* French Canadian fiddling including " crooked tunes ," that is, tunes with irregular beat patterns.

* Métis fiddling, of central and western Canada featuring strong French Canadian influence, but with even more " crooked " tunes.

* English Canadian fiddling or Anglo-Canadian fiddling

: The American style is used by most American newspapers, publishing houses and style guides in the United States and Canada ( including the Modern Language Association's MLA Style Manual, the American Psychological Association's APA Publication Manual, the University of Chicago's The Chicago Manual of Style, the American Institute of Physics's AIP Style Manual, the American Medical Association's AMA Manual of Style, the American Political Science Association's APSA Style Manual, the Associated Press ' The AP Guide to Punctuation and the Canadian Public Works ' The Canadian Style ).

In 2001, it achieved high rankings in the annual Maclean's University Rankings, including Best Overall for Primarily Undergraduate University in their opinion survey, and it received the Canadian Information Productivity Award in 1997 as it was praised as the first university in Canada to fully utilize information technology in the undergraduate curriculum.

Many sources list the domestic dog as Canis familiaris, but others, including the Smithsonian Institution and the American Society of Mammalogists, more precisely list it as a subspecies of C. l. familiaris ; the red wolf, eastern Canadian wolf, and Indian wolf may or may not be separate species ; in the past, the dingo has been variously classified as Canis dingo, Canis familiaris dingo and Canis lupus familiaris dingo.

In the Canadian Army, a number of regular and reserve units have cavalry roots, including The Royal Canadian Hussars ( Montreal ), the Governor General's Horse Guards, Lord Strathcona's Horse, the Royal Canadian Dragoons, and the South Alberta Light Horse.

Throughout the world there are many organizations and institutions dedicated to the area of computer and electronic music study and research, including the ICMA ( International Computer Music Association ), IRCAM, GRAME, SEAMUS ( Society for Electro Acoustic Music in the United States ), CEC ( Canadian Electroacoustic Community ), and a great number of institutions of higher learning around the world.

; Unwritten principles: Principles that are incorporated into the Canadian constitution by reference from the preamble of the Constitution Act, 1867, including a statement that the constitution should be " similar in Principle to that of the United Kingdom ", much of which is unwritten.

Cronenberg remains a staunchly Canadian filmmaker, with nearly all of his films ( including major studio vehicles The Dead Zone and The Fly ) having been filmed in his home province Ontario.

The World Wildlife Fund's ecoregion project catalogues habitat types throughout the world, including habitat loss such as deforestation, showing for example that even in the rich forests of parts of Canada such as the Mid-Continental Canadian forests of the prairie provinces half of the forest cover has been lost or altered.

As of 2001, some 10 mining companies ( including Canadian and South African firms ) had obtained licenses to prospect for different minerals in Eritrea.

The four remaining players in the backfield ( five in Canadian football ), including the quarterback, are also eligible receivers — except in the National Football League, where a quarterback who takes the snap from " under center " is never eligible.

Mainly or partially francophone or francosphere countries include France, Belgium ( Wallonia is almost entirely francophone, and there is a large French-speaking community in the Brussels-Capital Region and a few bordering municipalities ), Canada ( the province of Quebec is francophone, and there are large French-speaking communities in Manitoba, Ontario, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and other Canadian provinces ), United States ( South / Central Louisiana and parts of Maine ), Switzerland, Haiti, the French West Indies and several countries in Africa, including Congo, Burundi, Madagascar and Rwanda, that are former French or Belgian colonies.

Premised on Charter protections and on the notion of the immutability of homosexuality, judicial rulings rapidly advanced rights, including those that compelled the Canadian government to legalize same-sex marriage.

It is also the official march of several Commonwealth navies including the Royal Canadian Navy, the Royal Australian Navy and the Royal New Zealand Navy.

After 1959, the Canadian government established permanent services at Frobisher Bay, including full-time doctors, a school and social services.

Learners who wish to use purportedly correct English are in fact faced with the dual standard of American English and British English, and other less known standard Englishes ( including Australian, Scottish and Canadian ).

* 1944 – World War II: Operation Spring – one of the bloodiest days for the First Canadian Army during the war: 1, 500 casualties, including 500 killed.

