By 1750 ninety pastors had been sent back to France to work clandestinely ; this number would rise to four hundred.

By 1750, slavery was a legal institution in all of the 13 American colonies, and the profits of the slave trade and of West Indian plantations amounted to 5 % of the British economy at the time of the Industrial Revolution.

By about 1750, however, the Saône had moved to the east bank of the Missouri River, followed 10 years later by the Oglala and Brulé ( Sicangu ).

By the middle of the 19th century, subsequent to the Industrial Revolution ( 1750 – 1850 ), the great expansion of the bourgeoisie social class caused its self-stratification — by business activity and by economic function — into the haute bourgeoisie ( bankers and industrialists ) and the petite bourgeoisie ( tradesmen and white-collar workers ).

By 1750, William had received a conditional pardon.

By 1750 they had deserted Manakin Town.

By 1750, the Osage had become a dominant tribe in the area.

By 1750, however, there were Miamis, Prankaahaws, Delawares, Shawnee, Kickapoos, Muscounteres, Huron, Weas, Wyandotts and Mohawks.

By 1750, Scots were among the most literate citizens of Europe, with an estimated 75 % level of literacy.

The main part of the tavern, originally home to the Jones family of South Acton, was built in 1732 as a house for Samuel Jones, Jr. By 1750 it had become a tavern and general store.

By 1750 nearly all the Native Americans were gone from this area.

By 1750, disputes were arising, since all the original Commissioners were dead, and they had failed to appoint replacements.

By 1750, it had grown to about.

By 1750 the herring fishery began in earnest, such that herring and timber dominated the trade.

By 1750, Tiepolo's reputation was firmly established throughout Europe, with the help of his friend Francesco Algarotti, an art dealer, critic and collector.

By 1750 the majority of the area had been sold to European settlers so when the last of the Schaghticoke group left to move north the Iroquois laid claim to what was left.

By extrapolating from modern measurements, the date on which the mean solar day would have been exactly 86400 seconds long was about 1820, neatly in the middle of the data ( from 1750 – 1890 ) which Newcomb used to prepare his Tables.

By 1750, Higo was one of the top producers of rice, and was in fact counted as a standard by the Osaka rice brokers.

By the 18th century the Maitlands had supplanted the ancient Lauders as the pre-eminent local family, and had managed to acquire most of the properties which had belonged to the ancient family, although Windpark / Wyndepark ( which overlooked Thirlestane Castle ) and its Pele Tower remained in the hands of John Lauder of Winepark and Carolside ( near Earlston ), until about 1750.

By 1750, the Lipan Apache were driven from the Southern Great Plains by their Comanche foes and their allies, the so-called Norteños.

By 1750 Jesuit missions had been established among them ( chiefly by Martin Dobrizhoffer, who had been a missionary in Paraguay for eighteen years ), and they had been Christianized and forced to become sedentary.

By around 1750 the castle church had also fallen into ruins.

By 1750, August Carl had obtained a post with the Viennese Schottenkircheorchestra.

By 1750 there were only 7 furnaces in south Wales, one of which was at Ynyscedwyn.

By then they had probably developed a taste for Madeira wine, and on 29 September near Cape Charles all they took from the Betty of Virginia was her cargo of Madeira, before they scuttled her with the remaining cargo.

By 1700, Chesapeake planters brought in about 100, 000 indentured servants, more than 75 % of all European immigrants to Virginia and Maryland.

By the end of the 18th century, the tobacco industry in Virginia had been completely ruined by soil exhaustion and low prices.

By the end of 2005, 195 nuclear submarines had been ordered or built in the US ( including the NR-1 Deep Submergence Craft and Virginia, but none of the later Virginias ).

By 1860, almost half a million people, roughly 31 % of the total population of Virginia, were enslaved.

By 1792, a party division had emerged between Federalists led by Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton, who desired a stronger federal government with a leading role in the economy, and the Democratic-Republicans led by Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson and Representative James Madison of Virginia, who favored states ' rights and opposed Hamilton's economic program.

By winning the West Virginia primary, Kennedy was able to overcome the belief that Protestant voters would not elect a Catholic candidate to the Presidency and thus sewed up the Democratic nomination for President.

By the early 19th century, independent black congregations numbered in the several hundred in some cities of the South, such as Charleston, South Carolina, and Richmond and Petersburg, Virginia.

By February 19, Atta and Shehhi were in Virginia.

By that time, railroads were proving a better method of transportation, and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad was being built west from Baltimore to Cumberland, mostly along the Potomac River, then by a more direct route than the National Road across the Allegheny Plateau of West Virginia ( then Virginia ) to Wheeling.

By the end of 2010, $ 2, 512, 000, 000 of property value had been donated as easements in Virginia for which tax credit was claimed.

By 1680, the settlement had grown, joined by others from England, Barbados, and Virginia, and relocated to its current peninsular location.

By 1663, activists from Virginia persuaded the Virginia Assembly to declare that the Virginia-Maryland border to be 30 miles north of the Pocomoke Sound, at the mouth of the Wicomico River ; and ordered the securing of allegiance of all settlers south of the Wicomico River-including the Annemessex and Manokin settlements-to Virginia.

By 1798 however, he supported President John Adams and the Federalists ; he denounced passage of the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions as he feared the social unrest and widespread executions that had followed the increasing radicalism of the French Revolution.

By order of the Virginia General Assembly, Gloucester County was formed from York County in 1651, and consisted of four parishes: Abingdon, Kingston, Petsworth and Ware.

By 1774, the Earl of Dunmore, then governor of the colonies of New York and Virginia, decided to raise an army of three thousand to go against the Shawnees in their homeland in present-day Ohio.

By the time of English colonization, there were 32 Algonquian-speaking American Indian tribes in the present-day coastal Tidewater Virginia area, including those of the Patawomeck and numerous tribes that were part of the Powhatan Confederacy.

By 1778, it was unusual to honor British officials in Virginia, fighting for its independence.

By 1634, the English colony of Virginia consisted of a total population of approximately 5, 000 inhabitants.

By the time of the American Revolution, it was the most populous county in Virginia.