This brought them into conflict with Britain and the Dutch Republic, which wished to preserve the independence of the southern Netherlands from France.

On the basis of Lord Lothian's praise for the natural friendship between Germany and Britain, Ribbentrop informed Hitler that all elements of British society wished for closer ties with Germany.

News of the Tsar's abdication provided a boost to those in Britain who wished to replace the monarchy with a republic.

Britain and the Commonwealth were carrying the battle for all civilization, and the overwhelming majority of Americans, led in the late election by their president, wished to help them.

Britain wished to retain some of this equipment in the immediate post war period.

Kohl agreed, although less than 20 % of West Germans supported remaining within NATO ; he also wished to avoid a neutral Germany, as he believed that would destroy NATO, cause the United States and Canada to leave Europe, and Britain and France would form an alliance.

Already in Roman days, the island was a point of departure for ships going to Britain and it had a temple of the goddess Nehalennia who was popular with those who wished to brave the waters of the North Sea.

Many of the songs they wrote had overtly political lyrics, Gillespie said the band wished to convey " what it's like to be in Britain in this day and age.

Since Britain, France and the Soviet Union were also engaged in recruiting these scientists, the Joint Intelligence Objectives Agency ( JIOA ) wished to deny their services to other powers, and therefore altered or concealed the records of their Nazi past and involvement in war crimes.

He sent a telegram to Berlin urging a positive response, yet von Bülow wished to delay negotiations until Britain was more vulnerable, especially from the ongoing war in South Africa.

Whereas other ministers such as Malcolm Rifkind wished to imply that British euro membership was unlikely, Clarke fought successfully to maintain the possibility that Britain might join a single currency under a Conservative government, but conceded that such a move could only take place on the basis of a referendum.

The Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1968, amending legislation passed in 1962, removed the right of entry from 200, 000 south Asians long resident in British East Africa who had become the victims of the Africanization drive in newly independent Kenya and wished to move to Britain.

The public terms of Tilsit mentioned the warm feelings between Napoleon and Alexander I of Russia, but the secret terms addressed more substantial issues: France permitted Russia to do as it wished with the Ottoman Empire in return for France gaining the Dalmatian coast and the Ionian Islands ; Russia gained a free hand in Finland ; and Alexander also agreed to join the Continental System if the war with Britain did not end soon.

Because of the skewed franchise, a large body of voters continued to vote for Unionists, who wished to maintain the Union that joined Britain and Ireland.

When the British annexation took place a party in the volksraad wished to go to war with Britain, but the wiser counsels of President Brand prevailed.

With the mandates of Palestine and Iraq awarded to Britain, Churchill wished to consult with Middle East experts.

After William Hague ruled out Britain joining the euro under a Conservative government, former cabinet minister Ian Gilmour said he would vote for the PECP, and four former Conservative MPs-Julian Critchley, Nicholas Scott, David Knox, Robert Hicks-and four former MEPs-Margaret Daly, Adam Fergusson, Madron Seligman and Anthony Simpson-wrote in a letter to The Times that " We would have wished that William Hague's party had put forward a manifesto more like that of the Pro Euro Conservative Party.

Lloyd George, Birkenhead and Winston Churchill ( still distrusted by many Conservatives ) wished to use armed force against Turkey ( the Chanak Crisis ), but had to back down when offered support only by New Zealand, but not Canada, Australia or South Africa ; an anonymous letter appeared in " The Times " supporting the government but stating that Britain could not " act as the policeman for the world ", and it was an open secret that the author, " A Colonial ", was in fact Bonar Law.

It was not a useful staging point for further raids on the coast and the French were not especially concerned about its loss, telling Britain during subsequent peace negotiations that they would offer nothing to exchange for it and Britain could keep it if they wished.

The news of Rodney's victories boosted national morale in Britain and strengthened the pro-war party who wished to carry on the fight.

Turkish baths were introduced to Britain by David Urquhart, diplomat and sometime Member of Parliament for Stafford, who for political and personal reasons wished to popularize Turkish culture.

In general, Newcastle shared Walpole's abhorrence of war, and wished to prevent Britain getting dragged in to major wars on the continent.

There was a period of debate in Britain between Company officers who wished to guard the original charter, and those who wished the Company ended.

Mary J. Hickman writes that " plastic Paddy " was a term used to " deny and denigrate the second-generation Irish in Britain " in the 1980s, and was " frequently articulated by the new middle class Irish immigrants in Britain, for whom it was a means of distancing themselves from established Irish communities.

If this be a spirit of aggrandizement, the undersigned are prepared to admit, in that sense, its existence ; but they must deny that it affords the slightest proof of an intention not to respect the boundaries between them and European nations, or of a desire to encroach upon the territories of Great Britain.

A combination of the French, German and Italian navies could potentially deny Britain command of the Atlantic and starve the country into submission.

If this be a spirit of aggrandizement, the undersigned are prepared to admit, in that sense, its existence ; but they must deny that it affords the slightest proof of an intention not to respect the boundaries between them and European nations, or of a desire to encroach upon the territories of Great Britain.

** Occupying Halifax, following a poison gas first strike, would deny the British a major naval base and cut links between Britain and Canada.

** Although Vancouver's distance from Europe reduces its importance, occupying it would deny Britain a naval base and cut Canada off from the Pacific Ocean.

