The theory was popularized in the 1840s by Scottish writer Thomas Carlyle, and in 1860 Herbert Spencer formulated a counter-argument that has remained influential throughout the 20th century to the present ; Spencer said that such great men are the products of their societies, and that their actions would be impossible without the social conditions built before their lifetimes.

He has been a member of Carlyle Group's European Advisory Board since 1998 and was appointed Chairman of Carlyle Europe in May 2001.

Carlyle has commented on this passage, " There can be little doubt that St Paul's words imply some conception analogous to the ' natural law ' in Cicero, a law written in men's hearts, recognized by man's reason, a law distinct from the positive law of any State, or from what St Paul recognized as the revealed law of God.

Traditionally, the question of why Moniz targeted the frontal lobes in particular has been answered by reference to a presentation by John Fulton and Carlyle Jacobsen at the Second International Congress of Neurology held in London in 1935.

There is a regional Goodyear manufacturing facility that works in conjunction with Veyance Technology, which recently completed an $ 18 million expansion and has investors including the Carlyle Group, a DuPont operation, the eastern United States headquarters of United Rotary Brush, Ray Lewis and Son, Scioto Services, and many others.

Noted current and former portfolio companies include Dex Media, the former directories business of Qwest Communications ; Willcom, a Japanese wireless company ; Casema, a Dutch cable company ; and Insight Communications, the ninth largest cable company in the U. S. The Carlyle Group was once a major investor in US Investigations Services, which is the privatized arm of the United States Office of Personnel Management's Office of Federal Investigations, but has since divested itself, selling its stake to Providence Equity Partners in 2007.

) Since then, The Carlyle Group has divested the majority of its interest from the defense industry.

Carlyle has been profiled in two notable documentaries, Michael Moore's Fahrenheit 911 and William Karel's The World According to Bush.

Carlyle also has provided detail on its links with the Bin Laden family, specifically the relatively minor investments by an estranged half brother.

The conflict discouraged Froude from continuing his biography of Carlyle, as he wrote in 1881, " So much ill will has been shown me in the case of the other letters that I walk as if on hot ashes, and often curse the day when I undertook the business.

The movie " The Tale of Sweeney Todd " ( 1998 ) portrays a young American, Ben Carlyle, who comes to London in search of a diamond merchant who has defaulted on a payment of $ 50, 000 worth of diamonds.

So dissatisfied was Carlyle with the memoir that he resolved to give his own testimony about his friend, and his vivid Life ( 1851 ) has perpetuated the memory of Sterling more than any of the latter's own writings.

It has been said of him that he lacked gracious manners and was too conscious of his intellectual superiority, but his kindly reception in the UK by the likes of Thomas Carlyle and Alfred, Lord Tennyson suggests that he was not without charm.

He has also had to deal with another usurper, in the form of an arrogant young businessman and con artist named Carlyle, who pretended to employ Octavius at his company.

Grundtvig holds a unique position in the cultural history of his country ; he has been styled the Danish Carlyle and he might also be compared to Emerson.

Known for his commitment to authenticity in roles, Carlyle has often altered his lifestyle and physical appearance to better understand a character ; before playing a homeless character in Antonia Bird's Safe, he went to live in the Waterloo area of London where the film was set.

Carlyle is married to make-up artist Anastasia Shirley, with whom he has three children: Ava ( born 2002 ), Harvey ( born 2004 ), and Pearce Joseph ( born 2006 ).

In an interview in late November, director Kenneth Glenaan and Robert Carlyle both agreed that Bolsover was the perfect setting for the film as it ' has been left in the past '.

Michelet has, with Carlyle, disciples in several schools of modern history, whose common aim is to approach the subject matter through involvement rather than objectivity.

At the airport he is met by Felix DeSouza ( Robert Carlyle ), a local " Fixer " who has been sent by his boss Leopold Durant ( Ricky Tomlinson ), head of a local criminal organization, in exchange for two football tickets to the sold-out Liverpool versus Manchester United game.

Skinner has delivered many prestigious lecture-series, including the Gauss Seminars at Princeton ( 1980 ), the Carlyle Lectures at Oxford ( 1980 ), the Messenger Lectures at Cornell ( 1983 ), the Tanner Lectures at Harvard ( 1984 ), the T. S. Eliot Memorial Lectures at Kent ( 1995 ), the Ford Lectures at Oxford ( 2003 ), the Page-Barbour Lectures at Virginia ( 2003 ), the Benedict Lectures at Boston ( 2005 ) and the Adorno Lectures at Frankfurt ( 2005 ).

After Hearst went bankrupt, the paintings were dispersed ; one is in the National Galleries of Scotland in Edinburgh, two are in Hotel Carlyle in New York, one has been in the Allen Memorial Art Museum since 1953 and one is lost.

Since May 2001 he has been employed as a senior adviser at the Carlyle Group .< ref >

The Carlyle Group's investments are focused on East Asia, Europe and North America, with most investment money coming from the United States ( 65 %), Europe ( 25 %), Asia ( 6 %), Latin America, and the Middle East.

Defense investments represent about 50 % of the group's current portfolio ; for example, Carlyle owns 33. 8 % of QinetiQ, the privatized British defense contractor.

In March 2009, New York State and federal authorities began an investigation into payments made by Carlyle and Riverstone to placement agents allegedly made in exchange for investments from the New York State Common Retirement System, the state's pension fund.

