Chiropractic has developed a strong political base and sustained demand for services ; in recent decades, it has gained more legitimacy and greater acceptance among medical physicians and health plans in the U. S., and the principles of evidence-based medicine have been used to review research studies and generate practice guidelines.

* Medical protocol ( disambiguation ), various meanings, most prominently including guidelines for medical treatment

Other proposals have been made to extend federal whistleblower protection to medical residents working at health care facilities, hospitals, and health care providers, as an internal means to ensure that certain patient hospital and health standards are being effectuated, including enforcing maximum hour guidelines for medical residents

Although occasionally reported in the medical literature no guidelines for such usage have been developed.

Historians cite a series of medical guidelines to trace the history of informed consent in medical practice.

The Hippocratic Oath, a 500 BCE Greek text, was the first set of Western writings giving guidelines for the conduct of medical professionals.

This medical ethics book was radical demonstrating understanding of the AMA's guidelines and Percival's philosophy and soundly rejecting all directives that a doctor should lie to patients.

This is done through postgraduate medical education and training development, and the publication of clinical guidelines and reports on aspects of the specialty and service provision.

Except in medical emergency situations, patients need a referral from the PCP in order to see a specialist or other doctor, and the gatekeeper cannot authorize that referral unless the HMO guidelines deem it necessary.

Necessary tools for proper health information coding and management include clinical guidelines, formal medical terminologies, and computers and other information and communication technologies.

Mallon was the first healthy typhoid carrier to be identified by medical science, and there was no policy providing guidelines for handling the situation.

The precise meaning of the term varies by jurisdiction, but in many countries EMTs respond to emergency calls, perform certain medical procedures and transport patients to hospital in accordance with protocols and guidelines established by physician medical directors.

In the U. S., NFPA regulations 1006 and 1670 provide guidelines and regulations for the operation of heavy rescue vehicles and also state that all " rescuers " must have medical training to perform any technical rescue operation, including cutting the vehicle itself.

In patients with medical rather than surgical illness, LMWH too is known to prevent thrombosis, and in the United Kingdom the Chief Medical Officer has issued guidance to the effect that preventative measures should be used in medical patients, in anticipation of formal guidelines.

Jemison's work in the Peace Corps included supervising the pharmacy, laboratory, medical staff as well as providing medical care, writing self-care manuals, and developing and implementing guidelines for health and safety issues.

It is the best available medical treatment in this situation and is supported by clinical guidelines.

Historically, Western medical ethics may be traced to guidelines on the duty of physicians in antiquity, such as the Hippocratic Oath, and early rabbinic and Christian teachings.

The European Medical Writers Association have published guidelines which aim to ensure professional medical writers carry out this role in an ethical and responsible manner.

A number of strong independent agencies, established in some cases with governmental or royal support, have conducted large medical, social, educational and research operations in particular parts of the Congo and Ruanda-Urundi.

Projects such as schools, centers for those with special needs, organic farms and medical clinics were established, all inspired by anthroposophy.

Cairo, as well as neighbouring, has been established as Egypt's main centre for medical treatment, and despite some exceptions, has the most advanced level of medical care in the country.

The introduction of foreign bacteria into the human GI tract via infusion of fecal enemas is, moreover, an established medical practice in cases of ulcerative colitis, especially where the patient's own intestinal flora has been significantly depleted by antibiotic therapy applied for other maladies.

The following year Mesmer moved to Paris, rented an apartment in a part of the city preferred by the wealthy and powerful, and established a medical practice.

In direct opposition to the Empiricists were the Rationalists, who valued the study of established teachings in order to create new theories in the name of medical advancements.

Clear descriptors of symptoms and clinical presentation must be established at the assessment by the physician to prescribe interventions, monitor efficacy and support medical necessity.

1885: An association for medical aid by the women t the women of India was established by the Countess of Dufferin

A specialty of medical psychology has established a specialty board certification, American Board of Medical Psychology and an Academy of Medical Psychology requiring a doctorate degree in psychology and extensive post doctoral training in the specialty and the passage of an oral or written examination.

Although the Academy of Medical Psychology defines medical psychology as a " specialty " and has established a " specialty board certification ," it is important to note that the American Psychological Association does not currently recognize medical psychology as a " specialty.

After Sanger discovered that physicians were exempt from the law that prohibited the distribution of contraceptive information to women — provided it was prescribed for medical reasons — she established the Clinical Research Bureau ( CRB ) in 1923 to exploit this loophole.

Kaloost Varstan, an Armenian from Istanbul, arrived in 1864 and established the first medical missionary in Nazareth, the Scottish " hospital on the hill ", with sponsorship from the Edinburgh Medical Missionary Society.

