuation of the dollarization policy, its disregard for social problems and other important issues in Ecuadorean politics.

Although the attacks did not pose a threat to the stability of the Government of Eritrea ( the infiltrators have generally been killed or captured by government forces ), the Eritreans believe the National Islamic Front ( NIF ) in Khartoum supported, trained, and armed the insurgents.

Although Emperor Haile Selassie agreed to an agreement with the British government to help him restore order to Ethiopia, which benefited him in crushing the Woyane Rebellion, he patiently worked to its eventual termination.