By tradition, a red wine should be served at approximately room temperature -- if anything a little cooler -- and be aged enough for the tannin and acids to have worked out and the sediment have settled well.

By seeking close alliances with powerful noble families, Alexios put an end to the tradition of imperial exclusivity and coopted most of the nobility into his extended family and, through it, his government.

By tradition, when the Justices are in conference deliberating the outcome of cases before the Court, the justices state their views in order of seniority.

By contrast, in civil law jurisdictions ( the legal tradition that prevails in, or is combined with common law in, Europe and most non-Islamic, non-common law countries ), courts lack authority to act where there is no statute, and judicial precedent is given less interpretive weight ( which means that a judge deciding a given case has more freedom to interpret the text of a statute independently, and less predictably ), and scholarly literature is given more.

By the Himalayan tradition, phowa ( Tibetan ) is the discipline that transfers the mindstream to the intended body.

By this point in his career, Vertov was clearly and emphatically dissatisfied with narrative tradition, and expresses his hostility towards dramatic fiction of any kind both openly and repeatedly ; he regarded drama as another " opiate of the masses ".

By the later 2nd century, it was accepted that the celebration of Pascha ( Easter ) was a practice of the disciples and an undisputed tradition.

By local tradition, this commemorates the date the news of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre of Huguenots reached Geneva.

By ancient tradition, Basques, and indeed other peoples in Medieval Europe, held assemblies under a tree, usually an oak, to discuss matters affecting the community.

By then he was strongly influenced by the great composers of the Italian Baroque and the middle-German polyphonic choral tradition.

By 8500-7500 BC the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A ( PPNA ) culture developed out of the earlier local tradition of Natufian in Southern Palestine, dwelling in round houses, and building the first defensive site at Jericho ( guarding a valuable fresh water spring ).

By tradition, deposed monarchs who have not freely abdicated are allowed to use their monarchical titles as a courtesy for the rest of their lives.

By tradition, the pagan Saxons were invited by Vortigern to assist in fighting the Picts and Irish, though archaeology has suggested some official settlement as landed mercenaries as early as the 3rd century.

By the turn of the 20th century, the heyday of individualist anarchism had passed, although aspects of the individualist anarchist tradition were later revived with modifications by Murray Rothbard and his anarcho-capitalism in the mid-20th century, as a current of the broader libertarian movement.

By the late 2nd century, the tradition was held by most Christians.

By Late Antiquity, the tradition of Moses being the source of the law in the Pentateuch also gave rise to the tradition of Mosaic authorship, the interpretation of the entire Torah as the work of Moses.

By the 1880s the tradition of England-Australia cricket tours was well established, with a total of eight Tests having been played, five of them at the MCG, two at the Sydney Cricket Ground and one at The Oval in London.

By tradition the territory was conferred on the heir to the throne to govern during his apprenticeship.

By tradition, before a new Prime Minister can enter 10 Downing Street for the first time as its occupant, they are required to announce to the country and the world that they have ' kissed hands ' with the reigning monarch, and thus have become Prime Minister.

By adopting this Responsum, the CJLS found itself in a position to provide a considered Jewish-law justification for its egalitarian practices, without having to rely on potentially unconvincing arguments, undermine the religious importance of community and clergy, ask individual women intrusive questions, repudiate the halakhic tradition, or label women following traditional practices as sinners.

By inter-religious pluralism, we mean the views held within one major faith tradition ( e. g., Christianity ) about the validity or truth of other major faith traditions ( e. g., Judaism, Buddhism, Islam, etc .).

By tradition:

By tradition, he was born in what is now Nakamura-ku, Nagoya ( situated in contemporary Aichi District, Owari Province ), the home of the Oda clan.

By the 16th century, a tradition had developed based on observational incidents, true or false, that the black objects found widely scattered in large quantities over Europe had fallen from the sky during thunderstorms and were therefore to be considered generated by lightning.

By this period, a number of clans had fallen by the wayside, leaving the Reizei and the Nijo family ; the former stood for " progressive " approaches, the varied use of the " ten styles " and novelty, while the latter conservatively hewed to already established norms and the " ushin " ( deep feelings ) style that dominated courtly poetry.

By 1788, the population existed as 250 individual nations, many of which were in alliance with one another, and within each nation there existed several clans, from as few as five or six to as many as 30 or 40.

By the mid-first millennium ( ca 700 ) until about 1500, the inner Vazimbas as much as the coastal Vezos clans welcome new visitors and / or immigrants.

By the late 1960s, eighteen of the traditional clans survived.

By the mid-18th century, Qing officials had registered 56 surname groups ; of these, Qing sources note that six clans and 148 households were those of Ainu and Nivkh who came under the Qing administrative umbrella on Sakhalin.

By the beginning of the 14-th century, noyans from the Sanchi ' ud, Hongirat, Ongud ( Arghun ), Keniges, Jajirad, Besud, Oirat, and Je ' ured clans held importants positions at the court or elsewehere.

By 1573 he had destroyed the alliance of Asakura clan and Azai clans that threatened his northern flank, obliterated the militant Tendai Buddhists monastic center at Mount Hiei near Kyoto, and also had managed to avoid a potentially debilitating confrontation with Takeda Shingen, who had suddenly taken ill and died just as his army was on the verge of defeating the Tokugawa and invading Oda's domain on its way to Kyoto.

By process of social evolution, it followed that the clans / families prominent in a particular district would wear the tartan of that district, and it was but a short step for that community to become identified by it.

By the end of the 1st millennium CE, the peninsula was settled only by the Sami people, who did not have their own state, lived in clans ruled by elders, and were engaged mostly in deer herding and fishing.

By about 450 BCE, the Zhi were dominant and began demanding territory from the other clans.

By the early Muromachi period, the area was a highly contested region highly fragmented by various samurai clans.

By the Sengoku Period, other clans fought over Bitchu, and Oda Nobunaga and Mōri Terumoto were fighting in the province when Oda died, leading to a division of the province.

By the 16th century the whole area of the county was occupied by different clans.

By some accounts this move was precipitated by internal divisions or by the Khoshot tribe ; other historians believe it more likely the migrating clans were seeking pastureland for their herds, scarce in the Central Asian highlands.

By the early Muromachi period, the area was a highly contested region highly fragmented by various samurai clans.

By the end of the Sengoku period ( 1467 – 1573 ) the district had been variously controlled by the Toki, Hōjō, and Satomi clans.

By the end of Dongseong's rule, the local clans of the new capital had eclipsed the traditionally powerful Hae and Jin clans, and even pressured the throne.

By the beginning of the 20th c. one of these Kaifeng clans, the Zhang, had largely converted to Islam.

By the time Alimatar Guroalim was elected mayor in 2004, however, much of the fighting in Tugaya was being done by the town ’ s clans among themselves.

By the early 18th century the Mangbetu had consisted of a number of small clans who, from southward migrations, had come in contact with a number of northward-migrating Bantu-speaking tribes among whom they lived interspersed.

By the 12th century BC, Shang influence extended west to the Wei River valley, a region that was occupied by clans known as the Zhou.

By contrast, the moiety classes encompass many different clans.