By 1949, the CPC had established control over most of the country ( see Chinese Civil War ).

By May 1949, the initial orders provided a primitive relocating assembler taking advantage of the mnemonic design described above, all in 31 words.

By 1949, the United States and British intelligence organizations were working with King Zog and the mountain men of his personal guard.

By 1949, commercial quantities of Grade A 99. 95 % helium were available.

By 1949 the U. S. and Britain agreed that West Germany had to be rearmed to strengthen the defenses of Western Europe against a possible Soviet invasion.

By the time the first national elections were held in the Federal Republic in 1949, Kiesinger had joined the Christian Democratic Union ( CDU ) and won a seat in the Bundestag, the West German parliament.

By 1949 Schaeffer's compositional work was known publicly as musique concrète ( Palombini 1993, 14 ).

By 1949, North Korea was a full-fledged Communist dictatorship.

By 1949 this percentage had risen to 90 %.

) By the late 1940s, head coach Earle " Greasy " Neale and running back Steve Van Buren led the team to three consecutive NFL Championship Games, winning two of them in 1948 and 1949.

By request of the Government of Newfoundland, the United Kingdom resumed its direct rule of Newfoundland in 1934, and it kept that until Newfoundland and Labrador became a province of Canada in 1949.

By 1949 over 8500 students were enrolled, however most still studying non-degree courses.

By 1948, the house was declared to be in imminent danger of collapse, forcing President Truman to commission a reconstruction and move across the street to Blair House from 1949 to 1951.

By 1949, with the success of television threatening the film industry more and more, Harry Warner decided to shift his focus towards television production.

By the latter part of the decade, Barcelona began to emerge as a force when they were crowned champions in 1945, 1948 and 1949.

In 1949, she published a book about her brother, Dalí As Seen By His Sister.

By 1949 governmental control was wrested from the planters and, in 1958, Adams became Premier of Barbados.

By decree of Pope Pius XII in 1949, the remains of Pius VI were moved to the Chapel of the Madonna below St. Peter's in the Papal Grotto.

By the end of 1949, this operation fully utilised five Freighters, which carried 2, 700 cars and 10, 000 passengers.

By the time the civil contribution to the Airlift was scaled down in February 1949, the company's three Bristol Freighters were the last twin-engined airliners employed in this operation.

By 1949, the first international board governing trade, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ( GATT ) was established.

By 1949, Davis and Sherry were estranged and Hollywood columnists were writing that Davis's career was at an end.

" By 1949, economics dictated that the string section be dropped.

By 1949, Tokyo was given only 10. 9 % of the budget ; at the same time there was runaway inflation devaluing the money as Japan was spending more than it was bringing in from taxes.

By 1927, Pasternak's close friends Vladimir Mayakovsky and Nikolai Aseyev were advocating the complete subordination of the Arts to the needs of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

By 1988, several people demanded reform within the Communist Party itself.

By 1960, the vast majority of country-states were nominally democracies, although most of the world's populations lived in nations that experienced sham elections, and other forms of subterfuge ( particularly in Communist nations and the former colonies.

By March 1943, the first National Conference of the Communist Party elected Hoxha formally as First Secretary.

By the end of 1946, the Communist Democratic Army of Greece had been formed, pitted against the governmental National Army, which was backed first by Britain and after 1947 by the United States.

By the end of September, the Italian and French Communist Parties had decided to set up a column.

By July 1945, Stalin's troops effectively controlled the Baltic States, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria and Romania, and refugees were fleeing out of these countries fearing a Communist take-over.

By July, the Red Army effectively controlled the Baltic States, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria and Romania, and refugees were fleeing out of these countries fearing a Communist take-over.

#: By that time the governments of Romania, Bulgaria, and Hungary were Communist.

By 1918 it became part of the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, and remained so until 1941, apart from a brief period of six months in 1920 when Skopje was controlled by the Yugoslav Communist Party.

By the mid-1920s membership was already declining due to government repression and it decreased again substantially during a contentious organizational schism in 1924 when the organization split between the " Westerners " and the " Easterners " over a number of issues, including the role of the General Administration ( often oversimplified as a struggle between " centralists " and " decentralists ") and attempts by the Communist Party to dominate the organization.

By the close of the tenth plenary session in December 1988, the Communist Party was forced, after strikes, to approach leaders of Solidarity for talks.

By contrast, the leaders of the former Warsaw Pact intelligence community, when I was one of them, looked up to Andropov as the man who substituted the KGB for the Communist party in governing the Soviet Union, and who was the godfather of Russia's new era of deception operations aimed at improving the badly damaged image of Soviet rulers in the West.

By 1928, deserters and defecting Kuomintang army units, supplemented by peasants from the Communist rural soviets, formed the Chinese Workers ' and Peasants ' Red Army.

By 1930, the Communist Red Army had established the Chinese Soviet Republic in the provinces of Jiangxi and Fujian around the city of Ruijin, including industrial facilities.

By the late 1990s, the Communist Party's relationship to the growing Falun Gong movement had become increasingly tense.

By the time the items arrived in Taiwan, the Communist army had already seized control of the Palace Museum collection so not all of the collection could be sent to Taiwan.

By the mid-to-late 1950s Lê had become the second-most powerful policy-maker within the Communist Party, eclipsing former party First Secretary Trường Chinh.

By 1922, the size of the entire Communist Party in China was only about 200 members, not counting those overseas.

By 1965 Zhao was the Party secretary of Guangdong province, despite not being a member of the Communist Party Central Committee.

By 1949 the Civil War was effectively over, with the Communist insurgents ceasing the majority of their operations, and the task of rebuilding the shattered north of the country began.

By the mid-1990s, though, Roth would tamp down on the self-referentiality, and reintroduce Zuckerman as witness and narrator in a trilogy of historical novels: American Pastoral ( 1997 ), I Married a Communist ( 1998 ), and The Human Stain ( 2000 ).

By 1848 the Communist Manifesto had been published with a fully developed theory of revolutionary socialism.