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Before the First Sino Japanese War, China engaged in technological modernization only, buying modern weapons, ships, artillery, and building modern arsenals to produce these weapons, and only giving their soldiers modern weapons without institutional reform, and while refusing to reform the government or civil society according to western standards, unlike Japan, who adopted western style government with a Parliament and completely reoganized the army on western lines.
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Before and First
), " Before and After Avicenna: Proceedings of the First Conference of the Avicenna Study Group " ( Leiden: Brill 2003 )
First, that the " sword shall never depart from your house " ( 2 Samuel 12: 10 ) second, that " Before your very eyes I will take your wives and give them to one who is close to you, and he will sleep with your wives in broad daylight.
Before the report was published, Beatty was himself appointed First Sea Lord, and immediately requested amendments to the report.
Before Stalin's death, Beria was appointed First Deputy Premier and reappointed head of the MVD, which he merged with the MGB.
Before the First Fleet sailed to found a convict settlement in New South Wales, Governor Arthur Phillip's final instructions, received less than three weeks before sailing, included the requirement to colonise Norfolk Island to prevent it falling into the hands of France, whose naval leaders were also showing interest in the Pacific.
The First 100, 000 Years: Before the Beginnings to the Days of the Present.
Before the onset of the Second World War, the United Kingdom drew on its First World War experience to prepare legislation that would allow immediate mobilization of the economy for war, should future hostilities break out.
Before Charles's restoration, the Navigation Acts of 1650 had hurt Dutch trade by giving English vessels a monopoly, and had started the First Dutch War ( 1652 – 1654 ).
Before they surrendered to United States troops, the Mojave held lands along the river that stretched from Black Canyon, where the tall pillars of First House of Mutavilya loomed above the river, past Avi kwame or Spirit Mountain, the center of spiritual things, to the Quechan Valley, where the lands of other tribes began.
Before the German counterattack, the beach landings took place unopposed and the First Airlanding Brigade was relieved by the 8th Army as it swept inland towards Catania and Messina.
Before moving to Oakland in 1871, it was located on West I Street, just north of First Street.
Before the arrival of the First Fleet of Europeans at Sydney in 1788, indigenous Australians survived off the often unique native flora and fauna of the Australian bush, for between 40, 000 and 60, 000 years.
Before the First World War the garden required the services of 22 gardeners to maintain it, but that war lead to the deaths of no fewer than 16 of those gardners, and by 1916 the garden was being looked after by only 8 men.
Before the First World War it was not uncommon for loose horses to continue straight ahead after the jump and end up in the Leeds and Liverpool Canal itself.
The program at the Academy is guided by the Air Force's core values of " Integrity First, Service Before Self, and Excellence in All We Do ", and based on four " pillars of excellence ": military training, academics, athletics and character development.
Before Woolf had even published his final report, Sir Geoffrey Bowman, a partner at PriceWaterhouseCoopers and former First Parliamentary Counsel, was commissioned to write a report on the Civil Division of the Court of Appeal.
While famous for classic recordings from Rod Stewart, Aretha Franklin, Eric Clapton, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Rolling Stones and The Allman Brothers, recent hit songs such as " Before He Cheats " by Carrie Underwood and " I Loved Her First " by Heartland continue the city's musical legacy.
Before Maytime was finished, Schulberg announced that Bow was given the lead in the studio's biggest seasonal assessment, Poisoned Paradise, but first she was lent to First National Pictures to co-star in the adaptation of Gertrude Atherton's 1923 bestseller Black Oxen, shot in October, and to co-star with Colleen Moore in Painted People, shot in November.
Before becoming First Selectwoman in 2001, Marella was an attorney with the United States Environmental Protection Agency.
Before the town of Sand Lake was erected it was known as the First Presbyterian church of Greenbush, changing its name upon the organization of Sand Lake.
