At the same time, the Romantic reaction to the Enlightenment produced thinkers, such as Johann Gottfried Herder and later Wilhelm Dilthey, whose work formed the basis for the " culture concept ," which is central to the discipline.

Anthony, as Johann August Wilhelm Neander remarks, " without any conscious design of his own, had become the founder of a new mode of living in common, Coenobitism.

* 1719 – Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim, German poet ( d. 1803 )

* 1667 – Anna Maria Luisa de ' Medici, Italian wife of Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine ( d. 1743 )

* 1658 – Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine ( d. 1716 )

The birth of the Bildungsroman is normally dated to the publication Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship by Johann Wolfgang Goethe in 1795 – 96.

* Johann Wilhelm Ritter, chemist and physicist, born December 16, 1776 in nearby Samitz, died January 23, 1810 in Munich

* 1776 – Johann Wilhelm Ritter, German physicist ( d. 1810 )

In 1801, the German physicist Johann Wilhelm Ritter made the discovery of ultraviolet by noting that the rays from a prism darkened silver chloride preparations more quickly than violet light.

In 1800, William Nicholson and Johann Wilhelm Ritter succeeded in decomposing water into hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis.

Handel and his father travelled to Weissenfels to visit either Handel's half-brother, Carl, or nephew, Georg Christian, who was serving as valet to Duke Johann Adolf I. Handel and the duke convinced his father to allow him to take lessons in musical composition and keyboard technique from Friedrich Wilhelm Zachow, the organist of Halle's Marienkirche.

Around 1707 – 1708 he entered the service of Duke Johann Wilhelm of Saxe-Eisenach, becoming Konzertmeister on 24 December 1708 and Secretary and Kapellmeister in August 1709.

Bach in Leipzig, such as Wilhelm Friedmann Bach, Carl Philipp Emmanuel Bach and Johann Friedrich Agricola, as well as those composers who performed under his direction in Leipzig ( Christoph Graupner, Johann David Heinichen and Johann Georg Pisendel ), composers of the Berlin lieder school, and finally, his numerous pupils, none of whom, however, became major composers.

Hector Admonishes Paris for His Softness and Exhorts Him to Go to War by Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein | J. H. W.

In 1829, Johann Wilhelm Rudolph Glier also began making harmonicas.

Beginning with Immanuel Kant, German idealists such as G. W. F. Hegel, Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, and Arthur Schopenhauer dominated 19th-century philosophy.

* 1716 – Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine ( b. 1658 )

In February 1681, Johann Wilhelm Vogel, a Dutch mining engineer at Salida, Sumatra ( near Padang ), on his way to Batavia ( modern Jakarta ) passed through the Sunda Strait.

His patrilineal ancestor, Johann Wilhelm Brandau, was a German immigrant to New York in the early 1700s.

For a time during the 19th century pantheism was the theological viewpoint of many leading writers and philosophers, attracting figures such as William Wordsworth and Samuel Coleridge in Britain ; Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel in Germany ; Walt Whitman, Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau in the USA.

In 1801, the German physicist Johann Wilhelm Ritter made the discovery of ultraviolet by noting that the rays from a prism darkened silver chloride preparations more quickly than violet light.

René Karl Wilhelm Johann Josef Maria Rilke (; 4 December 1875 – 29 December 1926 ), better known as Rainer Maria Rilke, was a Bohemian-Austrian poet.

Alcott had been influenced by educational philosophy of the Swiss pedagogue Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi and even renamed his school " The Cheshire Pestalozzi School ". His style attracted the attention of Samuel Joseph May, who introduced Alcott to his sister Abby May.

Eventually it was discovered that metallic zinc could be alloyed with copper to make brass ; a process known as speltering and by 1657 the German chemist Johann Glauber had recognised that calamine was " nothing else but unmeltable zinc " and that zinc was a " half ripe metal.

Johann Pfanzagl completed the Theory of Games and Economic Behavior by providing an axiomatization of subjective probability and utility, a task left uncompleted by von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern: their original theory supposed that all the agents had the same probability distribution, as a convenience.

The species name troglodytes, Greek for " cave-dweller ", was coined by Johann Friedrich Blumenbach in his book De generis humani varietate nativa liber (" on the natural varieties of the human genus ") published in 1776, This book was based on his dissertation presented one year before ( it had a date 16 Sep 1775 printed on its title page ) to the University of Göttingen for internal use only, thus the dissertation did not meet the conditions for published work in the sense of zoological nomenclature.

