By 1991 the country was completely transformed into a modern industrialized state.

By 1991 the communist governments of Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland and Romania, all of which had been imposed after World War II, were brought down as revolution swept Eastern Europe.

By 1991 there were enough African Esperantists to warrant a pan-African congress.

By 1991, it was relatively easy to produce gram-sized samples of fullerene powder using the techniques of Donald Huffman, Wolfgang Krätschmer and Konstantinos Fostiropoulos.

By 1991 President Callejas had achieved modest success in controlling inflation.

By 1991 the public-sector deficit was entirely financed with net external credit.

* Passing By: Selected Essays, 1962 – 1991 ( 1992 )

By summer 1991, Dahmer was murdering approximately one person each week.

By 1991, Bacon began to give up the idea of playing leading men in big-budget films and to remake himself as a character actor.

By 1991, it appeared to many that SGML would be limited to commercial and data-based applications while WYSIWYG tools ( which stored documents in proprietary binary formats ) would suffice for other document processing applications.

By the end of 1991, however, two years before the termination of the plan, no quantitative plan targets had been made public, an indication that the plan has not fared well.

By November 1990, only four months later, the 5th Battalion had deployed and in early 1991 the 21st Guards Battalion had also been formed, four staff courses had been run, support weapons and logistics training was well advanced ( indeed a logistics battalion deployed as early as July 1990 ) and an operational test exercise had been conducted.

By 1991, economic and political turmoil were beginning to boil over, as the Baltic republics chose to secede from the Union.

In the US, the new novels Moscow Club ( 1991 ) by Joseph Finder, Masquerade ( 1996 ) by Gayle Lynds, and The Unlikely Spy ( 1996 ) by Daniel Silva, and in the UK, A Spy By Nature ( 2001 ) by Charles Cumming and Remembrance Day ( 2000 ) by Henry Porter, maintained the spy novel in the post – Cold War world.

By 1991, the Shining Path had control of much of the countryside of the center and south of Peru and had a large presence in the outskirts of Lima.

By the 1991 season, the Cowboys finished with an 11-5 record and made the playoffs for the first time in six years.

By December 1991, that Association had received reports of 60 common graves and had investigated 15 of them.

By 1991 heavy use of mineral fertilizers and agricultural chemicals was a major cause of pollution in the republic.

By 1991 Microsoft added TrueType into the Windows 3. 1 operating system.

By coincidence, the last palindrome year ( 1991 ) was also a common year starting on Tuesday.

By 1991, the newly formed band had signed a recording contract with Virgin Records and enlisted the help of several drummers / percussionists ( Jim Keltner, Michael Urbano and Phil Jones ), issuing their first album, Cracker, in 1992.

By the end of the decade, Hughes ' realised his ongoing drug problem was derailing him, and by 1991 a clean, sober and fully rejuvenated Hughes returned with the vocal for the hit " America: What Time Is Love?

By 1991, Sesame Street and its songwriters had received eight Grammys.

By 1991, US arcade video game revenues had fallen to $ 2. 1 billion.

By the beginning of 1991, the government controlled only 10 percent of Afghanistan, the eleven year Siege of Khost had ended in a mujahideen victory and the morale of the Afghan military finally collapsed.

By maintaining the nuclear deterrent, but gearing American military forces to fight conventional wars too, Secretary of State Rusk junks bluff and nuclear brinkmanship and builds more muscle and greater safety into our military position.

By this standard, it is determined that where two stations operating on the same frequency are involved, objectionable interference from station A exists at any point within the service area of station B where station A's signal is of an intensity one-twentieth or more of the strength of station B's signal at that point.

By sharing the load of important speeches with his colleagues, the president can develop a cadre of able spokesmen who will help to create a public perception of the university as an institution, something more than the lengthened shadow of one man.

By this time Henri's entire chest-back-lat-shoulder area is pumped-up to almost bursting point, and Claude takes time to do a bit more pectoral-front deltoid shaping work.

By contrast, even experienced linguists commonly know no more of the range of possibilities in tone systems than the over-simple distinction between register and contour languages.

) By its greater corporeal presence and its greater extraneousness, the affixed paper or cloth serves for a seeming moment to push everything else into a more vivid idea of depth than the simulated printing or simulated textures had ever done.

By the spring of 1863, he was ready to recruit black troops in more than token numbers.

By reducing detail in one direction more than another, these effects can be reduced.

The largest species are red alder ( A. rubra ) on the west coast of North America, and black alder ( A. glutinosa ), native to most of Europe and widely introduced elsewhere, both reaching over 30 m. By contrast, the widespread Alnus viridis ( green alder ) is rarely more than a 5 m tall shrub.

By late 1053 Ealdred was once more in royal favour.

By the 1950s, the development of civil jets grew, beginning with the de Havilland Comet, though the first widely-used passenger jet was the Boeing 707, because it was much more economical than other planes at the time.

By the end of the book, Paul realizes that he no longer knows what to do with himself and decides that he has nothing more to lose.

By the 5th century AD, Rome was in decline and the Roman predecessor town of Alicante, known as Lucentum ( Latin ), was more or less under the control of the Visigothic warlord Theudimer.

By the 1960s, more citizens worked in service industries or for the canton-level government than in manufacturing.

By contrast, in an inquisitiorial system, the fact that the defendant has confessed is merely one more fact that is entered into evidence, and a confession by the defendant does not remove the requirement that the prosecution present a full case.

By opening the stop wider, similar deviations arise for lateral points as have been already discussed for axial points ; but in this case they are much more complicated.

By 1970, LAFTA expanded to include four more Latin American nations: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela.

By having separate units, it was possible to operate on more than one floating point instruction at once.

By 1818, the Sadozai rulers who succeeded Ahmad Shah controlled little more than Kabul and the surrounding territory within a 160-kilometer radius.

Zinc metal was also becoming more commonplace By 1513 metallic zinc ingots from India and China were arriving in London and pellets of zinc condensed in furnace flues at the Rammelsberg in Germany were exploited for cementation brass making from around 1550.

By contrast, in mainstream Analytical philosophy the topic is more confined to abstract investigation, in the work of such influential theorists as W. V. O. Quine, to name one of many.

By the time the army had expanded to over 200, 000 men with hundreds of thousands of more reserve troops.

By lowering the activation energy, the enzyme speeds up that reaction by a rate of 10 < sup > 11 </ sup > or more: a reaction that would normally take over 3, 000 years to complete spontaneously might take less than a second with an enzyme.

By World War II, the use of the smaller divisions, platoons and companies, became much more important as precise operations became vital.

By making these data available to local public health officials in real time, most models of anthrax epidemics indicate that more than 80 % of an exposed population can receive antibiotic treatment before becoming symptomatic, and thus avoid the moderately high mortality of the disease.