By the time of the 28th Congress of the CPSU in July 1990, the party was largely regarded as being unable to lead the country and had, in fifteen republics, split into opposing factions favouring either independent republics or the continuation of the Soviet Union.

By 1990 the Soviet government had lost control over economic conditions.

By 1990, an estimated 50 % of islanders had some degree of proficiency in Corsican, and a small minority, perhaps 10 %, used Corsican as a first language.

By the end of 1990 almost 15 million homes had been included in franchised areas, but only 828, 000 of these had been passed by broadband cable and only 149, 000 were actually subscribing.

By 1990, Compaq Europe was a $ 2 billion business, and foreign sales contributed 54 percent of Compaq's revenues.

By 1990, after efforts by Wendy's agency, Backer Spielvolgel Bates, to get humor into the campaign, a decision was made to portray Thomas in a more self-deprecating and folksy manner, which proved much more popular with test audiences.

By 1990, floorball was recognized in 7 countries, and by the time of the first European Floorball Championships in 1994, that number had risen to 14.

By 1990, Chile had fulfilled Hayek's prediction by transitioning to a democratic state as established in the 1980 Constitution of Chile approved during the Pinochet regime.

By 1990 an additional five free zones were in operation in Omoa, Coloma, Tela, La Ceiba, and Amapala.

By 1990 the poorest parts of Malaysia were rural Sabah and Sarawak, which lagged significantly behind the rest of the country.

By 1990, income per capita in Japan equalled or surpassed that in most countries in the West.

By 1990 Japan's interaction with the vast majority of Asia-Pacific countries, especially its burgeoning economic exchanges, was multifaceted and increasingly important to the recipient countries.

By October, a first quarter 1990 release was envisaged.

By the middle of 1990, Taylor controlled much of the country, and by June laid siege to Monrovia.

By 1990 only a handful of Polonized Germans, prewar citizens of Liegnitz, remained of the pre-1945 German population.

By December 1990, a study to estimate the project's cost determined that long-term expenditure would total approximately 450 billion dollars spread over 20 to 30 years.

By the time of Windows 3. 0's 1990 release, PCs had caught up in processing power and had acquired a graphical interface, and software titles began to see release on multiple platforms.

By November 1990, only four months later, the 5th Battalion had deployed and in early 1991 the 21st Guards Battalion had also been formed, four staff courses had been run, support weapons and logistics training was well advanced ( indeed a logistics battalion deployed as early as July 1990 ) and an operational test exercise had been conducted.

By a law that took effect in April 1990, the EPS became subordinate to President Chamorro as commander in chief.

By the end of 1989, the last hardline members of the party's Central Committee had either resigned or been pushed out, followed in 1990 by 95 % of the SED's 2. 3 million members.

By early 1990, the PDS was no longer a Marxist-Leninist party, though neo-marxist and communist minority factions continue to exist.

By the time of the Twenty-Eighth Party Congress in July 1990, the CPSU was regarded by liberals and nationalists of the constituent republics as anachronistic and unable to lead the country.

By 1990 the government had virtually lost control over economic conditions.

By late 1990, Phish's concerts were becoming more and more intricate, often making a consistent effort to involve the audience in the performance.

By the fall of that year, their benefactor Haines died suddenly and the Alcotts again suffered financial difficulty.

By 1987 Ethernet was clearly winning the standards battle over Token Ring, and in the middle of that year Apple introduced EtherTalk 1. 0 for the newly released Macintosh II computer.

By working with Motorola, AMD was able to refine copper interconnect manufacturing to the production stage about one year before Intel.

By 1559 the Germany city of Aachen alone was capable of producing 300, 000 cwt of brass per year.

By the following year their ranks had grown to include German painter, sculptor and designer Oskar Schlemmer who headed the theater workshop, and Swiss painter Paul Klee, joined in 1922 by Russian painter Wassily Kandinsky.

By 1704, the War of the Spanish Succession was in its fourth year.

The money was devoted largely to developing “ technical advice on the conduct of defoliation and anti-crop activities in Southeast Asia .” By the end of fiscal year 1962, the Chemical Corps had let or were negotiating contracts for over one thousand chemical defoliants.

By the age of four, he was able to play 40 pieces on the piano ; his mother began formally teaching him the next year.

By the end of the year, all French and Zairian troops were withdrawn.

By 1972, the economic progress of Allende's first year had been reversed, and the economy was in crisis.

By convention, a calendar year consists of a natural number of days.

By the early 2000s, the CD largely replaced the audio cassette player as standard equipment in new automobiles, with 2010 being the final model year for any car in the US to have a factory-equipped cassette player.

By 1968, the design had reached the one known today, and has been used continuously from this year, apart from a period in the 1970s when the just the letters CAFC appeared on the team's shirts.

By the end of the year, 365 Uyezd-level Chekas were established.

By January 1934, the second year of the CCC program, 300, 000 men were enrolled.

By the end of the year Mobutu had created a rival government with its own prime minister.

By 1959 more than 1, 000 homes a year were being constructed.

" By the end of the following year he had taken up the ukelele and tea-chest bass and begun to participate in skiffle sessions with friends, and had started to play the piano ; meanwhile his stage presentation of numbers by both Presley and Chuck Berry — complete with gyrations in tribute to the original artists — to his local Wolf Cub group was described as " mesmerizing ... like someone from another planet.

By the year 2010 there were 5, 906 Dominican friars, including 4, 456 priests.

By 2010, the market for Ethernet equipment amounted to over $ 16 billion per year.

By the end of the year he had founded the ( the Metropolitan Church of Art of the Leading Christ ).

By mistake, the year of his birth was given as 1848, not the correct 1845.

By the end of the year, it had surpassed competitor Ultima Online in number of subscriptions.

By the 6th year, peasants abandoning fields and rebellion became rampant.

By 1969 West German cinema attendance at 172. 2 million visits per year was less than a quarter of its 1956 post-war peak.