:: Example 3 ( semi-presidential republic ): According to Chapter 4, Article 84 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation:

from Article 84 of the Constitution of India, which sets the principal qualifications for member of Parliament, and Article 75 of the Constitution of India, which sets the qualifications for the minister in the Union Council of Minister, and the argument that the position of Prime Minister has been described as ' first among equals ', we can describe following qualifications for the Prime Minister of India.

The House of Representatives has the right of amendment ; government too may amend ( Article 84 ).

Article 84 of the current Constitution, determines that the President has the power to:

Notably, Article 84 under Title III mandate that the healthcare furnished through such public programmes as Barrio Adentro be publicly funded, and explicitly proscribes under any circumstance its privatization.

Notably, Article 84 of Title III follows LASM principles in declaring health promotion and disease prevention a priority ; it also describes the healthcare system as " decentralised and participative " and declares that the community has " the right and the duty " to be involved in policy decisions regarding the public health system.

In addition Article 85 mandates that the government provide adequate funding for the public healthcare system, while Article 84 explicitly proscribes its privatization.

Under the Belarus Constitution ( Part 4, Chapter 3, Article 84 ), the President of the Republic has the power to bestow state awards.

" A state of emergency, which can be called by the President of Belarus according to Article 84, has to be approved by the Council of the Republic within three days of its announcement, according to Article 98.

Under Article 84 of the Constitution, the president " may grant pardons to convicted citizens ".

The Tokyo Convention states in Article 11, defining the so-called unlawful takeover of an aircraft, that the parties signing the agreement are obliged, in case of hijacking or a threat of it, to take all the necessary measures in order to regain or keep control over an aircraft.

Bogers and Fijneman were charged with distributing a scheduled substance ( DMT ); however, the prosecution was unable to prove that the use of ayahuasca by members of the Santo Daime constituted a sufficient threat to public health and order that it warranted denying their rights to religious freedom under ECHR Article 9.

In Ireland, the right to free speech is guaranteed under the Constitution ( Article 40. 6. 1. i ), however, this is only an implied right provided that liberty of expression " shall not be used to undermine public order or morality or the authority of the State ".

* Article 6 of Act No. 76 of 2009 regulating publicity and advertising in municipal areas states: ( a ) The following shall be deemed an infringement of this regulation: ( i ) The inclusion in publicity or advertisements of material that offends national or religious sentiment or public morals or that is prejudicial to the maintenance of public order.

a ) In order to avoid fraud of the defendant or insufficient consideration of his / her interests, legislation foresees obligatory participation of the defense council ; ( Article 210 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Georgia )

In Article 5 states: Immediate steps shall be taken in Trust and Non-Self-Governing Territories, or all other territories which have not yet attained independence, to transfer all powers to the peoples of those territories, without any conditions or reservations, in accordance with their freely expressed will and desire, without any distinction as to race, creed or colour, in order to enable them to enjoy complete independence and freedom, moreover on 15 December 1960 the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1541 ( XV ) under titled Principles which should guide members in determining whether or nor an obligation exists to transmit the information called for under Article 73e of the United Nations Charter in Article 3 provided that nadequacy of political, economic, social or educational preparedness should never serve as a pretext for delaying independence.

Article One provides, " every order, resolution, or vote, to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary ( except on a question of adjournment ) shall be presented to the President of the United States ; and before the same shall take effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives.

* Article 10. 6 and 11. 8, which states " Lack of scientific certainty due to insufficient relevant scientific information and knowledge regarding the extent of the potential adverse effects of an LMO on biodiversity, taking into account risks to human health, shall not prevent a Party of import from taking a decision, as appropriate, with regard to the import of the LMO in question, in order to avoid or minimize such potential adverse effects.

The Protocol established a Biosafety Clearing-House ( BCH ), in order to facilitate the exchange of scientific, technical, environmental and legal information on, and experience with, living modified organisms ; and to assist Parties to implement the Protocol ( Article 20 of the Protocol, SCBD 2000 ).

As stated in Article 1, the purpose of the protocol is to " establish a system of regular visits undertaken by independent international and national bodies to places where people are deprived of their liberty, in order to prevent torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.

The group's objective was to reach a common understanding on: ( a ) the definition of " equipment or material especially designed or prepared for the processing, use or production of special fissionable material ;" and ( b ) the conditions and procedures that would govern exports of such equipment or material in order to meet the obligations of Article III. 2 on the basis of fair commercial competition.

Agreements cited by the Afghan government as proof of their claim over the Pashtun tribes include Article 11 of the Anglo – Afghan Treaty of 1921, which states: " The two contracting parties, being mutually satisfied themselves each regarding the goodwill of the other and especially regarding their benevolent intentions towards the tribes residing close to their respective boundaries, hereby undertake to inform each other of any future military operations which may appear necessary for the maintenance of order among the frontier tribes residing within their respective spheres before the commencement of such operations.

