* 1819 – By the Adams-Onís Treaty, Spain sells Florida to the United States for five million U. S. dollars.

By 1819 the Harmonites had built 150 log homes, a church, a community storehouse, barns, stables, and a tavern, along with thriving shops and mills, and cleared land for farming.

By the beginning of 1819 the pressure generated by poor economic conditions, coupled with the lack of suffrage in northern England, had enhanced the appeal of political radicalism.

By the beginning of 1819 the pressure generated by poor economic conditions was at its peak and had enhanced the appeal of political radicalism among the cotton loom weavers of south Lancashire.

By 1819, twenty-five camellias had bloomed in England ; that year the first monograph appeared, Samuel Curtis's, A Monograph on the Genus Camellia, whose five handsome folio colored illustrations have usually been removed from the slender text and framed.

By the mid-14th century, Ickenham was owned by the Shorediche family who retained possession until 1819.

By 1819, Arkansas Territory had been created, and Wayne County lost some of its area but still consisted of most of southern Missouri from present-day Wayne County west to the Kansas State Line and south along the Arkansas State Line.

By 1819, some settlers had come into the future Knightstown area.

By 1819, Boston Spa had a population of over 600, and several inns and other houses offering accommodation.

) By the summer of 1819, he had completed twenty-three of the set of thirty-three.

By 1820 the schoolmaster's basic salary was still fixed at £ 15, although the master at this time, William Webb, received gratuities of £ 20 in both 1818 and 1819.

By 1819 Field was sufficiently wealthy to be able to refuse the position of court pianist that was offered to him.

By 1819 Spain was forced to negotiate because it was losing its hold on its American empire, with its western colonies primed to revolt.

By the time of his 1819 expedition, Lisa had developed strong relationships with the Omaha, Ponca, Yankton and Teton Sioux, Mandan and Arikara peoples.

By virtue of one of its predecessors, the Arkansas Gazette ( founded in 1819 ), it claims to be the oldest continuously published newspaper west of the Mississippi River.

By 1809, it had become The Jews ’ Chapel, for promoting Christianity to the expanding Jewish population, and became a Methodist Chapel in 1819 ( John Wesley having preached his first covenant sermon at the nearby Black Eagle Street Chapel ).

By the beginning of 1819 the pressure generated by poor economic conditions, coupled with the lack of suffrage in northern England, had enhanced the appeal of political Radicalism in the region.

By 1819, there were 244 settlers, and by 1861 the population had risen to 4, 901, many of whom were descendants of United Empire Loyalists, veterans of the War of 1812 who had been granted land there, or the original and later settlers from Ireland.

By the spring of 1819, Keats had left his job as dresser, or assistant house surgeon, at Guy's Hospital, Southwark, London, to devote himself entirely to the composition of poetry.

By the spring of 1819, Keats had left his poorly paid position as a surgeon at Guy's Hospital, Southwark, London, to devote himself to poetry.

By 1819 he had become a partner in his father's business and was soon noted for his ability as a cotton buyer.

By 1819, José María Barreiro, who was in charge of the royalist troops in Nueva Granda, counted with at least 4, 500 trained soldiers at his command ( without including the troops scattered throughout the region ).

By 1819, he joined the Franklin Gazette, which he published with Richard Bache Jr. the son of Benjamin Franklin Bache, and grandson of Benjamin Franklin.

By 1819 he was traveling to Montreal and Quebec, purchasing supplies for Wright.

By 1000 BC Greek and Phoenician traders had begun to visit the eastern coast of Spain, establishing small trading ports and introducing the native Iberian tribes to the alphabet, iron and the pottery wheel.

By the 16th century, Spanish conquistadors began to subdue and colonize the region of present-day Chile, and the territory became a colony from 1540 to 1818, when it gained independence from Spain.

By 1653, both France and Spain had recognised England's new government.

By the time of Honorius ’ s death in 423, Britain, Spain and large parts of Gaul had effectively passed into barbarian control.

By this treaty, they accepted Philippe of Anjou as King of Spain, but allotted Austria the Spanish territories in Italy and the Spanish Netherlands.

By the end of 1968 there were at least 1, 300 Moroccan workers resident in Gibraltar and this more than doubled following the final closure of the frontier with Spain in June 1969.

By provoking Britain, France, the Netherlands and the Empire to form the Quadruple Alliance, his hasty and ambitious plans brought a flood of disaster to Spain, for which Alberoni was held responsible.

By the war's end, the U. S. government had obtained control of all of Cuba from Spain.

By the mid-13th century Emirate of Granada was the only independent Muslim realm in Spain, which would last until 1492.

By the baroque period, in Italy and Spain, more strings were added to allow for chromatic notes ; these were usually in a second line of strings.

By this long route, Spain reaped some of the profits of Far Eastern commerce.

By the time Monroe became president, several European powers, in particular Spain, were attempting to re-establish control over South America.

By the time Madison was standing for reelection, the Peninsular War in Spain had spread, while at the same time Napoleon invaded Russia, and the entire continent again descended into war.

By January 1944, Germany had diplomatic relations with only a handful of countries: Argentina, Ireland, Vichy France, the Salo Republic in Italy, Occupied Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Croatia, Bulgaria, Switzerland, the Holy See, Spain, Portugal, Turkey, Thailand, Japan, and the Japanese puppet states of Manchukuo and the Wang Jingwei regime in China.

By that date, the following nations had deposited instruments of definitive adherence to the pact: Afghanistan, Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, China, Cuba, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, Guatemala, Hungary, Iceland, Latvia, Liberia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Peru, Portugal, Romania, the Soviet Union, the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, Siam, Spain, Sweden, and Turkey.

By the same treaty, Spain assumed the role of protecting power over the northern and southern ( Ifni ) zones on November 27 that year.

By the 11th century, clear glass mirrors were being produced in Moorish Spain.

By 1570, the southern part of New Spain was designated the Captaincy General of Guatemala.

By this time, however, Panama ’ s importance and influence had become insignificant as Spain ’ s power dwindled in Europe and advances in navigation technique increasingly permitted to round Cape Horn in order to reach the Pacific.

By coming down solidly on the side of Spanish interests, in part because Gregory XIV was elected due to the influence of the Spanish cardinals, the recent papal policy of trying to maintain a balance between Spain and France was abandoned.

* March 23 – Anglo-Spanish War ( 1654 – 1660 ): By the Treaty of Paris, France and England form an alliance against Spain ; England will receive Dunkirk.

By marrying his son Philip the Handsome to the future Queen Joanna of Castile in 1498, Maximilian established the Habsburg dynasty in Spain and allowed his grandson Charles to hold the throne of both León-Castile and Aragon, thus making him the first de jure King of Spain.

By contrast, the Dominican order, a teaching order founded by St Dominic in 1215, to propagate and defend Christian doctrine, placed more emphasis on the use of reason and made extensive use of the new Aristotelian sources derived from the East, and Moorish Spain.