Paracelsus ( 1493 – 1541 ), for example, rejected the 4-elemental theory, and with only a vague understanding of his chemicals and medicines formed a hybrid of alchemy and science in what was to be called iatrochemistry.

Curling is thought to have been invented in medieval Scotland, with the first written reference to a contest using stones on ice coming from the records of Paisley Abbey, Renfrewshire, in February 1541.

Front view of the most common version of the Commodore 1541 disk drive, with open disk slot: this version uses a Newtronics drive mechanism, and the rotating lever is used to hold the disk in place

A C64 plus a 1541 cost about $ 900, while an Apple II with no disk drive cost $ 1395: the 1541 became widely popular and the demand caught Commodore by surprise, struggling to produce the drive in adequate quantities.

In 1983, the 1541 switched to the familiar gray case and a front label reading simply " 1541 " along with rainbow stripes to match the Commodore 64.

The Commodore 1570 was an upgraded 1541 for use with the Commodore 128, available in Europe.

Even though each 1541 had its own on board disk controller and disk operating system, it was not possible for a user to command two 1541 drives to copy a disk ( one drive reading and the other writing ) as with older dual drives like the 4040 and 8050 that were often found with the PET computer, and which the 1541 was backward compatible to ( it could read 4040 disks but not write to them since its internal Operating System was essentially the same ).

Like the 1541 and 1571, the 1581 has an on board MOS Technology 6502 CPU with its own ROM and RAM, and uses a serial version of the IEEE-488 interface.

However, unlike the 1571, which is nearly 100 % backward-compatible with the 1541, the 1581 has limited compatibility with Commodore's earlier drives.

When using the 1581 together with the older C64, however, it is almost as slow as the older 1541 drive, due to limitations of the C64's ROM code.

The 1570 utilized a 1571 logic board in a cream-colored Commodore 1541 case with a drive mechanism similar to the 1541 except that it was equipped with track zero detection.

Although the 1570 was compatible with the Commodore 64, the C64 wasn't capable of taking advantage of the drive's higher-speed operation, and when used with the C64 it was little more than a pricier 1541.

Also, many early buyers of the C128 chose to temporarily make do with a 1541 drive, perhaps owned as part of a previous C64 setup, until the 1571 became more widely available.

Although early Commodore advertisements attempted to cast the computer as an all-purpose business machine, the Amiga was most commercially successful as a home computer, with a wide range of games and creative software.

Applesoft was similar to ( and indeed had a common code base with ) Microsoft BASIC implementations on other 6502-based computers, such as Commodore BASIC: it used line numbers, and spaces were not necessary in lines.

However, as the system was reaching completion, the personal computer revolution was starting with the release of machines like the Commodore PET, TRS-80 and Apple II.

By 24: 00 only Tonnant remained engaged, as Commodore Aristide Aubert Du Petit Thouars continued his fight with Majestic and fired on Swiftsure when the British ship moved within range.

However the dismasted Tonnant, Commodore Du Petit Thouars now dead from his wounds and thrown overboard at his own request, was unable to make the required speed and was driven ashore by its crew, while Timoléon was too far south to escape with Villeneuve and in attempting to join the survivors had also grounded on the shoal.

In addition, Commodore made the drive's controller board smaller and having a lower chip count than the early 1541s ( which had a large PCB with dozens of TTL chips running the length of the case ).

It offered MFM capability for accessing CP / M disks, improved speed, and somewhat quieter operation, but was only manufactured until Commodore got its production lines going with the double-sided 1571.

Initially, Commodore intended to use a hardware shift register ( one component of the 6522 VIA ) to maintain relatively brisk drive speeds with the new serial interface.

The popular Commodore computer magazines of the era also entered the arena with type-in fast-load utilities, with Compute!

When used together with the C128, it implements faster burst mode access than the Commodore 1571 5¼ " drive.