Philosophers of education such as Juan Vives, Johann Pestalozzi, Friedrich Froebel, and Johann Herbart had examined, classified and judged the methods of education centuries before the beginnings of psychology in the late 1800s.

It was adopted unanimously on 24 April 1870 and was influenced by the philosophical conceptions of Johann Baptist Franzelin, who had written a great deal on the topic of faith and rationality.

His brothers, the Archdukes Charles and Johann had their meetings and activities spied upon.

In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century Germany, three pioneer physical educators – Johann Friedrich GutsMuths ( 1759 – 1839 ) and Friedrich Ludwig Jahn ( 1778 – 1852 ) – created exercises for boys and young men on apparatus they had designed that ultimately led to what is considered modern gymnastics.

The word " halogen " had actually first been proposed in 1811 by Johann Salomo Christoph Schweigger as a name for the newly discovered element chlorine, but Davy's proposed term for this element eventually won out, and Schweigger's term was kept at Berzelius ' suggestion as the term for the element group that contains chlorine.

However, more than a century before Ebbinghaus, Johann Andreas Segner invented the “ Segner-wheel ” to see the length of after-images by seeing how fast a wheel with a hot coal attached had to move for the red ember circle from the coal to appear complete.

Portrait by Friedrich Engels. Johann Kaspar Schmidt ( October 25, 1806 – June 26, 1856 ), better known as Max Stirner ( the nom de plume he adopted from a schoolyard nickname he had acquired as a child because of his high brow, in German ' Stirn '), was a German philosopher, who ranks as one of the literary fathers of nihilism, existentialism, post-modernism and anarchism, especially of individualist anarchism.

" In the works of authors like Clemens Timpler of Heidelberg and Steinfurt, Bartolomaeus Keckermann of Heidelberg and Danzig, and Johann Heinrich Alsted of Herborn there appeared a new, unified vision of the encyclopaedia of the scientific disciplines in which ontology had the role of assigning to each of the particular sciences its proper domain.

In the company of Swedish sculptor Johan Tobias Sergel and painter Johann Heinrich Füssli, he began to move away from the classicism he had learned at the Academy.

The most notable leader of the movement, though maintaining a certain distance from the Old Catholic Church as an institution, was the renowned church historian and priest Johann Joseph Ignaz von Döllinger ( 1799 – 1890 ), who had been excommunicated by the pope because of his support for the affair.

A composer such as Johann Sebastian Bach had control over almost all of the musical resources of a town, whereas Handel would hire the best musicians available.

But in an article published on February 25 of the same year in a German newspaper called the Vossische Zeitung, Johann von Maedler, a Berlin astronomer, had used the word photography already.

After all, it had been planned and built all in one go by Johann Philipp Gerlach.

The Josty company had been founded in 1793 by two Swiss brothers, Johann and Daniel Josty, who had emigrated to Berlin from Sils in Switzerland and set up a bakery from which the café was a 1796 offshoot.

Rather, in 1802, following the death of Charles Theodore, it was brought to Munich, where Baron Johann Paul Carl von Moll had obtained a general exemption of confiscation for the Bavarian collections.

Steiner's father, Johann ( es ) Steiner ( 23 June 1829, Geras or Trabenreith, Irnfritz-Messern and lived Geras Abbey, Waldviertel – 1910, Horn ), left a position as a gamekeeper in the service of Count Hoyos in Geras, northeast Lower Austria to marry one of the Hoyos family's housemaids, Franziska Blie ( 8 May 1834, Horn, Waldviertel – 1918, Horn ), a marriage for which the Count had refused his permission.

One solution to these paradoxes is the Charlier universe, in which the matter is arranged hierarchically ( systems of orbiting bodies that are themselves orbiting in a larger system, ad infinitum ) in a fractal way such that the universe has a negligibly small overall density ; such a cosmological model had also been proposed earlier in 1761 by Johann Heinrich Lambert.

The fate of the codex during the 15th century is unknown, but by the 1590s it had passed into possession of baron Johann Philipp of Hohensax ( two of whose forebears are portrayed in the codex, on foll.