Research also shows that when a laboring woman was supported by a female helper such as a family member or doula during labor, she had less need for chemical pain relief, the likelihood of caesarean section was reduced, use of forceps and other instrumental deliveries were reduced, there was a reduction in the length of labor, and the baby had a higher Apgar score ( Dellman 2004, Vernon 2006 ).

Virginia Apgar ( 7 June 1909 – 7 August 1974 ) was an American pediatric anesthesiologist.

The youngest of three children, Apgar was born and raised in Westfield, New Jersey, graduating from Westfield High School in 1925.

The Apgar score was devised in 1952 by the eponymous Dr. Virginia Apgar as a simple and repeatable method to quickly and summarily assess the health of newborn children immediately after birth.

On behalf of the March of Dimes, Virginia Apgar testified to the United States Senate in 1969 about the importance of federal funding of a rubella immunization program, and the organization funded a vaccine, which was licensed in the early 1970s.

The Houghton College of Fine Arts ( CFA ) was designed with his donations by Robertson Strong Apgar Architects which included a concert hall, art gallery, multi-floor gathering space, and various choir and instrumental practice rooms.

After birth, rapid or labored breathing, cyanosis, slow heartbeat, a barrel-shaped chest or low Apgar score are all signs of the syndrome.

Examples are Avogadro's number, the Diesel engine, meitnerium, Alzheimer's disease, and the Apgar score.

The Apgar score is a measure of a newborn's transition from the uterus during the first minutes after birth.

To the public, however, she is best known as the developer of the Apgar score, a method of assessing the health of newborn babies that has drastically reduced infant mortality over the world.

* Apgar score, method to quickly and summarily assess the health of newborn children immediately after childbirth

* Virginia Apgar ( 1909-1974 ), American physician, developer of the Apgar score

The Apgar score is determined by evaluating the newborn baby on five simple criteria on a scale from zero to two, then summing up the five values thus obtained.

The resulting Apgar score ranges from zero to 10.

# REDIRECT Apgar score

Most studies found a slight, but statistically significant, difference in Apgar score for infants at five minutes.

# REDIRECT Apgar score

* Apgar score – Virginia Apgar

* Apgar score

A recent study distinguishes between mild and severe polyhydramnios and showed that Apgar score of less than 7, perinatal death and structural malformations only occurred in women with severe polyhydramnios.

* Virginia Apgar ( Apgar score )

Care providers immediately assign an Apgar score and proceed with any needed suctioning or stimulation, but usually postpone further procedures to allow the infant to start breastfeeding, and to have skin-to-skin contact with the mother.

In 1952 Dr. Virginia Apgar described the Apgar score scoring system as a means of evaluating a newborn's condition.

There is research to support the beneficial effects of doulas on both maternal and newborn or infant health, including shorter delivery, fewer caesarean sections and complications, the use of fewer medications and fetal extraction tools, improved Apgar scores, less time in neonatal intensive care units, positive psychological benefits for mothers, more satisfying birth experiences, and increased breastfeeding.

Epidural analgesia has no statistically significant impact on the risk of caesarean section, and does not appear to have an immediate effect on neonatal status as determined by Apgar scores.

* Mahlon Apgar, IV, expert on housing, infrastructure, and real estate

He supervised the surgical residency of Virginia Apgar, later advising her to pursue her medical career in the field of anaesthesiology because he knew that surgery depended on advancements in this field to progress, and he saw in Apgar the ' energy and ability ' to make a significant contribution.

Apgar went on to devise the Apgar Score, by which the health of newborns is evaluated, changing the face of neonatal medicine.

When used for labor analgesia, the Analgizer allows labor to progress normally and with no apparent adverse effect on Apgar scores.

Perinatal outcome is more complicated to assess due to the low incidence of mortality and the subjectivity of Apgar scoring.

The early chapters detail the Schuylers ' introduction into New York society and the engagement between Emma and John Day Apgar, a wealthy but rather dull young lawyer and scion of a leading New York family.

Emma and Denise become close friends but after Denise dies in childbirth Emma breaks off her engagement to Apgar and marries Sanford instead.

* Virginia Apgar, M. D., the creator of the Apgar Score, joined the March of Dimes in 1959 and eventually served as vice president for medical affairs

He also worked with Dr. Hibbert as an anesthesiologist during Bart's appendectomy ( in ' Round Springfield ) but was of little help as he accidentally anesthetized himself instead.

Santiago was born in Manila, Philippines, on June 10, 1965, the third of six sons of an anesthesiologist.

He was buried in an unmarked grave until 2004 when Peoria, Illinois anesthesiologist Jeremy Krock contacted members of the Society for American Baseball Research to try and get a proper headstone on the grave of Crutchfield, who originally comes from the same town as Krock.

The next day a tubal ligation was performed on her by Dr. John H. Hines, M. D., assisted by Dr. Harry M. Covell, M. D., and anesthesiologist Dr. John C. Harvey, M. D.

Gabriel Georges Nahas ( March 4, 1920 – June 28, 2012 ) was an anesthesiologist known for his advocacy against marijuana use and for the illegality of drugs.

He certainly didn't want a wife who was fickle as Ann.

He knew who was riding after him -- the men he had known all his life, the men who had worked for him, sworn their loyalty to him.

He was riding between two warriors, who held him erect when he started to slump.

It was, I felt, possible that they were men who, having received no tickets for that day, had remained in the hall, to sleep perhaps, in the corners farthest removed from the counter with its overhead light.

Hague, like all who worked near the pits, was partly deafened from the constant assault against his eardrums.

Facing the forest now, she who had not dared to enter it before, walked between two trees at random and headed in what she believed was the direction of the pool.

Donna, his young wife, the girl who was both daughter and wife to him.

Lewis was a man who had made a full-time job of cow stealing.

He was a man, those neighbors testified later, who didn't have a friend in the world.

But to the cattlemen who had been facing bankruptcy from rustling losses and to the cowboys who had been faced with lay-offs a few years earlier, he was becoming a vastly different type of legendary figure.

Then, with a glory that almost wiped out the deep, downward sags in her careworn face, Matilda leaned over the wheel and shouted to Hez, who was stumbling along in the heat and the dust on the opposite side of the wagon `` Pa!!

Out in the center of the circle the farmer, who was Dan, wasted no time when they came to the line, `` The farmer choose his wife ''.

`` Gyp Carmer couldn't have known about Colcord's money unless he was told -- and who else would have told him ''??

Mrs. Roebuck smilingly declined and began suddenly to go on about her son, who was `` onleh a little younguh than you bawhs ''.

`` You know who the other man was ''??

Present at the scene -- in addition to the dead man, who was indeed Louis Thor -- had been Thor's partner Bill Blake, and Antony Rose, an advertising agency executive who handled the zing account.

My new Aunt was perhaps three or four years older than I and it had been a long time since I had seen as gorgeous a woman who oozed sex.

I don't even remember who wrote it but it was one of those 15th or 16th century poets.

If it were not that I knew who it was I could have mistaken it for my Aunt so well did her clothes fit him.

The Grafin, who was charmed by her, told her, `` Your sister who was here two years ago has quite dark hair.