Commodore is the commonly used collective name for Commodore International Limited and the various national companies that operated underneath it, including Commodore Business Machines ( CBM ), the U. S .- based home computer and electronics manufacturer with headquarters in West Chester, Pennsylvania that it shared with its parent.

So I wind up in Berlin, Germany, with my wife, and we were in a cab, and the cab made a short stop, and in front of us was an Opel Commodore.

Peddle packaged his single-board computer design in a metal case, along with a full-travel QWERTY keyboard, monochrome monitor, and tape recorder for program and data storage, to produce the Commodore PET ( Personal Electronic Transactor ).

Thanks to a well-designed set of chips designed by MOS Technology, the Commodore 64, ( also referred to as C64 ), possessed remarkable sound and graphics for its time and is often credited with starting the computer demo scene.

Experience is not seen, as it is in classical rationalism, as presenting us initially with clear and distinct objects simply located in space and registering their character, movements, and changes on the tabula rasa of an uninvolved intellect.

Some of those who did not initially react with an arm-elevation also associated their behavior in the situation with control factors -- an inability to relinquish control voluntarily.

Some bishops were initially reluctant to attend, fearing that the meeting would declare itself a council with power to legislate for the church ; but it agreed to pass only advisory resolutions.

People with cerebellar ataxia may initially present with poor balance, which could be demonstrated as an inability to stand on one leg or perform tandem gait.

The Gepids initially gained the upper hand, but in 567, thanks to his alliance with the Avars, Alboin inflicted a decisive defeat on his enemies, whose lands the Avars subsequently occupied.

The projected union initially aroused great opposition: he did not consult with his father, who had been on vacation in Karlovy Vary and making arrangements to secure the hand of a German princess for his son, or his Prime Minister Dr. Vladan Đorđević, who was visiting the Paris Universal Exhibition at the time of the announcement.

Johnson implemented his Reconstruction policy initially with two proclamations.

Antonio Raggi initially trained with him.

When initially expelled by or removed from the whale, the fatty precursor of ambergris is pale white in color ( sometimes streaked with black ), soft, with a strong fecal smell.

Absalon initially resisted the new position, as he did not want to lose his power position on Zealand, but complied with Papal orders to do so in 1178.

In 1961, Korner and Davies formed Blues Incorporated, initially a loose-knit group of musicians with a shared love of electric blues and R & B music.

The hearings were initially completed, with Thomas's good character being presented as a primary qualification for the high court because he had only been a judge for slightly more than one year.

The increasing intellectualization of consciousness, initially a progressive direction of evolution, has led to an excessive reliance on abstraction and a loss of contact with both natural and spiritual realities.

Accounts vary, but Bedr likely initially escaped with Abd ar-Rahman.

Aberration should not be confused with stellar parallax, although it was an initially fruitless search for parallax that first led to its discovery.

While it is assumed that the younger Cuyp did work with his father initially to develop rudimentary talents, Aelbert became more focused on landscape paintings while Jacob was a portrait painter by profession.

While it touted superior graphics to the 2600 and Mattel's Intellivision, the system was initially incompatible with the 2600s expansive library of games, and some market analysts have speculated that this hurt its sales especially since an Atari 2600 cartridge adapter had been released for the Intellivision II.

Psychiatric symptoms usually initially worsen during alcohol withdrawal, but typically improve or disappear with continued abstinence.

Fascinated by Frazetta's abilities, Capp initially gave him a free hand in an extended daily sequence ( about a biker named " Frankie ," a caricature of Frazetta ) to experiment with the basic look of the strip by adding a bit more realism and detail ( particularly to the inking ).

He began correspondence with Bahá ' ís in Iran, initially in secret, casting doubts in others ' minds about ` Abdu ' l-Bahá.

As early as 1950 Douglas examined equipping the Sparrow with an active radar seeker, initially known as XAAM-N-2a Sparrow II, the original retroactively becoming Sparrow I.

The dance was initially met with tremendous opposition due to the semblance of impropriety associated with the closed hold, though the stance gradually softened.