: " If any person, of what degree soever, high or low, shall deny or gainsay our Sovereign Lord ..., King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, son and next heir unto our Sovereign Lord the last King deceased, to be the right heir to the Imperial Crown of this Realm of Great Britain and Ireland, or that he ought not to enjoy the same ; here is his Champion, who saith that he lieth, and is a false traitor, being ready in person to combat with him ; and in this quarrel will adventure his life against him, on what day soever he shall be appointed.

In fascist propaganda, the sanctions were depicted as an attempt to deny Italy its " rightful " colonial dominions, whilst at the same time Britain was trying to extend its own influence and authority.

A statement to the effect that the Greek government had requested Lord Robert Cecil to invite the mediation of the League of Nations between Greece and Turkey was officially repudiated, but at the same time Greek government circles did not deny that Greece had informed Britain of the conditions on which she was prepared to make peace with Angora ( September 20 ).

The plotters thought Britain would deny Hitler the Sudetenland, and they were certain that Hitler was not just rattling his sabers, that he would then give the order to invade the Sudetenland.

Several nations contributed vessels and maritime patrol aircraft to deny Al-Qaeda access to the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean, including the US, Australia, Britain, Canada, Germany, Netherlands and New Zealand amongst others.

Party members deny such criticism but do cite Israel as the cause of Islamic violence in Britain whilst also condemning ' Jewish bankers '.

They could almost be written by one of those strange politicians who deny there is an education crises in Britain.

" If any person, of whatever degree soever, high or low, shall deny or gainsay our Sovereign Lord George, King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, son and next heir unto our Sovereign Lord the last King deceased, to be the right heir to the imperial Crown of this realm of Great Britain and Ireland, or that he ought not to enjoy the same ; here is his Champion, who saith that he lieth, and is a false traitor, being ready in person to combat with him, and in this quarrel will adventure his life against him on what day soever he shall be appointed.

Secretary-General Hammarskjold decided that it would be preferable if the U.N. troops sent into the Congo were to come from African, or at least nonwhite, nations -- certainly not from the U.S., Russia, Great Britain or France.

At a War Cabinet meeting, held on 31 October 1917, Balfour suggested that a declaration favorable to Zionist aspirations would allow Great Britain " to carry on extremely useful propaganda both in Russia and America "

The large spindle-shaped genus Fusulina and its relatives were abundant in what is now Russia, China, Japan, North America ; other important genera include Valvulina, Endothyra, Archaediscus, and Saccammina ( the latter common in Britain and Belgium ).

During the Napoleonic Wars, Russia — supported by Great Britain in the Dardanelles Operation — blockaded the straits in 1807.

Other noted countries in the sport include Russia, Great Britain, Italy, Australia and Canada.

At the heart of the Great Game lay the willingness of Britain and Russia to subdue, subvert, or subjugate the small independent states that lay between Russia and British India.

In addition to this rivalry between Britain and Russia, there were two specific reasons for British concern over Russia's intentions.

After tension between Russia and Britain in Europe ended with the June 1878 Congress of Berlin, Russia turned its attention to Central Asia.

Russian and British troops were quickly alerted, but the two powers reached a compromise ; Russia was in possession of the oasis, and Britain believed it could keep the Russians from advancing any farther.

Like all foreign policy developments of this period affecting Afghanistan, the conclusion of the " Great Game " between Russia and Britain occurred without the Afghan ruler's participation.

The convention provided for Russian acquiescence that Afghanistan was now outside this sphere of influence, and for Russia to consult directly with Britain on matters relating to Russian-Afghan relations.

Although his reign ended abruptly, he achieved some notable successes, and his efforts failed as much due to the centrifugal forces of tribal Afghanistan and the machinations of Russia and Britain as to any political folly on his part.

Amanullah came to power just as the entente between Russia and Britain broke down following the Russian Revolution of 1917.

** The Triple Entente, an alliance between Great Britain, France and Russia

Nationalist composers emerged in Central Europe, Russia, Scandinavia, Spain and Britain: the music of Dvorak, Smetana, Grieg, Rimsky-Korsakov, Brahms, Liszt, de Falla, Wagner, Sibelius, Vaughan Williams, Bartók and many others drew upon folk melodies.

The completed films included the seven-episode Why We Fight series — consisting of Prelude to War ( 1942 ), The Nazis Strike ( 1942 ), Divide and Conquer ( 1943 ), The Battle of Britain ( 1943 ), The Battle of Russia ( 1943 ), The Battle of China ( 1944 ), War Comes to America ( 1945 ) – plus Know Your Enemy: Japan ( 1945 ), Tunisian Victory ( 1945 ), and Two Down and One to Go ( 1945 ) that do not bear the Why We Fight banner ; as well as the African-American related, The Negro Soldier ( 1944 ).

In 1813, for the fourth and final time, Austria turned against France and joined Great Britain, Russia, Prussia and Sweden in their war against Napoleon.

During its 47 years of existence, the German Empire operated as an industrial, technological and scientific giant, receiving more Nobel Prizes in science than Britain, France, Russia and the United States combined.

In 1805, Napoleon planned to invade Britain, but a renewed British alliance with Russia and Austria ( Third Coalition ), forced him to turn his attention towards the continent, while at the same time failure to lure the superior British fleet away from the English Channel, ending in a decisive French defeat at the Battle of Trafalgar on 21 October put an end to hopes of an invasion of Britain.

It slowly rebuilt its relationships, seeking alliances with Russia and Britain, to control the growing power of Germany.

On one side were Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria ( the Central Powers / Triple Alliance ), while on the other side stood Serbia and the Triple Entente – the loose coalition of France, Britain and Russia, which were joined by Italy in 1915, Romania in 1916 and by the United States in 1917.