Before the outbreak of the First World War work was undertaken at Chepstow, Bodiam, Caernarfon and Tattershal ; after the end of the war various major state funded restoration projects occurred in the 1920s with Pembroke, Caerphilly and Goodrich amongst the largest of these.
Before the First World War, he lived for a time at Dymock in Gloucestershire, part of a community that included Rupert Brooke and Robert Frost.
Before her trip to Lebanon she visited Derry on one of her last official engagements to Northern Ireland, becoming the inaugural speaker at the first Conversations Across Walls and Borders event in First Derry Presbyterian Church.
Before the First World War the Naval Staff had a positive attitude to aviation and their interests were to grow during the course of the 1914 – 1918 conflict.
* Delius Brigg Fair, Dance Rhapsody No. 2, Fennimore & Gerda Intermezzo, Florida Suite Daybreak & Dance, Irmelin Prelude, On Hearing the First Cuckoo in Spring, Sleighride, Song Before Sunrise, Summer Evening, Summer Night on the River
Before and Japanese
Before leaving the islands, the Japanese rounded up and executed 750 civilians.
Before and during World War II, when Japan occupied Korea, Taiwan, parts of China, the Philippines, and various Pacific islands, locals in those countries learned Japanese as the language of the empire.
Before World War II, the Japanese colonized Manchukuo and used it as a base from which to invade China.
Before the Pacific War began, the Imperial Japanese Army formed Teishin Dan (" Raiding Brigades ") and Imperial Japanese Navy trained marine ( Rikusentai ) paratroopers.
Before the treaty was signed, Li Hongzhang was attacked by a right-wing Japanese extremist on March 24: he was fired at and wounded on his way back to his lodgings at Injoji temple.
Before 1950 the original Japanese Baseball League had been a single-table league of franchises.
Before independence, others identified a Japanese fifth column in India and some thought the British would retain certain princely states to serve them in that role.
Before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the subsequent entry of the United States into World War II, the U. S. House of Representatives held hearings on the legality of wiretapping for national defense.
Before the Japanese defeat in World War II, " Kimigayo " was understood to mean the long reign of the emperor.
Before the introduction of kanji from China, Japanese had no writing system.
Before 1982, the Japanese variety of these mushrooms could only be grown in traditional locations using ancient methods.
Before World War II the forests were mainly composed of beech but since then there has been a huge swing towards the production of faster growing Japanese cedar.
This is further supported by the translation of the Japanese spoken words from the beginning of " The Canyon Behind Her ": " This album was inspired by a painting titled ' Dream Caused By the Flight of a Bee Around a Pomegranate One Second Before Awakening '.
Surveying the wreckage of the Pacific Fleet, he remarked, " Before we're through with them, the Japanese language will be spoken only in hell.
Before returning to Japan, Nosaka gained Stalin's endorsement for the leadership of the Japanese Communist Party.
Before returning to Japan, Nosaka advised Joseph Stalin to retain the position of the Japanese Emperor, but to replace Emperor Hirohito with Crown Prince Akihito if the Communists ever gained control of Japan.
Before Midway, a small and fractional US Navy in the Pacific faced an overwhelmingly large and battle-hardened Japanese fleet.
Before the English translation of Japanese name to Zeon was canonized by Nippon Sunrise in the late 1990s, it was sometimes translated as Zion or Jion, with the latter being closer to actual pronunciation in Japanese.
Before World War II, Davao was heavily populated by Japanese immigrants.
Before the Japanese annexation in 1910, the island was usually known as Quelpart to Europeans.
Before the outbreak of World War II ; Lake Ogawara at Misawa was used by the Imperial Japanese Navy to practice for the attack on Pearl Harbor.
Before the breakup, Yoshiki had already independently collaborated with Queen drummer Roger Taylor on the single " Foreign Sand " and provided the Japanese contribution to the international Kiss tribute album Kiss My Ass: Classic Kiss Regrooved, an orchestral arrangement of the song " Black Diamond ".
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