By 1949, the CPC had established control over most of the country ( see Chinese Civil War ).

By May 1949, the initial orders provided a primitive relocating assembler taking advantage of the mnemonic design described above, all in 31 words.

By 1949, the United States and British intelligence organizations were working with King Zog and the mountain men of his personal guard.

By 1949, commercial quantities of Grade A 99. 95 % helium were available.

By 1949 the U. S. and Britain agreed that West Germany had to be rearmed to strengthen the defenses of Western Europe against a possible Soviet invasion.

By the time the first national elections were held in the Federal Republic in 1949, Kiesinger had joined the Christian Democratic Union ( CDU ) and won a seat in the Bundestag, the West German parliament.

By 1949 Schaeffer's compositional work was known publicly as musique concrète ( Palombini 1993, 14 ).

By 1949 this percentage had risen to 90 %.

) By the late 1940s, head coach Earle " Greasy " Neale and running back Steve Van Buren led the team to three consecutive NFL Championship Games, winning two of them in 1948 and 1949.

By request of the Government of Newfoundland, the United Kingdom resumed its direct rule of Newfoundland in 1934, and it kept that until Newfoundland and Labrador became a province of Canada in 1949.

By 1949 over 8500 students were enrolled, however most still studying non-degree courses.

By 1948, the house was declared to be in imminent danger of collapse, forcing President Truman to commission a reconstruction and move across the street to Blair House from 1949 to 1951.

By 1949, with the success of television threatening the film industry more and more, Harry Warner decided to shift his focus towards television production.

By the latter part of the decade, Barcelona began to emerge as a force when they were crowned champions in 1945, 1948 and 1949.

In 1949, she published a book about her brother, Dalí As Seen By His Sister.

By 1949 governmental control was wrested from the planters and, in 1958, Adams became Premier of Barbados.

By decree of Pope Pius XII in 1949, the remains of Pius VI were moved to the Chapel of the Madonna below St. Peter's in the Papal Grotto.

By 1949, the Communist Party of China's ( CPC ) People's Liberation Army had largely defeated the Kuomintang ( KMT )' s National Revolutionary Army in the Chinese Civil War on the mainland.

By the end of 1949, this operation fully utilised five Freighters, which carried 2, 700 cars and 10, 000 passengers.

By the time the civil contribution to the Airlift was scaled down in February 1949, the company's three Bristol Freighters were the last twin-engined airliners employed in this operation.

By 1949, the first international board governing trade, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ( GATT ) was established.

By 1949, Davis and Sherry were estranged and Hollywood columnists were writing that Davis's career was at an end.

" By 1949, economics dictated that the string section be dropped.

By 1949, Tokyo was given only 10. 9 % of the budget ; at the same time there was runaway inflation devaluing the money as Japan was spending more than it was bringing in from taxes.

By what right of superior virtue, Southerners ask, do the people of the North do this??

By warning that free blacks would flood the North, Democrats made gains in the 1862 elections, but they did not gain control of Congress.

The largest species are red alder ( A. rubra ) on the west coast of North America, and black alder ( A. glutinosa ), native to most of Europe and widely introduced elsewhere, both reaching over 30 m. By contrast, the widespread Alnus viridis ( green alder ) is rarely more than a 5 m tall shrub.

By the 1960s, as VFL clubs increasingly recruited the best players from other states, they began to dominate the competition and the last match was played in 1976, with North Adelaide being the last non-Victorian winner in 1972.

By the time of the cancellation, Nintendo's NES dominated the North American market, controlling 80 % while Atari Corp. controlled just 12 %.

By the mid 20th century, with the growing market for rare coins, the Sheldon system was adopted by the American Numismatic Association and most coin professionals in the North America.

By the mid-1960s, parts of Cambodia's eastern provinces were serving as bases for North Vietnamese Army and Viet Cong ( NVA / VC ) forces operating against South Vietnam, and the port of Sihanoukville was being used to supply them.

By 1973, the CPK were fighting battles against government forces with little or no North Vietnamese troop support, and they controlled nearly 60 % of Cambodia's territory and 25 % of its population.

By far, the best known representation is the animated Wile E. Coyote, Super Genius, whose popularity has spread the three-syllable Spanish pronunciation of the word coyote throughout English-speaking North America.

By the Oligocene, all three subfamilies of canids ( Hesperocyoninae, Borophaginae, and Caninae ) had appeared in the fossil records of North America.

By 0. 3 Mya, Canis lupus ( the gray wolf ) was fully developed and had spread throughout Europe and northern Asia ; and Beringia offered a way to North America.

By the late 1950s a wave of Japanese machines forced most North American typewriter companies to cease business, but Tramiel instead turned to adding machines.

By this theory, the name of the Geordie lamp attached to the North East pit men themselves.

By 1866 any native of the North East could be called a Geordie.

By 2006, only two elderly Cubans still crossed the base's North East Gate daily to work on the base, because the Cuban government prohibits new recruitment.

By 25 January, Operation North Wind had officially ended.

By 8500 – 8000 BC farming communities began to spread to Anatolia, North Africa and north Mesopotamia.

" By 1965 Rosenbloom had decided to stop manufacturing guitars and chose to become the exclusive North American distributor for Ibanez guitars.

According to the Harvard University Library, " By the late 19th century, 70 to 90 % of the urban populations of Europe and North America were infected with the TB bacillus, and about 80 % of those individuals who developed active tuberculosis died of it.

By the terms of the Local Government Act 2001, the counties of North Tipperary and South Tipperary were created.

By linking acquisition of new lands in Oregon ( with no slavery ) and Texas ( with slavery ), he hoped to satisfy both North and South.

By the 1970s and 1980s the sport had expanded beyond Japan and had reached North America and Europe.

By the end of the 20th century, almost the only steam power still in regular use in North America and Western European countries was on heritage railways largely aimed at tourists and / or railroad hobbyists, known as ' railfans ' or ' railway enthusiasts ', although some narrow gauge lines in Germany which form part of the public transport system, running to all-year-round timetables retain steam for all or part of their motive power.

By the late 1960s, few major railroads in North America, Europe and Oceania continued to operate steam locomotives, although significant numbers still existed outside these areas.

By the end of the last ice age ( 10, 000 – 12, 000 years ago ), camelids were extinct in North America.