Amino acids (,, or ) are biologically important molecules made from amine (- NH < sub > 2 </ sub >) and carboxylic acid (- COOH ) functional groups, along with a side-chain specific to each amino acid.

Amino acids having both the amine and carboxylic acid groups attached to the first, or alpha, carbon atom have particular importance in biochemistry.

Amino acids are usually classified by the properties of their side-chain into four groups.

Amino acids also exist as zwitterions in the solid phase, and crystallize with salt-like properties unlike typical organic acids or amines.

Amino acids have zero mobility in electrophoresis at their isoelectric point, although this behaviour is more usually exploited for peptides and proteins than single amino acids.

Amino acids are the structural units that make up proteins.

Amino acids can be joined together via a peptide bond.

Amino acids that share the same biosynthetic pathway tend to have the same first base in their codons.

Amino acids with similar physical properties tend to have similar codons.

Amino acids that make up proteins may be positive, negative, neutral, or polar in nature, and together give a protein its overall charge.

Amino acids are natural monomers that polymerize at ribosomes to form proteins.

* Amino acids: glutamate, aspartate, D-serine, γ-aminobutyric acid ( GABA ), glycine

Amino acids are also an important dietary source of nitrogen.

Amino acids which have been incorporated into a peptide are termed " residues "; every peptide has a N-terminus and C-terminus residue on the ends of the peptide ( except for cyclic peptides ).

Amino acids are selected, collected and carried to the ribosome by transfer RNA ( tRNA molecules ), which enter one part of the ribosome and bind to the messenger RNA chain.

Amino acids vary in their ability to form the various secondary structure elements.

Amino acids are the best-known examples of zwitterions.

Amino acids interact with each other to produce a well-defined three-dimensional structure, the folded protein ( the right hand side of the figure ), known as the native state.

* Amino acids and their salts:

Category: Amino acids

Key: Single letters: Amino acid # Table of standard amino acid abbreviations and side chain properties | amino acids.

* Amino acids, peptides, proteins

Amino acids are brought to ribosomes and assembled into proteins.

Amino acids and proteins can only be built from NH < sub > 4 </ sub >< sup >+</ sup > so NO < sub > 3 </ sub >< sup >–</ sup > must be reduced.

Amino acids are the necessary " building block " molecules for proteins.

Amino acids are poor modular building blocks because they don ’ t act independently and there is a fundamental lack of understanding about the relationship between linear amino acid sequences and the folding and functionality of proteins.

* A Production of Amino Acids Under Possible Primitive Earth Conditions by Stanley L. Miller, Science, v. 117, May 15, 1953

Amino acids are then chained together by the ribosome according to order of triplets in the coding region.

Amino acids containing a secondary amine group ( the only proteinogenic amino acid of this type is proline ) are sometimes named imino acids, though this usage is disputed by some.

They released their self-titled debut album in 2003, followed by Amino Acid Flashback in 2005, and Circus of Sound in 2008.

* Amino acids: transported by ciliary elial cells.

Ozzy and Drix were rescued by Maria Amino and some other police cells, but in the process, Scarlet entered the body.

Amino acid similarity matrices are more complicated, because there are 20 amino acids coded for by the genetic code.

is a six episode original video animation ( OVA ) anime series produced by Ashi Productions and directed by Tetsurō Amino.

One of the first experiments by Dr. Fox and Kaoru Harada that had to do with the formation of proteinoids was called Thermal Copolymerization of Amino Acids to a Product Resembling Protein.

Amino acids and lactic acid are used to synthesize new G6P in liver cells by the process of gluconeogenesis.

Amino acids that are required for antibody binding can be identified by a loss of reactivity and mapped onto protein structures to visualize epitopes.

A recent study, by researchers in Peoria, IL, published in Pediatrics in 2008, demonstrated that using a higher rate of lipid ( fats and / or oils ) infusion for very low birth weight infants in the first week of life resulted in zero infants developing NEC in the experimental group, compared with 14 % with NEC in the control group ( They started the experimental group at 2 g / kg / d of 20 % IVFE and increased within two days to 3 g / kg / d ; Amino acids were started at 3 g / kg / d and increased to 3. 5 ).

Amino acid residues that are responsible for the binding of SP and its antagonists are present in the extracellular loops and transmembrane regions of NK-1.

Amino acid residues within the pro-region mediate their membrane association, and play a role in the transport of the proenzyme to lysosomes.

Amino acid residues 1-3 form a parallel beta-strand with residues 214-217 of thrombin, the nitrogen atom of residue 1 making a hydrogen bond with the Ser-195 O gamma atom of the catalytic site.

Amino acid residues with similar properties are colored accordingly.