Before Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, it was common in country districts for shepherds to apply this cheese to wounds in order to avoid gangrene.

Before leaving, he met Milton Caniff, and the two became lifelong friends.

Before commercial Internet access became common, these networks of BBSes provided regional and international e-mail and message bases.

Before Broadway became one-way, the main bus routes along it were the New York City Omnibus Company's ( NYCO ) 6 ( Broadway below Times Square ), 7 ( Broadway and Columbus Avenue ), and 11 ( Ninth and Amsterdam Avenues ), and the Surface Transportation Corporation's M100 ( Kingsbridge ) and M104 ( Broadway Branch ).

Before chemistry became a science, alchemists had designed arcane symbols for both metals and common compounds.

Before the RISC philosophy became prominent, many computer architects tried to bridge the so called semantic gap, i. e. to design instruction sets that directly supported high-level programming constructs such as procedure calls, loop control, and complex addressing modes, allowing data structure and array accesses to be combined into single instructions.

Before the buildup to the war gay servicemembers were court-martialed, imprisoned, and dishonorably discharged, but in wartime commanding officers found it difficult to convene court-martial boards of commissioned officers and the administrative blue discharge became the military's standard method for handling gay and lesbian personnel.

Thomas was a teenager when many of the poems for which he became famous were published: " And death shall have no dominion ", " Before I Knocked " and " The Force That Through the Green Fuse Drives the Flower ".

Before digital technology became widespread, for many decades, the scanned data was transmitted as analog.

Before rail fins became ( extremely ) popular, this tendency of " single fins " led to riders " nursing " turns-this tendency was a significant limiting factor on performance.

Before gelatin became widely available as a commercial product, the most typical gelatin dessert was " calf's foot jelly ".

Before long, a falcon representing Horus became the norm as the animal on top, with the individual Pharaoh's symbol usually appearing in the box beneath the falcon, and above the stripes representing the palace.

Before she became associated with Greek mythology, she had many similarities with Artemis ( wilderness, and watching over wedding ceremonies )

Before the 18th century the Kalevala poetry was common throughout Finland and Karelia but in the 18th century it began to disappear in Finland, first in western Finland, because European rhymed poetry became more common in Finland.

Before Digital Command Control became available, this was one way of controlling two trains separately on the same track.

Before the latter became terminally ill, Bismarck did not expect he would live to see Wilhelm ascend to the throne, and thus had no strategy to deal with him.

Before leaving school, towards the end of 1855, he became assistant to the painter and professor Louis ( Lodewijk ) Jan de Taeye, whose courses in history and historical costume he had greatly enjoyed at the Academy.

Before the start of the 1994 season, San Diego was not expected to do well because they had so many newcomers via the draft and free agency ; the Chargers ended up 22 new players on their roster and 10 of them became starters.

Before cable-ready TV sets became common in the late 1980s, an electronic tuning device called a cable converter box was needed to receive the additional analog cable TV channels and transpose or convert the selected channel to analog radio frequency ( RF ) for viewing on a regular TV set on a single channel, usually VHF channel 3 or 4.

Before Paine it had been possible to be both a Christian and a deist ; now such a religious outlook became virtually untenable.

Before his conversion, Saul ( who later became better known as Paul of Tarsus ) puts followers of Jesus in prison.

Before any of the scandalous activity became widely known, Harding's popularity began to ebb, but he responded with determination to run for re-election, despite strong support emerging for the very popular Henry Ford for the Democrats.

Before blogging became popular, digital communities took many forms, including Usenet, commercial online services such as GEnie, BiX and the early CompuServe, e-mail listsThe term " e-log " has been used to describe journal entries sent out via e-mail since as early as March 1996.

Before he became a monk, Simon handed his county of the Vexin over to King Philip.

Before he became widely known as an astronaut, the film Air Cadet ( 1951 ) starring Richard Long and Rock Hudson briefly featured Grissom early in the movie as a U. S. Air Force candidate for flight school at Randolph Field, San Antonio, Texas.

Before motorized transport became widespread, drummers played a key role in military conflicts.