On his return he established a private medical practice and small laboratory in Berlin-Steglitz, and in 1891 received a call from Robert Koch to join the staff at his Berlin Institute of Infectious Diseases, where in 1896 a new institute was established for Ehrlich ’ s specialization, the Institute for Serum Research and Testing ( Institut für Serumforschung und Serumprüfung ), whose director he became.

Signs of destruction and inflammation on medical ultrasound | ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in the second metacarpophalangeal joint in established rheumatoid arthritis.

Penn has three claims to being the first university in the United States, according to university archives director Mark Frazier Lloyd: the 1765 founding of the first medical school in America made Penn the first institution to offer both " undergraduate " and professional education ; the 1779 charter made it the first American institution of higher learning to take the name of " University "; and existing colleges were established as seminaries.

* 1827 – Egypt: Cairo University School of Medicine is established as the first African medical school in the Middle East.

* Egypt: Cairo University School of Medicine is established as the first African medical school in the Middle East.

Some farmers were given informal medical training, and health-care centers were established in rural communities.

When Fromm moved to Mexico City in 1949, he became a professor at the National Autonomous University of Mexico ( UNAM ) and established a psychoanalytic section at the medical school there.

So towards the end of 19th century anatomy courses had been largely professionalised at established medical schools and public dissection was no longer common place.

This was particularly so in provincial medical schools which were just being established that needed credibility not only from other medical schools ( namely Oxford and the London teaching hospitals ) but also from the public.

Principles of medical ethics, such as the Nuremberg Code, have been introduced to prevent atrocities.

* The Nuremberg Code ( 1947 ) In: Mitscherlich A, Mielke F. Doctors of infamy: the story of the Nazi medical crimes.

Cameron had also been a member of the Nuremberg medical tribunal in 1946 – 47.

The medical trials at Nuremberg in 1947 deeply impressed upon the world that experimentation with unknowing human subjects is morally and legally unacceptable.

In medical research, the Nuremberg Code set a base international standard in 1947, which continued to develop, for example in response to the ethical violation in the Tuskegee syphilis experiment.

According to Beauchamp and Childress ( in Principles of Biomedical Ethics ), the Nuremberg trials detailed accounts of horrifyingly exploitative medical " experiments.

" Publicizing German medical atrocities could undermine wholesale public confidence in clinical science " reference To avoid the appearance that the entire medical community could no longer be trusted, the Nuremberg Medical Trial political appointees "... presented medical researchers as having been ' perverted ' by the manipulative control of the SS and as poisoned by Nazism ..." and instead verb that " the human experiments were so ill-conceived as not to be worthy of the status of science ..."

However, it was later renamed because documents from the Nuremberg War Crimes Tribunal linked Strughold to medical experiments in which inmates from Dachau were tortured and killed.

The first known dated work of this kind published under civic authority appears to have been that of Nuremberg in 1542 ; a passing student named Valerius Cordus showed a collection of medical receipts, which he had selected from the writings of the most eminent medical authorities, to the physicians of the town, who urged him to print it for the benefit of the apothecaries, and obtained for his work the sanction of the senatus.

As Nazi Germany fell apart, Weichs was finally retired on March 25, 1945, and was arrested by American troops in May During the Nuremberg Trials, Weichs was implicated in war crimes committed while suppressing the partisans, however, he was removed from the Hostages Trial due to medical reasons without having been judged or sentenced.

The numbers of such suits soared when the Nazi government imposed new discriminations and persecutions ( Nuremberg Laws 1935, November Pogrom 1938, and systematic deportations of Jewish Germans and Gentile Germans of Jewish descent to concentration camps, 1941 ).< ref > The " Institute for Genetics and Racial Hygienics " in Frankfurt upon Main delivered 448 medical evidences for paternity suits aiming for reclassification in Frankfurt and its environs.

After World War II, he was an observer at the Nuremberg Trials against the Nazi physicians guilty of medical experiments and torture of the inmates of concentration camps.

* Paul Weindling, "' Tales from Nuremberg ': The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology and Allied medical war crimes policy ," in Geschichte der Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft im Nationalsozialismus: Bestandaufnahme und Perspektiven der Forschung, ed.

Cameron had also been a member of the Nuremberg medical tribunal in 1946 – 47.

* The Nuremberg Trials also led to the emergence of the Nuremberg code which explicitly outlines the boundaries of acceptable medical experimentation.

Both Haber and Wernher von Braun were involved with Operation Paperclip and intimately a part of the Nuremberg medical tribunal, which saw former Nazis war criminals rescued to the United States, ultimately resulting in a considerable contribution to the development of NASA.

In October 1942 a medical conference took place in Nuremberg at which the results of the experiments were presented under the headings " Prevention and Treatment of Freezing ", and " Warming Up After Freezing to the Danger Point ".