Now, although the roots of the mystery story in serious literature go back as far as Balzac, Dickens, and Poe, it was not until the closing decades of the 19th century that the private detective became an established figure in popular fiction.

Rural Scandinavians continued to acknowledge Freyja as a supernatural figure into the 19th century, and Freyja has inspired various works of art.

The key figure of Hungarian national opera in the 19th century was Ferenc Erkel, whose works mostly dealt with historical themes.

He was a key figure in the introduction of Indian philosophies of Vedanta and Yoga to the western world and was credited with raising interfaith awareness, bringing Hinduism to the status of a major world religion in the late 19th century.

And yet early signs of a respectful, even sympathetic attitude toward the character appeared in the plays of Jean-François Regnard and in the paintings of Antoine Watteau, an attitude that would deepen in the 19th century, after the Romantics claimed the figure as their own.

In the 18th and 19th centuries, Pan became a significant figure in the Romantic movement of western Europe, and also in the 20th-century Neopagan movement.

John Phillips became a major figure in 19th century geology and paleontology — among other things he's credited as first to specify most of the table of geologic eras that is used today ( 1841 ).

The population grew from around 1, 000 at the start of the 19th century to around 55, 000 in 1911, a figure which has remained reasonably stable since.

* Mid to late 19th century Shango figure from the Yoruba People of Nigeria

A century later he was already a legendary figure ; William of Tyre believed that it was Peter who had planted the idea for the crusade in Urban's mind ( which was taken as fact by historians until the 19th century ).

* Alexander William Doniphan, 19th century soldier and political figure who spent his last years in Richmond

Pusey House was opened in 1884 in part as a memorial to Edward Bouverie Pusey, Regius Professor of Hebrew at Oxford University, Canon of Christ Church Cathedral and for 40 years, a leading figure in the Oxford Movement, a movement of the mid 19th century which sought to bring the Church of England to a deeper understanding of its witness as part of the universal Catholic Church.

He was England's longest serving bishop since the 14th century and a striking figure of the 19th century Church.

Cuvier was a major figure in natural sciences research in the early 19th century, and was instrumental in establishing the fields of comparative anatomy and paleontology through his work in comparing living animals with fossils.

The historic American cowboy of the late 19th century arose from the vaquero traditions of northern Mexico and became a figure of special significance and legend.

" However, the term " hooker " was used in print as early as 1845, years before Hooker was a public figure, and is likely derived from the concentration of prostitutes around the shipyards and ferry terminal of the Corlear's Hook area of Manhattan in the early to middle 19th century, who came to be referred to as " hookers ".

The other major novelist at the beginning of the early 19th century was Sir Walter Scott ( 1771-1832 ), who was not only a highly successful British novelist but " the greatest single influence on fiction in the 19th century ... a European figure ".

By the 19th century, some 40 – 50 % of Chinese women had bound feet ; for upper class women, the figure was almost 100 %.

In the 19th century Rodolfo Lanciani recalled that at Christmas time the presepio included a carved and painted figure of the sibyl pointing out to Augustus the Virgin and Child, who appeared in the sky in a halo of light.

The figure of the media proprietor first became prominent in the 19th century with the development of mass circulation newspapers.

James Lusk Alcorn ( November 4, 1816December 19, 1894 ) was a prominent American political figure in Mississippi during the 19th century.

Austen Chamberlain was born in Birmingham, the second child and eldest son of Joseph Chamberlain, then a rising industrialist and political radical, later Mayor of Birmingham and a dominant figure in Liberal and Unionist politics at the end of the 19th century.

Robert Lowe, 1st Viscount Sherbrooke PC ( 4 December 1811 – 27 July 1892 ), British and Australian statesman, was a pivotal but often forgotten figure who shaped British politics in the latter half of the 19th century.

During this period winter sports were slowly introduced: in 1882 the first figure skating championship was held in St. Moritz, and downhill skiing became a trendy sport with English visitors early in the 20th century, as the first ski-lift was installed in 1908 above Grindelwald.

They had at least two sons, one of whom, Nithard, became a notable figure in the mid-9th century.

In the 5th century BC, principally as seen through the figure of Pericles, the generals could be among the most powerful people in the polis.

Parshva, the earliest Jain Tirthankara, whom modern Western historians consider to be a historical figure, lived in about the 8th century BCE.

While he has been rated as one of the top-50 eminent psychologists of the 20th century, Jensen remains a controversial figure, largely for his conclusions regarding the causes of race-based differences in intelligence.

Vittoria Colonna became famous in the sixteenth century as a poet and a figure in literate circles.

The earliest known depiction of a gun is a sculpture from a cave in Sichuan, dating to the 12th century that portrays a figure carrying a vase-shaped bombard, firing flames and a ball.

The figure dropped slightly in the early years of the 21st century due to the increased popularity of satellite reception, notably Sky, but has stabilized recently.

The antlered human figure has been dated as early as the 7th century BCE or as late as the 4th.

Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich ( 25 September 1906 – 9 August 1975 ) was a Soviet Russian composer and pianist and a prominent figure of 20th century music.

This word has often been employed as an epithet in Eastern European legends ( Sabya Damaskinya or Sablja Dimiskija meaning " Damascene saber "), including the Serbian and Bulgarian legends of Prince Marko, a historical figure of the late 14th century in what is currently the Republic of Macedonia.

The leading figure of the double bass in the early 20th century was Serge Koussevitzky, best known as conductor of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, who popularized the double bass in modern times as a solo instrument.

Robert Silverberg said that Donald Wollheim was " one of the most significant figures in 20th century American science fiction publishing ", adding, " A plausible case could be made that he was the most significant figure — responsible in large measure for the development of the science fiction paperback, the science fiction anthology, and the whole post-Tolkien boom in fantasy fiction.

Satie was a colourful figure in the early 20th century Parisian avant-garde.

Alcibiades is a historical figure from fifth century BC Athens, a politician and a general in the Peloponnesian War.

The 11th century Ledberg stone in Sweden, similarly to Thorwald's Cross, features a figure with his foot at the mouth of a four-legged beast, and this may also be a depiction of Odin being devoured by Fenrir at Ragnarök.

Franklin Delano Roosevelt ( or ; January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945 ), also known by his initials, FDR, was the 32nd President of the United States ( 1933 – 1945 ) and a central figure in world events during the mid-20th century, leading the United States during a time of worldwide economic depression and total war.

Smith Wigglesworth was also a well-known figure in the early part of the 20th century.

The sculpture dates to the 12th century and is of a figure carrying a vase-shaped bombard, with flames and a cannonball coming out of it.

Thus, according to Étienne Boileau's Book of Handicrafts, by the mid-13th century there were no less than 100 guilds in Paris, a figure which by the 14th century had risen to 350.