Calculations suggested that such a system enhanced the cross section by many orders of magnitude.

In his book Economic Calculations and Forms of Ownership ( Calcul économique et formes de proprieté ), Bettelheim re-thinks the problems of transition to socialism, while criticizing the supposition that nationalization and state ownership of the means of production was already " socialist "— it is not the legal form of property, but true socialization of the web of production, which characterizes such a transition ; the crucial problem in socialist planning is the replacement of the form of " value " with the development of a method of measurement which takes into account the social utility of production.

Calculations were carried out using a yupana ( Quechua for " counting tool "; see figure ) which was still in use after the conquest of Peru.

Calculations with infinitesimals were widely replaced with the ( ε, δ )- definition of limit starting in the 1870s.

* Calculations by him of eclipses for eighteen hundred years were inserted in L ' Art de vérifier les dates by Benedictine historian Charles Clémencet ( 1750 )

Calculations by these methods produced accurate Hartree – Fock self-consistent field ( SCF ) molecular orbitals and were used to study boranes and carboranes.

Calculations for determining seismic hazard were first formulated by C. Allin Cornell in 1968 and, depending on their level of importance and use, can be quite complex.

Calculations with infinitesimals were widely used before Karl Weierstrass sought to replace them with the ( ε, δ )- definition of limit starting in the 1870s.

Calculations and claims in this area are controversial because of the implications for regulation and subsidization of the industry through tax credits and federally funded research grants.

Calculations are simplified because quantities expressed as per-unit are the same regardless of the voltage level.

Calculations made by Heyerdahl before the trip had indicated that 97 days was the minimum amount of time required to reach the Tuamotu islands, so that the encounter with Angatau showed that they had made good time.

If the player answered that they can speak, the game begins with a Stroop test ; if the player cannot use the microphone, the game picks a random puzzle from the following: Calculations X 20, Word Memory, Connect Maze, Number Cruncher, and Speed Counting.

Calculations for measurements performed on a system S postulate a Hilbert space H over the complex numbers.

Calculations performed on the number of dead to the weight of bombs dropped had a profound effect on attitudes of the British government and population in the interwar years, who believed that " The bomber will always get through ".

Calculations for map projections are performed using the parameters of the ellipsoid.

Calculations are performed on these objects, as opposed to a range of cells, so adding two time series automatically aligns them in calendar time, or in a user-defined time frame.

Calculations are performed using the distance between the different stimulating electrodes and the difference in latencies.

Calculations by both John Couch Adams and Urbain Le Verrier predicted the general position of the planet, and Le Verrier's calculations are what led Johann Gottfried Galle to the discovery of Neptune.

Calculations are further complicated by the effects of shadowing and thermal " reillumination ", whether caused by local craters or a possible overall concave shape.

The algorithm was named after Nicholas Metropolis, who was an author along with Arianna W. Rosenbluth, Marshall N. Rosenbluth, Augusta H. Teller, and Edward Teller of the 1953 paper Equation of State Calculations by Fast Computing Machines which first proposed the algorithm for the specific case of the Boltzmann distribution ; and W. Keith Hastings, who extended it to the more general case in 1970.

Calculations by Barry County Land Information Service indicate that the township is.

Calculations of the loss of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere of Mars, resulting from scavenging of ions by the solar wind, are consistent with a near-total loss of its atmosphere since the magnetic field of Mars turned off.

Calculations suggest that this extinction decreased methane production by ~ 9. 6 Tg / yr.

Calculations made by Solow claimed that economic growth was mainly driven by technological progress ( productivity growth ) rather than inputs of capital and labor.

Calculations carried out by Hawker Siddeley determined that if the valve was in this position during the flight then the reduction in engine power for the noise abatement procedure may well have activated the warning light that indicated low air pressure in the system.

Calculations showed that the helicopter blades modestly increased the effective specific impulse ( I < sub > sp </ sub >) by approximately 20 – 30 seconds, essentially only carrying the blades into orbit " for free ".

Calculations from its radar albedo and the orbits of its moons show it to be a rubble pile, a loose amalgam of metal, rock, and 30 – 50 % empty space by volume, likely due to a disruptive impact prior to the impact that created its moons.

Calculations showed that general anaesthesia likely involves inhibition of the opening of the ion channel in a postsynaptic ligand-gated membrane protein by the following mechanism:

Dramatic tension can also be evoked by the use of " Jump Calculations " in the same way.

Calculations of UV irradiance based on relationships with total ozone and total irradiance suggest that UV irradiance has increased since the early 1980s by 6-14 % at more than 10 sites distributed over mid-and high latitudes of both hemispheres.

( 2004 ) Calculations of consumer surplus is one way that software firms can keep track of their perception by customers in an integrative way.

Calculations indicate that Venus was eclipsed by the moon for half an hour on 17 February.

" Calculations by Man & Machine: Mathematical presentation " in: Proceedings of the Cracow International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, Synthese Series, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002, 245-260.

" Calculations by Man & Machine: Conceptual analysis " in: Reflections on the Foundations of Mathematics, ( Sieg, Sommer, and Talcott, eds.

Calculations of the interfacial tension of the microemulsion with a coexisting oil or aqueous phase are also often of special focus and may sometimes be used to guide their formulation.

Calculations in celestial mechanics can also be carried out using the unit of solar mass rather than the standard SI unit kilogram.

Calculations within the Copernican framework always raised questions about planetary configurations.

Calculations showed that its unusual fragmented form was due to a previous closer approach to Jupiter in July 1992.

Calculations showed that Fawkes, who was skilled in the use of gunpowder, had deployed double the amount needed.

Calculations in statistical mechanics rely on probabilistic arguments, which are sensitive to whether or not the objects being studied are identical.

* Pentaneutron: Calculations indicate that the hypothetical pentaneutron state, consisting of a cluster of five neutrons, would not be bound.

Calculations of density from the X-ray diffraction data may produce the most reliable data for these elements, giving a value of for iridium versus for osmium.

* Calculations occur as soon as an operator is specified.

Calculations in the 1970s suggested that it may actually be weakly first-order due to the effect of long-range fluctuations in the electromagnetic field.

Mental Calculations.

Arm first used the term in 1981, when he wrote a letter under his given name Mark McLaughlin to the Seattle zine Desperate Times, criticizing his band Mr. Epp and the Calculations as " Pure grunge!

In the subsequent paper entitled Experiments and Calculations Relative to Physical Optics, published in 1804, Young describes an experiment in which he placed a narrow card ( approx.

Calculations suggest that the cluster will take about 250 million years to disperse, with gravitational interactions with giant molecular clouds and the spiral arms of our galaxy also hastening its demise.