By the time of the Ynglinga Saga, Snorri had developed his concept of Asgard further, although the differences might be accounted for by his sources.

By the 16th century, a cappella polyphony had further developed, but gradually, the cantata began to take the place of a cappella forms.

* By intensifying the will-forces through exercises such as a chronologically reversed review of the day's events, the meditant can achieve a further stage of inner independence from sensory experience, leading to direct contact, and even union, with spiritual beings (" Intuition ") without loss of individual awareness.

By a further act of 1541 — which was not repealed until 1845 — artificers, labourers, apprentices, servants and the like were forbidden to play bowls at any time except Christmas, and then only in their master's house and presence.

By such subtle means were Cranmer's purposes further confused, leaving it for generations to argue over the precise theology of the rite.

By the 1961 Formula One season, the Lotus and Ferrari teams had developed the mid-engined approach further than Cooper.

By the beginning of the eighteenth century, the Royal Society in England was discussing the practice of inoculation, and the smallpox epidemic in 1713 spurred further interest.

( By six weeks in the human embryo ) the prosencephalon then divides further into the telencephalon and diencephalon ; and the rhombencephalon divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon.

By January 1972, Berg introduced through his letters that he was God's prophet for this time, further establishing his spiritual authority within the group.

By reducing the number of tracks used ( and thus the capacity ), Commodore could further reduce cost-in contrast to the double-density drives used e. g. in IBM PCs of the day which saved 180 KB on one side ( by using a 40-track format ).

By three years, infants will move further away from their mothers.

By exposing an azeotrope to a vacuum or positive pressure, it's possible to bias the boiling point of one component away from the other by exploiting the differing vapour pressure curves of each ; the curves may overlap at the azeotropic point, but are unlikely to be remain identical further along the pressure axis either side of the azeotropic point.

By the beginning of August 1524, they had received the requisite permission to discover and conquer lands further south.

By 2007, the Falkland Islands had a road network of with a further roads planned for construction link to all occupied mainland settlements by 2013.

By 1918, two French mathematicians, Pierre Fatou and Gaston Julia, though working independently, arrived essentially simultaneously at results describing what are now seen as fractal behaviour associated with mapping complex numbers and iterative functions and leading to further ideas about attractors and repellors ( i. e., points that attract or repel other points ), which have become very important in the study of fractals ( see Figure 3 and Figure 4 ).

By the end of the war, turbojet engines were replacing piston engines as the means of propulsion, further increasing their speed.

By the early 1950s the Soviet Union had seized reparations in the form of agricultural and industrial products and demanded further heavy reparation payments.

By 1997, the federal government had already cut tariffs to 22. 5 percent from 57. 5 percent ten years earlier, and by 2000 were planning to reduce this even further down to 15 percent.

By the mid 1960s, Viola Spolin's classes were handed over to her protégé, Jo Forsberg, who further developed Spolin's methods into a one-year course, which eventually became The Players Workshop, the first official school of improvisation in the USA.

By mid-afternoon, the Ndwandwe were exhausted and their force weakened further by small groups of men going off in search of water.

By signing into law the Tariff of 1828, quite unpopular in parts of the south, he further antagonized the Jacksonians.

By the end of 2008, parties had a hard time agreeing on further budget cuts, ( mainly in the social sphere ) the planned reorganization of the government, and layoffs.

By August 2009, Latvia's GDP had fallen by 20 % year on year, with S & P predicting a further 16 % contraction to come.

# By self knowledge to further the acceptance of the idea of the Celtic character of Cornwall, one of the six Celtic nations.

By then Tuskegee's endowment had grown to over $ 1. 5 million, compared to its initial $ 2, 000 annual appropriation.

By the 1960s, innovative albums helped éntekhno become close to mainstream, and also led to its appropriation by the film industry for use in soundtracks.

By 1976, the Canadian government has increased the CFDC ’ s budget to $ 25 million annually, at which point the decision is made to finance the corporation with an annual parliamentary appropriation.

By the early twentieth century, at the time of Salomon ’ s appropriation of the form into her work, the Singspiel had ceased to be an active category of musical performance anywhere.

By now, however, Eicke's ambition had aroused Himmler's suspicion, and Hausser's and Dietrich's resentment, especially his designation of TK-Standarten as reserves for his Totenkopf-Division alone, and his appropriation of Verfügungstruppe military supplies which were stored at Eicke's concentration camps.

