* 1999 – Harry Blackmun, Associate Justice of the U. S. Supreme Court ( b. 1908 )

* 1908 – Harry Blackmun, U. S. Supreme Court Justice ( d. 1999 )

In the United States, abortion was sometimes considered a common law crime, though Justice Blackmun would conclude that the criminalization of abortion did not have " roots in the English common-law tradition.

Chief Justice Burger asked Justices Stewart and Blackmun to determine whether Roe and Doe, among others, should be heard as scheduled.

Though no official vote was taken, Justice Black and Chief Justice Burger wanted to reverse McMillan ’ s order, while Justices Douglas, Harlan, Brennan and Marshall wanted a strong affirmation of the order ; Justices White, Stewart and Blackmun did not express a strong feeling either way.

Blackmun was new to the Court, and had strong ties to Chief Justice Burger.

Justice Powell, writing for himself save Part I and V-C joined by Justice Blackmun, Justice Brennan, Justice Marshall, and Justice White, and Part III-A joined only by Justice White, concluded that while the school had a compelling interest in a diverse student body and therefore could consider race as a " plus " factor in its admissions program ( Part IV-D ), it could not ex ante set aside seats specifically for a certain race, resulting in the automatic exclusion of others based only on race ( Part IV-B ).

At the conference of the Justices two days after oral argument, Justice Souter defied expectations, joining Justices O ' Connor, Stevens, and Blackmun, who had likewise refused to do so three years earlier in Webster v. Reproductive Health Services.

Justice Byron White wrote an opinion concurring in the judgment, which Justice Harry Blackmun and Justice Sandra Day O ' Connor joined in full, and Justice John Paul Stevens joined in part.

Justice Blackmun wrote an opinion concurring in the judgment.

Justice Stevens wrote an opinion concurring in the judgment, which was joined in part by Justice White and Justice Blackmun. Antonin Scalia | Justice Scalia, who wrote the majority opinion in R. A. V.

Justice John Paul Stevens wrote the majority opinion and was joined by Justices William J. Brennan, Jr., Thurgood Marshall, Harry Blackmun, and Lewis Powell.

Supreme Court Justice Byron White wrote the decision for the majority

Supreme Court Justice Byron White wrote the decision for the majority.

Lord Chief Justice Edward Coke, a 17th-century English jurist and Member of Parliament, wrote several legal texts that formed the basis for the modern common law, with lawyers in both England and America learning their law from his Institutes and Reports until the end of the 18th century.

For example, Justice Harlan in 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson landmark Supreme Court opinion, wrote, ' There is no caste here.

In a letter to an individual dated 23 March 1975, the Universal House of Justice wrote:

Dissenting opinions included Justice Stevens's, who wrote "... the voluntary character of the private choice to prefer a parochial education over an education in the public school system seems to me quite irrelevant to the question whether the government's choice to pay for religious indoctrination is constitutionally permissible.

He appointed a commission that set aside 3, 000, 000 acres ( 12, 000 km² ) of national parks and 2, 300, 000 acres of national forests ; advocated tax reduction for low-income Americans ( not enacted ); closed certain tax loopholes for the wealthy ; doubled the number of veterans ' hospital facilities ; negotiated a treaty on St. Lawrence Seaway ( which failed in the U. S. Senate ); wrote a Children's Charter that advocated protection of every child regardless of race or gender ; created an antitrust division in the Justice Department ; required air mail carriers to adopt stricter safety measures and improve service ; proposed federal loans for urban slum clearances ( not enacted ); organized the Federal Bureau of Prisons ; reorganized the Bureau of Indian Affairs ; instituted prison reform ; proposed a federal Department of Education ( not enacted ); advocated $ 50-per-month pensions for Americans over 65 ( not enacted ); chaired White House conferences on child health, protection, homebuilding and home-ownership ; began construction of the Boulder Dam ( later renamed Hoover Dam ); and signed the Norris – La Guardia Act that limited judicial intervention in labor disputes.

Brown., in which Justice Charles L. Woodbury wrote that " only in this way can we protect intellectual property, the labors of the mind, productions and interests are as much a man's own ... as the wheat he cultivates, or the flocks he rears.

In 1793, William Godwin, who has often been cited as the first anarchist, wrote Political Justice, which some consider to be the first expression of anarchism.

Justice Anthony M. Kennedy wrote the opinion and was joined by Justices Scalia, Alito, and Thomas and by Chief Justice Roberts.

Due to the prevalence of American television programs and motion pictures in which the police characters frequently read suspects their rights, it has become an expected element of arrest procedure — in the 2000 Dickerson decision, Chief Justice William Rehnquist wrote that Miranda warnings had " become embedded in routine police practice to the point where the warnings have become part of our national culture.

Chief Justice Marshall wrote the opinion of the court.

Justice Breyer, who dissented, wrote in his most recent book that if he could change three of his dissenting opinions ( while on the Supreme Court ) into a majority, this would be one of them.

Ira Glaser, former head of the ACLU, wrote that " The Justice Department inspector general's report implies more than the violation of the civil liberties of 762 non-citizens.

In particular, Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black wrote in a dissent that " t is high time, in my judgment, to wipe out root and branch the judge-invented and judge-maintained notion that judges can try criminal contempt cases without a jury.

However, Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes wrote, " the Constitution does not appear to authorize two or more Supreme Courts functioning in effect as separate courts.

Justice Abe Fortas wrote, However, since 1969 the Supreme Court has placed a number of limitations on Tinker interpretations.

In affirming the lower courts decision to dismiss, Justice Abrams wrote: " Although Korb has a secured right to speak out on matters of public concern, and he has a right to express views with which Raytheon disagrees, he has no right to do so at Raytheon's expense.

Justice Samuel Nelson wrote the opinion of the Supreme Court in The Justices v. Murray, 76 U. S. 9 Wall.

In Furman v. Georgia,, Justice Brennan wrote, " There are, then, four principles by which we may determine whether a particular punishment is ' cruel and unusual '.

Justice Brennan also wrote that he expected no state would pass a law obviously violating any one of these principles, so court decisions regarding the Eighth Amendment would involve a " cumulative " analysis of the implication of each of the four principles.

Justice Scalia ( joined by Chief Justice Roberts ) wrote in dissent that " the proposed Eighth Amendment would have been laughed to scorn if it had read ' no criminal penalty shall be imposed which the Supreme Court deems unacceptable.

" However, Justice William O. Douglas rejected that view ; Douglas wrote that, " The Ninth Amendment obviously does not create federally enforceable rights.

Mr. Justice Black led a reversing majority: `` Strict local rules of pleading cannot be used to impose unnecessary burdens upon rights of recovery authorized by federal law ''.

Associate Justices, like the Chief Justice, are nominated by the President of the United States and are confirmed by the United States Senate by majority vote.

However, in drafting opinions, the Chief Justice enjoys additional influence in case disposition if in the majority through his power to assign who writes the opinion.

Chief Justice William Rehnquist, writing for the majority, stated that " The incidental advancement of a religious mission, or the perceived endorsement of a religious message, is reasonably attributable to the individual aid recipients not the government, whose role ends with the disbursement of benefits.

However, the vast majority of Federal government publications covering these topics are published by the Office of Justice Programs agencies of the United States Department of Justice, and disseminated through the National Criminal Justice Reference Service.

The Arab countries ( all of which had opposed the plan ) proposed to query the International Court of Justice on the competence of the General Assembly to partition a country against the wishes of the majority of its inhabitants, but were again defeated.

Members of the judiciary are impeached by the President upon a vote by the House of Representatives that is supported by a 2 / 3s majority of all the members on the grounds of proved inability to perform his functions in office ( whether it is infirmity of body or mind or any other cause ) or proved misbehavior by the Commission for the Administration of Justice.

Justice Minister Ricardo Gil Lavedra, who formed part of the 1985 tribunal judging the military crimes committed during the Dirty War would later go on record saying that " I sincerely believe that the majority of the victims of the illegal repression were guerrilla militants ".

The operation was originally called " Operation Infinite Justice " ( often misquoted as " Operation Ultimate Justice "), but as similar phrases have been used by adherents of several religions as an exclusive description of God, it is believed to have been changed to avoid offense to Muslims, who are the majority religion in Afghanistan.

As a group who believe that Mason Remey was the second Guardian of the Bahá ' í Faith, they are considered heretical Covenant-breakers by the majority of Bahá ' ís who follow the leadership of the Universal House of Justice.

In Atkins v. Virginia, for example, the majority cited the fact that the European Union forbid death penalty as part of their reasoning, while Chief Justice Rehnquist denounced the " Court's decision to place weight on foreign laws.

While the U. S. Supreme Court majority in 1896 Plessy explicitly upheld only " separate but equal " facilities ( specifically, transportation facilities ), Justice John Marshall Harlan in his dissent protested that the decision was an expression of white supremacy ; he predicted that segregation would " stimulate aggressions … upon the admitted rights of colored citizens ," " arouse race hate " and " perpetuate a feeling of distrust between races.

As the UN grounds for the effective execution of international law ( such as International Court of Justice ) and UN represents international character for a state after World War II ( such as United Nations General Assembly and United Nations Security Council ), consequently, a majority of the aligned countries during Cold War in the Western world camp decided to terminate official diplomatic relations to ROC and recognize People's Republic of China instead.

The prime minister is Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, whose conservative Justice and Development Party won a majority of parliamentary seats in the 2011 general elections.

In the Board of Education of Kiryas Joel Village School District v. Grumet,, Justice David Souter, writing for the majority, concluded that " government should not prefer one religion to another, or religion to irreligion.

Writing for the majority, Justice Edward Terry Sanford declared that " utterances inciting to the overthrow of organized government by unlawful means, present a sufficient danger of substantive evil to bring their punishment within the range of legislative discretion .... Such utterances, by their very nature, involve danger to the public peace and to the security of the state.

Writing for the majority, Justice Rehnquist rejected the appellants argument for the common law's protection of property against trespass, writing that such an interpretation would " represent a return to the era of Lochner v. New York,, when common-law rights were also found immune from revision ... would freeze the common law as it has been constructed by courts, perhaps at its 19th-century state of development.

This happened in the majority opinion by Justice William O. Douglas in Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U. S. 479, 484 ( 1965 ) which cited the amendment as implying a belief that an individual's home should be free from agents of the state.

Justice Antonin Scalia, writing for the majority, applied New York v. United States to show that the law violated the Tenth Amendment.