By 1880, almost a thousand Chinese people, " one for every five Caucasians ," lived in Carson City.

By 1880, Germany had 9, 400 locomotives pulling 43, 000 passengers and 30, 000 tons of freight a day, and forged ahead of France.

By 1880, Germany had 9, 400 locomotives pulling 43, 000 passengers and 30, 000 tons of freight, and pulled ahead of France

File: Pierre-Auguste Renoir-By the Water. jpg | By the Water, 1880, Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois

By 1880, sugar beet was the main source of sugar in Europe though the United Kingdom continued to import the main part of its sugar from its colonies.

By 1880, Toledo was one of the largest cities in Ohio.

By 1880, Scrooge came to realise that his earnings were not enough despite his hard work and efforts.

By 1880, the enclave around Five Points was estimated to have from 200 to as many as 1, 100 members.

By 1880, William Thomson ( lord Kelvin ) tried to propose a gyrostat ( tope ) to the British Navy.

By this time, Oxford also had a London warehouse for bible stock in Paternoster Row, and in 1880 its manager Henry Frowde was given the formal title of Publisher to the University.

By late 1880 William Bell had begun to organize railway construction in Utah that would become the Palmer controlled Denver and Rio Grande Western Railway in mid 1881.

By 1880, Germany became the largest sugar beet to sugar producer in the world.

By 1880 Houghton had become " a burgeoning city " and in 1883, the railroad was extended from Marquette.

By 1880, sculpture had become one more strand to Degas's continuing endeavour to explore different media, although the artist displayed only one sculpture publicly during his lifetime.

By around 1880, he added a stinger to the butterfly image to create a mark representing both his gentle, sensitive nature and his provocative, feisty spirit.

By 1880, it was discovered that replacing the branches with a frame covered by thin fabric would effectively protect plants from the beetle.

By 1900, the town ’ s population had grown to over 12, 000, with a 50 % increase from 1880 to 1900.

By 1880, it spilled over into Lynn County.

By 1880 the United States Census counted forty residents in the county.

By 1880 the population was 4, 347, and all except women and the 114 African Americans were fair game for the parties looking for votes.

By 1880, Germans accounted for 40 percent of the county population.

By 1880, a general store was established at that location, and its owner was community namesake Silas Rayl.

By 1880, Langley's bolometer was refined enough to detect thermal radiation from a cow a quarter of a mile away.

By 1880, a post office had been established.

By 1880, the company had shut down, and by 1888, the population declined to less than 10 people.

" By this time, Leavitt Thaxter had taken on the role, described in an act passed by the General Court of Massachusetts, as " guardian of the Indians and people of color resident at Chappequiddic and Indiantown in the County of Dukes County.

By 1777 the situation came to a stand-off: Leavitt refused to accept his salary in rapidly-depreciating colonial currency.

By comparing this to the periodicity of the variables as measured by Leavitt, he was able to estimate a distance of 10, 000 parsecs ( 30, 000 light years ) between the Sun and the SMC.

By 2001, the show's research team consisted of head researcher Alice Wilder ( who joined the team shortly after its debut and who, according to Tracy, reinvented the role of research in children's television and helped train the writers and animators to trust and use research ), Alison Sherman, Karen Leavitt, and Koshi Dhingra.

* The Psychological effects of war and violence on children By Lewis A. Leavitt, Nathan A.

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Leavitt.

" By 1923 however, Gropius was no longer evoking images of soaring Romanesque cathedrals and the craft-driven aesthetic of the " Völkisch movement ", instead declaring " we want an architecture adapted to our world of machines, radios and fast cars.

By the late 1950s a wave of Japanese machines forced most North American typewriter companies to cease business, but Tramiel instead turned to adding machines.

By the 1st century AD, cattle and horses were used in mills, driving machines similar to those powered by humans in earlier times.

By the early 1970s, the picture changed: software costs were dramatically increasing, a growing software industry was competing with the hardware manufacturer's bundled software products ( free in that the cost was included in the hardware cost ), leased machines required software support while providing no revenue for software, and some customers able to better meet their own needs did not want the costs of " free " software bundled with hardware product costs.

By 1896, it was clear that more money could be made by showing motion picture films with a projector to a large audience than exhibiting them in peep-show machines.

By the 20th century, earlier mechanical calculators, cash registers, accounting machines, and so on were redesigned to use electric motors, with gear position as the representation for the state of a variable.

By 1987 the list included the Encore Multimax and Sequent Balance machines, testing Mach's ability to run on multiprocessor systems.

By 1964 such machines had been installed in most of China's major cities.

By the time of the First World War, the mass advertising and popularity of the Victor Talking Machine Company's Victrolas ( a line of disc-playing machines characterized by their concealed horns ) was leading to widespread generic use of the word " victrola " for any machine that played discs, which were however still called " phonograph records " or simply " records ", almost never " victrola records ".

By the late 1800s, Franz Reuleaux identified hundreds of machine elements ( calling them " simple machines ").

By 1908 lots of " bell " machines were installed in most cigar stores, saloons, bowling alleys, brothels and barber shops.

By the late 1700s a number of crude ginning machines had been developed, however, to produce a bale of cotton required over 600 hours of human labor, making large scale production uneconomical in the United States, even with the use of humans as slave labor.

By the end of the 2nd World War, the Italians launched the ' age of crèma ' as the new coffee machines could create a higher pressure, leading to a finer grind and the now so classic ' crèma '.

By the middle of the 19th century, manufacture of large submarine telegraph cables was done using machines similar to those used for manufacture of mechanical cables.

By doing this we free the space required by the reference, which can add up if done many times, and also improve locality of reference, enhancing performance on modern machines.

By around 1977, most pinball machines in production switched to using solid state electronics for both operation and scoring.

By 1998, Sega's 128-bit console, the Dreamcast, could produce 3D graphics on-par with arcade machines at the time.

By way of example, clocks and other low-power machines, such as Cox's timepiece, have been designed to run on the differences in barometric pressure or temperature between night and day.

By 1954, The McDonald brothers ' stand was restaurant equipment manufacturer Prince Castle's biggest purchaser of milkshake blending machines.

By 1967 these problems were cleared up, and the machines were re-launched along with an upgraded version of the GECOS operating system.

By the late 1970s, design using programmable logic device ( PLD )' s became popular, although these designs were primarily limited to design finite state machines.

By 1911 it had sold one million machines and grown to almost 6, 000 employees.

By the mid-1980s daisy wheel technology was rapidly becoming obsolete due to the growing spread of affordable laser and inkjet machines, and daisy wheel machines soon disappeared except for the small remaining typewriter market.