By the Treaty of Utrecht that concluded the War, the Papal States lost their suzerainty over the Farnese Duchy of Parma and Piacenza in favour of Austria, and lost Comacchio as well.

By the treaty of 1839, Luxembourg did not fully join Belgium, and remained a possession of the Netherlands until different inheritance laws caused it to separate as an independent Grand Duchy.

By the Treaty of Vienna ( November 1738 ), Stanisław was compensated for the loss of his Polish throne with the duchy of Lorraine, which would eventually pass to King Louis as his son-in-law, while Duke Francis III of Lorraine was made heir to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany as compensation for the loss of Lorraine.

By terms of the treaty, the eradication of Protestants was to be carried on in the Duchy.

By 1702, Victor Amadeus was considering changing allegiance to the emperor again having entered secret correspondence with the emperor who promised him the Duchy of Montferrat.

By his father's will he got, by way of appanage, the Duchy of Södermanland, which included the provinces of Närke and Värmland ; but he did not come into actual possession of them till after the fall of Eric and the succession to the throne of John in 1568.

By the Treaty of Noyon, signed on the 13 August 1516 between Francis I of France and emperor Charles V, France abandoned its claims to the Kingdom of Naples and received the Duchy of Milan in recompense.

By his marriage treaty ( 1419 ) with Isabella, elder daughter of Charles II, Duke of Lorraine, he became heir to the Duchy of Bar, which was claimed as the inheritance of his mother Yolande, and, in right of his wife, heir to the Duchy of Lorraine.

By 1290, Świdnica had city walls and six gates, crafts and trade were blossoming, and it had become the capital of the Duchy of Świdnica.

By semi-Salic law, the House of Hanover would have acceded to the Duchy of Brunswick, but there had been strong Prussian pressure against having George V of Hanover or his son, the Duke of Cumberland, succeed to a member state of the German Empire, at least without strong conditions, including swearing to the German constitution.

By a law of 1879, the Duchy of Brunswick established a temporary council of regency to take over at the Duke's death, and if necessary appoint a regent.

By 1811, all of the Imperial Cities had lost their independence — Augsburg and Nuremberg had been annexed by Bavaria, Frankfurt had become the center of the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt, a Napoleonic puppet state, and the three Hanseatic cities had been directly annexed by France as part of its effort to enforce the Continental Blockade against Britain.

By 1680 the disputed County of Montbéliard ( lying between Franche-Comté and Alsace ) had been separated from the Duchy of Württemberg, and by August Louis XIV had secured the whole of Alsace with the exception of Strasbourg.

By the Peace of Westphalia, which ended the Thirty Years ' War in 1648, Brandenburg gained Minden and Halberstadt, also the succession in Farther Pomerania ( incorporated in 1653 ) and the Duchy of Magdeburg ( incorporated in 1680 ).

By 1335, the Austrian regents had also acquired the old Duchy of Carinthia in the south, the Styrian and Carinthian territories were incorporated into Inner Austria in 1379.

By 1789, there were 43, including five held by princes of the blood ( Orléans, Condé, Bourbon, Enghien, and Conti ), ( Penthièvre ) ( who was the son of a legitimized prince, the Count of Toulouse, also a pair de France ), and 37 other lay peers, ranking from the Duchy of Uzès, created in 1572, to the Duchy of Aubigny, created in 1787.

By the Treaty of Utrecht of 1713, Spain's European empire was divided: Savoy received Sicily and parts of the Duchy of Milan, while Charles VI ( the Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria ), received the Spanish Netherlands, the Kingdom of Naples, Sardinia, and the bulk of the Duchy of Milan.

By the marriage of Countess Margaret III with Philip II, Duke of Burgundy, the county and the subsidiary counties entered a personal union with the Duchy of Burgundy in 1405.

By the end of the First Silesian War in 1742, the Prussian forces had conquered almost all of the Habsburg crown land, while according to the peace treaties of Breslau and Berlin, only some smaller parts in the extreme southeast, like the Duchy of Teschen as well as the southern parts of the duchies of Troppau and Nysa, remained possessions of the Habsburg Monarchy as Austrian Silesia.

By 1352, when the principality was partitioned between the Polish Kingdom and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, most of Galicia belonged to the Polish Crown, where it still remained after the 1569 union between Poland and Lithuania.

By the end of the 15th century, all these lands were a part of the Great Duchy of Moscow.