Among the Turkmen leaders the Ottomans emerged as great power under Osman and his son Orhan I. Smyrna was conquered in 1330 AD, and the last Byzantine possession, Philadélphia ( modern Alaşehir ), fell in 1390 AD.

Among the scripts in modern use, the Hebrew alphabet bears the closest relation to the Imperial Aramaic script of the 5th century BCE, with an identical letter inventory and, for the most part, nearly identical letter shapes.

Among the most exciting recent archaeological discoveries in Greece is the recognition that the sanctuary site near the modern village of Kalapodi is not only the site of the oracle of Apollon at Abai but that it was in constant use for cult practices from early Mycenaean times to the Roman period.

Among the Baltic peoples are modern Lithuanians, Latvians ( including Latgalians ) — all Eastern Balts — as well as the Prussians, Yotvingians and Galindians — the Western Balts — whose languages and cultures are now extinct.

Among modern humans, cannibalism has been practiced by various groups.

Among the official changes to the organization during the modern area include the ordination of black men to the priesthood in 1978, reversing a policy originally instituted by Brigham Young.

Among the more famous regiments in the lineages of modern Indian and Pakistani Armies are: The charge of the 21st Lancers at Battle of Omdurman | Omdurman

Among the first manufacturers of modern cornets were Parisian Jean Asté in 1828.

Among the chief ecclesiastical centres named in the records are Dunkeld, probably seat of the bishop of the kingdom, and Cell Rígmonaid ( modern St Andrews ).

Among these were some surprisingly sophisticated principles, and a modern mathematician might be hard put to derive some of them without the use of calculus.

Among modern critics, Steve Biodrowski of Cinefantastique wrote, " In the end, Destroy All Monsters is too slim in its storyline, too thin in its characterizations, to be considered a truly great film.

Among modern critics of the theory of Great Man one should mention Sidney Hook, whose book The Hero in History is devoted to the role of the hero and in history and influence of the outstanding persons.

Among modern languages, cases still feature prominently in most of the Balto-Slavic languages, with most having six to eight cases, as well as Icelandic, German and Modern Greek, which have four.

Among these was the Maison " Citrohan ", a pun on the name of the French Citroën automaker, for the modern industrial methods and materials Le Corbusier advocated using for the house.

Among modern scholars it is a matter of debate whether the Aztec narratives of Toltec history should be given credence as descriptions of actual historical events.

Among the earliest evidence of the game are fragments of a pottery board and several rock cuts found in Aksumite Ethiopia in Matara ( now in Eritrea ) and Yeha ( in Ethiopia ), which are dated by archaeologists to between the 6th and 7th century AD ; the game may have been mentioned by Giyorgis of Segla in his 14th century Ge ' ez text " Mysteries of Heaven and Earth ," where he refers to a game called qarqis, a term used in Ge ' ez to refer to both Gebet ' a ( Mancala ) and Sant ' araz ( modern sent ' erazh, Ethiopian Chess ).

Among Latter-day Saints the idea of " spirit birth " was described in its modern doctrinal form in 1909, when the First Presidency of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints issued the following statement:

Among his notable works were the creation of the modern version of Santa Claus and the political symbol of the elephant for the Republican Party.

Among the two major parties, the Democratic Party generally positions itself as left-of-center in American politics and supports a modern liberal platform, while the Republican Party generally positions itself as right-of-center and supports a conservative platform.

Among the foremost modern players of the viol are Claire Bracher, Alison Crum, Vittorio Ghielmi, Jérôme Hantaï, Lixsania Fernández, Wieland Kuijken, Paolo Pandolfo, Hille Perl and Jordi Savall.

Among some of the better known polka ( and waltzes ) artists and composers include Happy Louie and Julie, Frankie Yankovic, Walter Ostanek ( Canada ), Verne Meisner, Mike Schneider, Tom Brusky, Walt Groller, Joey Miskulin, Jimmy Sturr, Kyle Redman Polka Band, and ( in combination with more modern styles ) " Weird Al " Yankovic ( no known relation to Frankie Yankovic ) and The Our Gang Orchestra.

Among his lasting contributions were his writings on natural history and philosophy, where he anticipated the methods and findings of ecology and environmental history, two sources of modern day environmentalism.

Among modern scholars it is a matter of debate whether the Aztec narratives of Toltec history should be given credence as descriptions of actual historical events.

Among many schools established in that time, the Kiev-Mogila Collegium ( the predecessor of modern Kyiv-Mohyla Academy ), founded by the Orthodox Metropolitan Peter Mogila ( Petro Mohyla ), was the most important.

