Theodosius died in 395, leaving the Empire to be divided between his two sons Arcadius and Honorius, the former taking the eastern and the latter, the western portion of the Empire.

* 395 – Theodosius I dies, leaving the Western empire to his son Honorius and the Eastern empire to his son Arcadius.

Theodosius died a few months later in early 395, leaving his young sons Honorius ( r. 395 – 423 ) and Arcadius ( r. 395 – 408 ) as emperors.

A mere four months later he died, leaving the government in the hands of his young children Honorius and Arcadius.

In that year, the Visigoths ' most famous king, Alaric I, took the throne, while Theodosius was succeeded by his incapable sons: Arcadius in the east and Honorius in the west.

It was also through his mother's side of the family that he was the nephew of Honorius and first cousin to Theodosius II ( the son of Honorius ' brother Arcadius ), who was eastern emperor for most of Valentianian's life.

The most famous letter is the most highly finished and important piece in the collection, the celebrated epistle to " Valentinian, Theodosius, and Arcadius " entreating them to restore the Altar of Victory to its ancient position in the senate house.

The first known use was probably in the early 5th century, possibly as early as between 395 and 408 on the reverse side of the coins of Emperor Arcadius, but most certainly by 423 on the reverse side of the coins of Emperor Theodosius II.

Flavius Rufinus ( died November 27, 395 ) was a 4th century Eastern Roman Empire statesman of Gaulish extraction who served as Praetorian prefect of the East for the emperor Theodosius I, as well as his son Arcadius, under whom Rufinus was the actual power behind the throne.

Arcadius ' new advisor, the eunuch Eutropius, simply took Rufinus ' place as the power behind the Eastern imperial throne.

Arcadius was also dominated by his wife Aelia Eudoxia, who convinced her husband to dismiss Eutropius, who was holding the consulate, at the height of his power, in 399.

John works through the eunuch Eutropius, who has great power over emperor Arcadius, and within a week an imperial Constitution is issued closing the temples, but the official appointed to execute this order is bribed.

Early during his reign, Yazdegerd was entrusted the care of the Roman prince Theodosius by his father Arcadius on the latter's death in 408, and Yazdegerd faithfully defended the life, power and possessions of the Roman prince.

He also claimed control over Arcadius in Constantinople, but Rufinus, magister officiorum on the spot, had already established his own power there.

Arcadius was author of ' Russian Economic History, The Nineteenth Century ' also ' The Plow the Hammer and the Knout ' The latter book presents his explanation of the foundation in the Eighteenth Century of the Russian economy and power structure.

Arcadius was dominated for the rest of his rule by Anthemius, the Praetorian Prefect, who made peace with Stilicho in the West.

Theodosius I founded the Church of John the Baptist to house the skull of the saint ( today preserved at the Topkapı Palace in Istanbul, Turkey ), put up a memorial pillar to himself in the Forum of Taurus, and turned the ruined temple of Aphrodite into a coach house for the Praetorian Prefect ; Arcadius built a new forum named after himself on the Mese, near the walls of Constantine.

Arcadius was effectively placed under the control of Rufinus, Praetorian prefect of the East.

As emperors, Honorius was under the control of the Romanized Vandal magister militum Flavius Stilicho while Arcadius was dominated by one of his ministers, Rufinus.

Stilicho is alleged by some to have wanted control of both Emperors, and is supposed to have had Rufinus assassinated by Gothic mercenaries in 395 ; though definite proof of Stilicho's involvement in the assassination is lacking, the intense competition and political jealousies engendered by the two figures compose the main thread of the first part of Arcadius ' reign.

His unsuccessful attempts to deal with Constantine, rumors that he had earlier planned the assassination of Rufinus and that he planned to place his son on the Byzantine throne following the death of Emperor Arcadius in 408 caused a revolt.

Rufinus reportedly intended to marry his daughter to Arcadius and establish his own relation to the Theodosian dynasty.

On arrival, Gainas murdered Rufinus, and was appointed magister militum for Thrace by Eutropius, the new supreme minister and the only eunuch consul of Rome, who controlled Arcadius " as if he were a sheep ".

During the period immediately after Theodosius ' death, in January 395, Rufinus was virtually the ruler of the Eastern Roman Empire, since he exercised great influence over the young Emperor Arcadius.

Rufinus hated the western magister militum Stilicho, and his influence over Arcadius prevented Stilicho from crushing Alaric when the Roman general had the chance.

Stilicho had trapped Alaric and the Visigoths in Greece ( 395 ), but his Eastern troops were commanded by Arcadius, who, under suggestion by Rufinus, recalled them, so that Stilicho was forced to return his forces west across the border.

After Theodosius ' death in 395 he successfully arranged the marriage of the new emperor, Arcadius, to Aelia Eudoxia, having blocked an attempt by Arcadius ' chief minister, Rufinus, to marry the young and weak-willed emperor to his daughter.

After Rufinus ' assassination that same year, Eutropius rose in importance in the imperial court, and he soon became Arcadius ' closest advisor.

# Final Division of the Roman Empire between the Sons of Theodosius – Reign of Arcadius and Honorius – Administration of Rufinus and Stilicho – Revolt and Defeat of Gildo in Africa – Condemnation by the Senate

As a response, the Eastern emperor Flavius Arcadius appointed Alaric magister militum (“ master of the soldiers ”) in Illyricum.

Stilicho also claimed to be the guardian of Arcadius, causing much rivalry between the western and eastern courts.

According to Claudian, Stilicho was in a position to destroy the Goths when he was ordered by Arcadius to leave Illyricum.

Arcadius (; ; 377 / 378 – 1 May 408 ) was the Byzantine Emperor from 395 until his death in 408.

Arcadius was born in Hispania, the elder son of Theodosius I and Aelia Flaccilla, and brother of Honorius, who would become a Western Roman Emperor.

That same year, on the 13th July, Arcadius issued an edict ordering that all remaining non-Christian temples should be immediately demolished.

Eudoxia gave to Arcadius four children: three daughters, Pulcheria, Arcadia and Marina, and one son, Theodosius, the future Emperor Theodosius II.

Arcadius himself was more concerned with appearing to be a pious Christian than he was with political or military matters, and he died, only nominally in control of his Empire, in 408.

Solidus ( coin ) | Solidus of Arcadius.

Synesius ' De regno, which claims to be addressed to Arcadius himself, contains a tirade against Goths.

The Pentelic marble portrait head of Arcadius ( illustration ) was discovered in Istanbul close to the Forum Tauri, in June 1949, in excavating foundations for new buildings of the University at Beyazit.

* This list of Roman laws of the fourth century shows laws passed by Arcadius relating to Christianity.

* 395 – Emperor Arcadius marries Aelia Eudoxia, daughter of the Frankish general Flavius Bauto.

Under the governance of the jurists Gregorius, Aurelius Arcadius Charisius, and Hermogenianus, the imperial government began issuing official books of precedent, collecting and listing all the rescripts that had been issued from the reign of Hadrian ( r. 117 – 38 ) to the reign of Diocletian.

He was the younger son of emperor Theodosius I and his first wife Aelia Flaccilla, and brother of the eastern emperor Arcadius.

When Theodosius died, in January 395, Honorius and Arcadius divided the Empire, so that Honorius became Western Roman Emperor at the age of ten.