Although his paper was widely cited, a random selection of 60 of these citations revealed that 29 of the papers were direct rebuttals or criticisms of Jensen's arguments, 8 cited the paper as an " example of controversy ," 8 used it as a background reference.

Although these works were not actually composed with a computer in the modern sense, it uses a rudimentary form of the random combinatorial techniques sometimes used in computer-generated composition.

Although bananas are less subject to the vagaries of international markets than coffee, natural disasters such as Hurricane Fifi in 1974, drought, and disease have appeared with a regular, albeit random, frequency to take their economic toll through severely diminished harvests.

Although related, the distinctions among these measures mean that a random variable with high Shannon entropy is not necessarily satisfactory for use in an extractor and so for cryptography uses.

Although encountering the flaw was extremely rare in practice ( Byte magazine estimated that 1 in 9 billion floating point divides with random parameters would produce inaccurate results ),< ref > both the flaw and Intel's initial handling of the matter were heavily criticized.

Although it seems to lack any definite pattern, pseudo random noise consists of a deterministic sequence of pulses that will repeat itself after its period.

Although painterly generally refers to a certain use of paint in art, it happens that some forms of sculpture make use of apparently random surface effects which, if not exactly resembling brushstrokes, contain the traits of painterliness ( see Wood as a medium ).

Although sequences that are closer to truly random can be generated using hardware random number generators, pseudorandom numbers are important in practice for their speed in number generation and their reproducibility, and they are thus central in applications such as simulations ( e. g., of physical systems with the Monte Carlo method ), in cryptography, and in procedural generation.

Although software implementations vary, most versions label the hands with a number ( derived from the random number seed used to generate the hand ).

Although there exists a value at location that could be measured, geostatistics considers this value as random since it was not measured, or has not been measured yet.

Although the Whammy animations were picked at random, one of three special Whammy animations would appear anytime a contestant was eliminated from the game beginning in the second season.

Although jitter is a random variable, it is the sum of several other random variables that are at least somewhat independent: the individual queuing delays of the routers along the Internet path in question.

Although, the development is not claimed to be of the same random nature as is by evolutionary genetics.

Although dice have been mostly used in gambling, and in more recent times as " randomizing " elements in games ( e. g. role playing games ), the Victorian scientist Francis Galton described a way to use dice to explicitly generate random numbers for scientific purposes in 1890.

Although it has no form, it is not just random sounds in a Jewish mode — the musician works with very particular references to Jewish prayer and East European laments.

Although ' American Liberty ' is marketed as a single variety, nurseries selling the " Liberty Elm " actually distribute the six cultivars at random and thus, unfortunately, the resistance of any particular tree cannot be known.

Although any citizen of Xanth can enter Mundania at any time through an isthmus in the northwest, Mundanes enter the isthmus in Xanth from random geographic locations and time periods throughout history.

Although quadratic residues appear to occur in a rather random pattern modulo n, and this has been exploited in such applications as acoustics and cryptography, their distribution also exhibits some striking regularities.

Although retrotransposons usually create copies of themselves, it has been shown in an in vitro system that they can create retrotransposed copies of random genes, too.

Although the treap and the randomized binary search tree both have the same random distribution of tree shapes after each update, the history of modifications to the trees performed by these two data structures over a sequence of insertion and deletion operations may be different.

Although the probability of an ELS in a random place being a meaningful word is small, there are so many possible starting points and skip patterns that many such words can be expected to appear, depending on the details chosen for the experiment, and that it is possible to " tune " an ELS experiment to achieve a result which appears to exhibit patterns that overcome the level of noise.

Although the standard deviation values on which spread of the lines is based are relatively larger for those centers which begin to ossify early ( Table 1 ), there are considerable differences in this value between centers having the closely timed Onsets.

Although the lowest salinity values are just north of the equator ( because of heavy tropical rainfall ), in general the lowest values are in the high latitudes and along coasts where large rivers enter.

Although the VPI / VCI values are not necessarily consistent from one end of the connection to the other, the concept of a circuit is consistent ( unlike IP, where any given packet could get to its destination by a different route than the others ).

Although the absolute numerical values of astronomical and historical years only differ by one before year 1, this difference is critical when calculating astronomical events like eclipses or planetary conjunctions to determine when historical events which mention them occurred.

Although much of the watershed is rural and sparsely populated, areas with recreational and scenic values are growing rapidly.

Although the sample values x < sub > i </ sub > will be concentrated about the central value x < sub > 0 </ sub >, the sample mean will become increasingly variable as more samples are taken, because of the increased likelihood of encountering sample points with a large absolute value.

Although the movements have separate values and goals, people in both the open source community and free software community collaborate when it comes to practical projects.

Although there would be no point in encoding the file that way, something similar typically happens for bi-color images: the minimum symbol width is 2, even if only values 0 and 1 are used.

Although leaders may be required to undertake managerial duties as well, leaders typically focus on inspiring followers and creating a shared organizational culture and values.

Although Kemp tried to appeal to the conservatives, his libertarian philosophies of tolerance and individual rights and his commitment to supporting minorities, women, blue-collar workers and organized labor clashed with conservative voters ' social and religious values.

; Although the problem can be solved by using strictly integer subscripts and values, this program is

Although natural law is often conflated with common law, the two are distinct in that natural law is a view that certain rights or values are inherent in or universally cognizable by virtue of human reason or human nature, while common law is the legal tradition whereby certain rights or values are legally cognizable by virtue of judicial recognition or articulation.

Although he has expressed admiration for many of the values promoted by secular humanism, Singer believes it to be incomplete and promotes a preference utilitarian view he calls " personism " instead.

Although IBM used EBCDIC, most text from then on came to be encoded in ASCII, using values from 0 to 31 for ( non-printing ) control characters, and values from 32 to 127 for graphic characters such as letters, digits, and punctuation.

Although Singapore's laws are inherited from British and British Indian laws, including many elements of English common law, the PAP has also consistently rejected liberal democratic values, which it typifies as Western and states that there should not be a ' one-size-fits-all ' solution to a democracy.

Although Christian values were notably present in several members ' work, there were also irreligious members of the discussion group.

Although The Diamond Age explores the role of technology and personal relationships in child development, its deeper and darker themes also probe the relative values of cultures ( which Stephenson explores in his other novels as well ) and the shortcomings in communication between them.

Although goal attainment is in theory based on five measures ( level and distribution of health, level and distribution of " responsiveness " and " fairness of financial contribution "), the actual values assigned to most countries, including Canada, were never directly measured.

Although he related various miraculous feats of Apollonius, he emphasized at the same time that his hero was not a magician, but a serious philosopher and a champion of traditional Greek values.

Although the May Fourth Movement did find partial success at removing Chinese traditional culture, there were still proponents who steadfastly argued that China's traditions and values should be the fundamental foundation of the nation.

Although in the extreme cases of perfect rank correlation the two coefficients are both equal ( being both + 1 or both − 1 ) this is not in general so, and values of the two coefficients cannot meaningfully be compared.