Before planting, it is important to arrange for pollenizers-varieties of apple or crabapple that provide plentiful, viable and compatible pollen.

Before use in Bordeaux, APS was tested and proved viable on a short section of reserved-track tramway in the French city of Marseilles.

Before slaughtering, the animal must be healthy, uninjured, and viable.

Before speciation is complete, two diverging populations may still produce viable offspring.

Before placement of an IUD, a medical history and physical examination by a medical professional is useful to check for any contraindications or concerns.

Before a diagnosis of anxiety disorder is made, physicians must rule out drug-induced anxiety and medical causes.

Before this time, emergency medical care was provided by two private ambulance services.

Before birth, complex ultrasounds performed routinely during pregnancy may indicate the presence of cerebral abnormality, but this method of diagnosis should be complemented by other methods, such as genetic studies and NMR, and the examination is not recommended as part of routine ultrasound examinations, unless family medical history or other reasons for suspecting brain malformation are present.

Before the 1960s, few countries offered safe, legal medical options and many criminalized cross-gender behaviors or mandated unproven psychiatric treatments.

Before seriously embarking upon his medical studies, Lever visited Canada as an unqualified surgeon on an emigrant ship, and has drawn upon some of his experiences in Con Cregan, Arthur O ' Leary and Roland Cashel.

Before the flight's cancellation, the flight also served medical referrals from the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands to Manila and non-USA visa alien contract workers who were unable to transit to their final destinations via Guam ; Vergara said that the alien workers " particularly were Air Micronesia ’ s captive audience.

Before 1967, including his time as a student, all of St Andrews ' clinical medical activity took place at University College, Dundee, which would eventually become the University of Dundee, of which Black later became Chancellor.

Before 1993, all women in the Royal Navy were members of the WRNS except nurses, who joined ( and still join ) Queen Alexandra's Royal Naval Nursing Service, and medical and dental officers, who were commissioned directly into the Royal Navy, held RN ranks, and wore WRNS uniform with gold RN insignia.

Before entering medical school, students must complete a four year undergraduate degree and take the Medical College Admission Test ( MCAT ).

Before graduating from a medical school and achieving the Doctor of Medicine degree, most schools require their students to take the United States Medical Licensing Examination ( USMLE ) Step 1 and both the Clinical Knowledge and Clinical Skills parts of Step 2.

Before the advent of sophisticated medical imaging techniques, surgical exploration was the standard of care.

Before his career as a game show host, Mandel was best known for his role as rowdy ER intern Dr. Wayne Fiscus on the NBC medical drama St.

Before its first night, Patrick had volunteered for the American Field Service providing medical services in support of the British Army fighting World War II.

Before long, however, Buster had a much more pivotal role to play in the war, when the powerful Decepticon, Shockwave defeated and deactivated all the Autobots, save medical officer Ratchet, and planned to create new troops using the power of the Creation Matrix within Optimus Prime's mind.

Before closing its gates, the city became a den of beggars attracted by a medical infrastructure which held more hope than the countryside.

Before the creation of NOSM, Northern Ontario had for several years been designated as " underserviced ", meaning that the region's ratio of medical professionals to the general population was not meeting the standards set by the Ministry of Health.

Before 2004, a similar exam, the Clinical Skills Assessment ( CSA ) was used to assess the clinical skills of foreign medical graduates.

Before the introduction of the UMAT as a component of university entrance requirements, the sole criterion for entry into medical or health science degrees in Australian universities was final year high school ( Year 12 ) results.

Before any person gets authorization to operate technical equipment or be on the battle field, they must take a medical and often a physical test.

Before entering politics, Roy worked as a physiotherapist, medical research co-ordinator, manager of a private kindergarten and as publicity officer for the New Zealand Portrait Gallery.

Before he was elected as Commissioner of Central Committee of CCP in the 8th National Congress of CPC in 1956, Wang went to Moscow for medical treatment and would never return.

* Before entering medical school in the late 1970s, Deuell enjoyed a career as a professional drummer and played behind such disparate artists as Ike & Tina Turner and Bob Hope.