Among the recipients of the Nobel Prize for Literature more than half are practically unknown to readers of English.

Among the changes starting in the 19th-century gold rushes was the introduction of words, spellings, terms and usages from North American English.

Among Canova's English pupils were sculptors Sir Richard Westmacott and John Gibson.

Among those noted by the Irish annals, the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle are Ívarr — Ímar in Irish sources — who was active from East Anglia to Ireland, Halfdán — Albdann in Irish, Healfdene in Old English — and Amlaíb or Óláfr.

Among his other works is The Grey Room, the plot of which is centered on a haunted room in an English manor house.

The English translation appeared in 1896 as Among the Gnomes: An Occult Tale of Adventure in the Untersberg.

Among the most famous composers who wrote for the harpsichord were the members of English virginal school of the late Renaissance, notably William Byrd ( ca.

* Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men English translation

In the seventeenth century laudanum was recommended for pain, sleeplessness, and diarrhea by Thomas Sydenham, the renowned " father of English medicine " or " English Hippocrates ," to whom is attributed the quote, " Among the remedies which it has pleased Almighty God to give to man to relieve his sufferings, none is so universal and so efficacious as opium.

Among the Paleo-orthodoxy and emerging church Presbyterians, clergy are moving away from the traditional black Geneva gown and reclaiming not only the more ancient Eucharist vestments of alb and chasuble, but also cassock and surplice ( typically a full length Old English style surplice which resembles the Celtic alb, an ungirdled liturgical tunic of the old Gallican Rite ).

Among Whorf's well known examples of linguistic relativity are examples of instances where an indigenous language has several terms for a concept that is only described with one word in English and other European languages ( Whorf used the acronym SAE " Standard Average European " to allude to the rather similar grammatical structures of the well-studied European languages in contrast to the greater diversity of the less-studied languages ).

Among them were the astronomer Tycho Brahe, the chemical physician Paracelsus, the Irish philosopher Robert Boyle, and the English philosophers Thomas Browne and Isaac Newton.

Among leading dictionaries and encyclopedias, the Canadian Oxford Dictionary prefers " website ", and the Oxford English Dictionary changed to " website " in 2004.

Among these characters were Stavros, a Greek restaurant owner with fractured English ; and Loadsamoney, an obnoxious, Cockney plasterer who constantly boasted about how much money he earned.

Among native English speakers, many different accents exist.

Among experts and the general public, there is a debate as to how specific years of the 21st century should be pronounced in English.

Among those influenced were the Russian Alexander Afanasyev ( first published in 1866 ), the Norwegians Peter Christen Asbjørnsen and Jørgen Moe ( first published in 1845 ), the Romanian Petre Ispirescu ( first published in 1874 ), the English Joseph Jacobs ( first published in 1890 ), and Jeremiah Curtin, an American who collected Irish tales ( first published in 1890 ).

Among the main achievements of the reign of Edward I were the reforms of the institution of the English Parliament and its transformation into a source for generating revenues.

126 Among the rarities .. was some fine ice cream, which, with the strawberries and milk, eat most deliciously .< ref name = oed >" ice cream, n ." The Oxford English Dictionary.

Among other events of the 17th century, the Bandanese attempted independent trade with the English, and the East-India Company's response was to decimate the native population of the Banda Islands, sending the survivors fleeing to other islands, and then installing slave labour.

Among these were the teeth of a reptile / mammal hybrid, Plagiaulax dawsoni, " found " in 1891 ( and whose teeth had been filed down in the same way that the teeth of Piltdown man would be some 20 years later ), the so-called " shadow figures " on the walls of Hastings Castle, a unique hafted stone axe, the Bexhill boat ( a hybrid seafaring vessel ), the Pevensey bricks ( allegedly the latest datable " finds " from Roman Britain ), the contents of the Lavant Caves ( a fraudulent " flint mine "), the Beauport Park " Roman " statuette ( a hybrid iron object ), the Bulverhythe Hammer ( shaped with an iron knife in the same way as the Piltdown elephant bone implement would later be ), a fraudulent " Chinese " bronze vase, the Brighton " Toad in the Hole " ( a toad entombed within a flint nodule ), the English Channel sea serpent, the Uckfield Horseshoe ( another hybrid iron object ) and the Lewes Prick Spur.

Among the letters given to the Grand Pensionary, by mistake was included one containing the secret English instructions to their contacts in the Orange party, outlining plans for an overthrow of the States regime.

Among English speakers, " breakfast " can be used to refer to this meal, or, less commonly, to refer to a meal composed of traditional breakfast foods ( eggs, oatmeal, sausages, etc.