In 1943, he also directed two Allied propaganda films for the National Film Board of Canada, including Action Stations, about the Royal Canadian Navy's escorting of convoys in the Battle of the Atlantic.

They are reported as seasonally common in the Canadian Arctic, including Baffin Bay between Greenland and Nunavut, and around Tasmania and Macquarie Island.

This huge success of the Krugerrand encouraged other gold-producing countries to mint and issue gold bullion coins of their own, including the Canadian Gold Maple Leaf in 1979, the Australian Nugget in 1981, the Chinese Gold Panda in 1982, the American Gold Eagle in 1986, and the British Britannia coin in 1987.

The land purchased contained all of present-day Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska ; parts of Minnesota that were west of the Mississippi River ; most of North Dakota ; most of South Dakota ; northeastern New Mexico ; northern Texas ; the portions of Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado east of the Continental Divide ; Louisiana west of the Mississippi River, including the city of New Orleans ; and small portions of land that would eventually become part of the Canadian provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan.

* 1942 – Brian Peckford, Canadian politician, 3rd Premier of Newfoundland

Only CF, CH, CI, CJ and CK are currently in common use, although four radio stations in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador retained call letters beginning with VO when Newfoundland joined Canadian Confederation in 1949.

Following the 1852 Telegraph Act, Canada's first permanent transatlantic telegraph link was a submarine cable built in 1866 between Ireland and Newfoundland. Telegrams were sent through networks built by Canadian Pacific and Canadian National.

Cranberries are a major commercial crop in the U. S. states of Massachusetts, New Jersey, Oregon, Washington, and Wisconsin, as well as in the Canadian provinces of British Columbia, New Brunswick, Ontario, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Quebec.

The Canadian Senate is structured along regional lines, giving an equal number of seats ( 24 ) to the Maritimes, Ontario, Quebec, and western Canada, in addition to the later entry of Newfoundland and Labrador, as well as the three territories.

* 2001 – The Canadian province of Newfoundland is renamed Newfoundland and Labrador.

* 1900 – Joey Smallwood, Canadian politician, Premier of Newfoundland ( d. 1991 )

That same year, Alexander oversaw the admission of the British crown colony of Newfoundland into Canadian Confederation and toured the new province that summer.

To this day, Montserrat is the only country or territory in the world, apart from the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland and the Canadian province of Newfoundland to observe a public holiday on St Patrick's Day.

* Saint Patrick's Day, a public holiday in Ireland, Montserrat and the Canadian Province of Newfoundland and Labrador, widely celebrated elsewhere in North America and worldwide.

* 1949 – The Dominion of Newfoundland joins the Canadian Confederation and becomes the 10th Province of Canada.

* Guy Fawkes Night ( United Kingdom, New Zealand and the Canadian province of Newfoundland & Labrador ), and its related observances:

The list of divergent words becomes longer if considering regional Canadian dialects, especially as spoken in the Atlantic provinces ( gasoline is still called petrol in Newfoundland ) and parts of Vancouver Island where significant pockets of British culture still remain.

Some Newfoundland English differs from General Canadian English in vowel pronunciation ( e. g., in much of Newfoundland, the words fear and fair are homophones ), in morphology and syntax ( e. g., in Newfoundland the word bes is sometimes used in place of the normally conjugated forms of to be to describe continual actions or states of being, as in that rock usually bes under water instead of that rock is usually under water, but normal conjugation of to be is used in all other cases ; bes is likely a carryover of British Somerset usage with Irish grammar ) or Cornish, and in preservation of archaic adverbial-intensifiers ( e. g., in Newfoundland that play was right boring and that play was some boring both mean " that play was very boring ").

Newfoundland English lacks Canadian raising.

To non-Newfoundlanders, speakers of Newfoundland English may seem to speak faster than speakers of General Canadian.

The greatest distinction between Newfoundland English and General Canadian English is its vocabulary.

Pride in Newfoundland language and culture has also encouraged a conscious retention of some obvious Newfoundlandisms, however, and speakers can often be observed switching between standard Canadian English for formal settings and language closer to Newfoundland English for personal communication.