By changing Bovril to a non-meat base, Unilever hoped to increase sales there, where people enjoy Bovril stirred into porridge.

By inserting separate, successive sections of V. cholerae DNA into the DNA of other bacteria, such as E. coli that would not naturally produce the protein toxins, researchers have investigated the mechanisms by which V. cholerae responds to the changing chemical environments of the stomach, mucous layers, and intestinal wall.

By the early 1860s, the relationship between the imperial court and the Shogunate was changing radically.

By 1960, having been influenced more by jazz music than blues, Brown began incorporating jazz styled arrangements in his music, with Brown naming the Famous Flames hits " I'll Go Crazy " and " Think " as examples of his changing style away from more traditional forms of R & B and rock ' n ' roll.

By changing the order in which the stitches are knit, the wales can be made to cross.

By re-assessing and changing the light sources used, it is often possible to reduce energy use and pollutive effects while simultaneously greatly improving efficiency and visibility.

By changing the settings on the scanner, this effect is used to create contrast between different types of body tissue or between other properties, as in fMRI and diffusion MRI.

By changing the balance it is possible to influence the anisotropy of the etching, since the chemical part is isotropic and the physical part highly anisotropic the combination can form sidewalls that have shapes from rounded to vertical.

By contrast, natural languages have changing meanings given by their users in different communities.

By changing the shape of the plane, thousands of puzzles can be played ( although only a relatively small selection of these puzzles are available in print ).

By changing cylinders to reload ( an early example of a speedloader ), the gun was fired and reloaded to fire a total of 63 rounds in seven minutes.

By the 1920s psychoanalysts assumed that homosexuality was pathological and that attempts to treat it were appropriate, although psychoanalytic opinion about changing homosexuality was largely pessimistic.

By changing the title, Austen added " philosophical depth " to what began as a sketch of two characters.

By changing the rigging, rudder, and sometimes the keel or centre board, a sailor manages the force of the wind on the sails in order to move the vessel relative to its surrounding medium ( typically water, but also land and ice ) and change its direction and speed.

By changing the shape of the mouth, the frequency response of the filter is changed, so removing ( subtracting ) some of the harmonics.

By gradually changing from “ oooh ” to “ aaah ” and back again, a spectral glide is created, emulating the ‘ sweeping filter ’ effect that is the basis of the ‘ wah-wah ’ guitar effect.

By contrast, a lateral force on a beam produces a moment ( called a bending moment ), but since the angular momentum of the beam is not changing, this bending moment is not called a torque.

By changing the synchronization between the uplink and downlink at the base station, however, this limitation can be overcome.

By the mid 1940s, jazz artists were changing their approach.

By changing variables in the simulation, predictions may be made about the behaviour of the system.

By 1763 tastes were changing.

By regularly changing the planting location, the pest cycles can be broken or limited.

By changing its sweep angle in this way, drag can be reduced at high speed ( with the wing swept ) without sacrificing low speed performance ( with the wing perpendicular ).

By guaranteeing only one bit can be changing, Gray codes guarantee that the only possible sampled values are the new or old multi-bit value.

By convincing banks to lend again, as well as changing and standardizing mortgage instruments and procedures, home ownership has increased from 40 % in the 1930s to nearly 70 % in 2001.

By comparing the form of several yupanas, researchers found that calculations were based using the Fibonacci sequence 1, 1, 2, 3, 5 and powers of 10, 20 and 40 as place values for the different fields in the instrument.

By filling the character pointer memory with values from zero to 1919 this essentially turned the text mode display into a very high resolution graphics mode, with the " font memory ", acting as the high resolution Raster graphics video memory.

By not asking about the horses, Confucius demonstrates that the sage values human beings over property ; readers are led to reflect on whether their response would follow Confucius's and to pursue self-improvement if it would not have.

By contrast, a dynamic web page is a broader concept, covering any web page generated differently for each user, load occurrence, or specific variable values.

By the 1950s American conservatives were emphasizing the Judeo-Christian roots of their values.

By choosing different values for the parameter m, the following types of means are obtained:

: By spectral theory, we can associate a probability measure to the values of A in any state ψ.

By such careful editing, the films compared and contrasted the forces of evil with America and its traditional values.

By unifying its network of funeral homes and cemeteries under one brand name, SCI believed it could establish recognizable and communicable brand values.

By anomie Durkheim means a state when too rapid population growth reduces the amount of interaction between various groups, which in turn leads a breakdown of understanding ( norms, values, and so on ).

By convention, if the most significant digit can be either 0 or 1, it is termed a half-digit ; if it can take higher values without reaching 9 ( often 3 or 5 ), it may be called three-quarters of a digit.

By contrast, non-digital ( or analog ) systems use a continuous range of values to represent information and in these systems the exact informational size of 1 Bd varies.

By comparison, the decibel ( dB ) is a dimensionless unit, used for quantifying the ratio between two values, such as signal-to-noise ratio.

By the Eastern Han period, local elites of unattached scholars, teachers, students, and government officials began to identify themselves as members of a larger, nationwide gentry class with shared values and a commitment to mainstream scholarship.

By the extreme value theorem, a continuous function on a closed interval must attain its minimum and maximum values at least once.

By the time that Zhou returned to China in the spring of 1919, he had become deeply disenchanted with Japanese culture, rejecting the idea that the Japanese political model was relevant to China and disdaining the values of elitism and militarism that he observed.

By default, only total delay and minimum bandwidth are considered when EIGRP is started on a router, but an administrator can enable or disable all the K values as needed to consider the other Vector metrics.

By dividing reservation lands into privately-owned parcels, legislators hoped to complete the assimilation process by forcing the deterioration of the communal lifestyle of the Native societies and imposing Western-oriented values of strengthening the nuclear family and values of economic dependency strictly within this small household unit.

By barring candidates associated with corruption and mismanagement of national resources from running for district assembly positions, the PNDC hoped to establish new values to govern political behavior in Ghana.

By 1940, counties that had experienced the most significant levels of erosion saw a greater decline in agricultural land values.

By extrapolating from the other noble gases, it is expected that ununoctium has a boiling point between 320 and 380 K. This is very different from the previously estimated values of 263 K or 247 K. Even given the large uncertainties of the calculations, it seems highly unlikely that ununoctium would be a gas under standard conditions, and as the liquid range of the other gases is very narrow, between 2 and 9 kelvins, this element should be solid at standard conditions.

By definition, the combustion reactions are always particularly exothermic and so enthalpies of combustion are always negative, although the values for individual combustions may vary.

By weighting and integrating individual returns ( such as through likelihood ratio based detectors ), detection can be optimised to place more emphasis on stronger returns obtained from certain monostatic or bistatic radar cross section values, or from favourable propagation paths, when making a decision as to whether a target is present.