Article 1 of the Basic Law ( in German legal shorthand GG, for Grundgesetz ), which establishes this principle that " human dignity is inviolable " and that human rights are directly applicable law, as well as the general principles of the state in Article 20 GG, which guarantees democracy, republicanism, social responsibility, federalism, and the right of resistance should anybody undertake to abolish this order, remain under the guarantee of perpetuity stated in Article 79 Paragraph 3, i. e., those two cannot be changed even if the normal amendment process is followed.

Scholars have also discussed “ constitutional transformation … occurs when a constitutional provision has lost its effectiveness but has been replaced by a new meaning .” The Liberal Democratic Party has interpreted Article 9 as renouncing the use of warfare in international disputes but not the internal use of force for the purpose of maintaining law and order.

Article 1. 1 is similar to Article 47 of Protocol I, however Article 1. 2 broadens the definition to include a non-national recruited to overthrow a " Government or otherwise undermining the constitutional order of a State ; or Undermin the territorial integrity of a State ;" and " Is motivated to take part therein essentially by the desire for significant private gain and is prompted by the promise or payment of material compensation ..." – under Article 1. 2 a person does not have to take a direct part in the hostilities in a planned coup d ' état to be a mercenary.

However, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights left the issue of conscientious objection inexplicit, as we see in this quote from War Resisters International: " Article 18 of the Covenant does put some limits on the right freedom of thought, conscience and religion, stating that manifestations must not infringe on public safety, order, health or morals.

In order to promote the establishment and maintenance of international peace and security with the least diversion for armaments of the world's human and economic resources, the Security Council shall be responsible for formulating, with the assistance of the Military Staff Committee referred to in Article 47, plans to be submitted to the Members of the United Nations for the establishment of a system for the regulation of armaments.

Article 71 of the Constitution of South Korea states, ' In the event of the president not being able to discharge the duties of his / her office, the Prime Minister and ministers in line of the order of succession shall be the acting president.

A right to education has been created and recognized by some jurisdictions: Since 1952, Article 2 of the first Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights obliges all signatory parties to guarantee the right to education.

In Europe, Article 2 of the First Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights, adopted in 1950, obligates all signatory parties to guarantee the right to education.

For instance, Article IV of the Constitution of the United States " guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican form of Government ".

The term republic does not appear in the Declaration of Independence, but does appear in Article IV of the Constitution which " guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican form of Government.

Article 429 ensured that a refusal of the U. S. Senate to ratify the treaties of guarantee would not weaken them.

However, one safeguard that is typical of the Judicial, to guarantee its independence, is also characteristic of the Dutch judiciary: its members are appointed for life ( Article 117 ); they can resign voluntarily or will be fired at an age determined by law ( Subarticle 2 ); present law prescribes an age of seventy.

Article 125 of the Iraqi constitution says, " This Constitution shall guarantee the administrative, political, cultural, and educational rights of the various nationalities, such as Turkomen, Chaldeans, Assyrians, and all other constituents, and this shall be regulated by law ".

; Principle of equality: Article 3 constitutes a guarantee of legal equality between Māori and other citizens of New Zealand.

Article XI of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo contained a guarantee that the United States would protect Mexicans by preventing cross-border raids by Native American tribes.

The version of the treaty ratified by the United States Senate eliminated Article X, which stated that the U. S. government would honor and guarantee all land grants awarded in lands ceded to the U. S. to citizens of Spain and Mexico by those respective governments.

Congress asserted its authority to legislate under several different parts of the United States Constitution, principally its power to regulate interstate commerce under Article One ( section 8 ), its duty to guarantee all citizens equal protection of the laws under the Fourteenth Amendment and its duty to protect voting rights under the Fifteenth Amendment.

Article 7 consisted of a mutual guarantee that all nationalities would be permitted " free intellectual development, the use of their national language, and the exercise of their religion.

Some concordats guarantee the Catholic Church the tax-exempt status of a charity, either stating this explicitly, as in Brazil ( 2008, Article 15 ) and Italy ( 1984, Article 7. 3 ),

The ECJ held the legislation would be contrary to Article 86 where it was excessive and unnecessary to guarantee the provision of services of general economic interest.

The states are guaranteed military and civil defense by the federal government, which is also obliged by Article IV, Section Four, to " guarantee to every state in this union a republican form of government ".

The right to free legal services is, therefore, clearly an essential ingredient of ' reasonable, fair and just, procedure for a person accused of an offence and it must be held implicit in the guarantee of Article 21 of the Constitution.

Turkey never implemented either the Article 14 guarantee of some independence for the place in local rules, or the Article 39 guarantee to Turkish citizens, of all ethnicities, of the freedom to choose the language they wanted to use in their daily lives.

With the concluding Treaty of Versailles, Article 22, German colonies were divided between Belgium, the United Kingdom, and certain British Dominions, France, and Japan with the determination not to see any of them returned to Germany — a guarantee secured by Article 119.