In March 2008, Carlyle Capital Corporation, established in August 2006 for the purpose of making investments in U. S. mortgage-backed securities, defaulted on about US $ 16. 6 billion of debt as the global credit crunch brought about by the subprime mortgage crisis worsened for leveraged investors.

In Fahrenheit 911, Moore makes nine allegations concerning the Carlyle Group, including: That the Bin Laden and Bush families were both connected to the Group ; that following the attacks on September 11, the bin Laden family ’ s investments in the Carlyle Group became an embarrassment to the Carlyle Group and the family was forced to liquidate their assets with the firm ; that the Carlyle group was, in essence, the 11th largest defense contractor in the United States.

The sale to Carlyle thereafter was announced at $ 3. 3 billion, with co-founders Getty and Klein and the Getty family all carrying their investments over into the new ownership structure.

It joined forces with Carlyle Group to create Apollo Global for tactical investments in education abroad.

With former Secretary of Defense Carlucci guiding the acquisition of defense companies, Carlyle finally began making real money from the Saudis, both through investments from the royal family, the bin Ladens and other members of the Saudi elite, and through lucrative defense investments.

In his book On Heroes, Hero-Worship and the Heroic in History, Carlyle set out how he saw history as having turned on the decisions of " heroes ", giving detailed analysis of the influence of several such men ( including Muhammad, Shakespeare, Luther, Rousseau, and Napoleon ).

Gridley was laid out on 25 November 1856 by Thomas Carlyle ( c. 1832-?

The Full Monty won the BAFTA Award for Best Film in 1997, beating out presumed frontrunners Titanic and L. A Confidential, and Carlyle won the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role.

In 2001, the Carlyle Group reached an agreement with BAE to spin out Fairchild's imaging sensors division as an independent private company called Fairchild Imaging.

In volume one of his French Revolution, Thomas Carlyle describes the death of Lally as a judicial murder, reporting that Lally was driven to execution gagged to prevent his crying out against the injustice, and that when Lally's son came of age, he sought to have his father's name cleared in the Parlement de Paris.

Northrop Grumman, the successor to Northrop and Grumman, respectively, bought out the Carlyle Group's share of Vought for $ 130 million in 1994.

Bus manufacture, overhaul and accident repair was carried out at Carlyle Road Works, adjacent to the reservoir in Edgbaston, Birmingham.

Ivanhoe is sometimes credited for increasing interest in Romanticism and Medievalism ; John Henry Newman claimed Scott " had first turned men's minds in the direction of the middle ages ," while Carlyle and Ruskin made similar claims to Scott's overwhelming influence over the revival based primarily on the publication of this novel.

* Robert Carlyle as Albie Kinsella: a hard-working Liverpool fan and survivor of Hillsborough, who is driven over the edge soon after his father's death and becomes a killer.

In its 2010 annual report, Carlyle reported assets in excess of $ 150 billion under management diversified over 84 distinct funds.

According to a 2011 ranking called the PEI 300 based on capital raised over the last five years, Carlyle was ranked as the third largest private equity firm in the world, after TPG Capital and Goldman Sachs Principal Investment Area.

In October 1997 Carlyle acquired United Defense Industries, bringing in over 60 % of Carlyle's defense business.

After weeks of negotiations, it was announced that Sunoco would be forming a joint venture with the Carlyle Group, allowing for the continuation of operations at the Philadelphia refinery, and saving over 800 jobs The joint venture is slated to begin in late 2012.

Mrs. A. Carlyle also made claims of ownership over her uncle's papers, and over the profits from their publication.

A sculpted bust of Stanhope holds the central place over the entrance of the building, flanked by fellow historians and supporters Thomas Carlyle and Lord Macaulay.

After remaining a privately owned company for over 200 years, Brintons was acquired by the Carlyle Group in September 2011.

She is found by Deputy Fielding Carlyle, and they begin to bond over time.

In 2007, Stokes formed a joint venture with The Carlyle Group to acquire the equipment hire group Coates Hire Ltd from National Hire Ltd ( over 50 % owned by WesTrac )

The field marshal never spared himself, bivouacking in the snow with his men, and Carlyle records that private soldiers made rough shelters over him as he slept.

Her friendship with the Carlyles began in April 1840, when in a state of depression over a love affair and her father's mortal illness, she wrote to Thomas Carlyle that she had lost her faith in God.

The 1892 Selection of the Letters of Geraldine Jewsbury to Jane Carlyle caused controversy over the emotional side of their relationship.

To Thomas Carlyle in On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and the Heroic in History ( 1841 ), Shakespeare was one of the great poet-heroes of history, in the sense of being a " rallying-sign " for British cultural patriotism all over the world, including even the lost American colonies: " From Paramatta, from New York, wheresoever … English men and women are, they will say to one another, ' Yes, this Shakespeare is ours ; we produced him, we speak and think by him ; we are of one blood and kind with him '" (" The Poet as Hero ").

" That King Shakespeare ," the essayist Thomas Carlyle wrote in 1840, " does not he shine, in crowned sovereignty, over us all, as the noblest, gentlest, yet strongest of rallying signs ; indestructible ".

On February 8, 2008, with the Ducks 2 – 1 win over the New Jersey Devils, Ducks coach Randy Carlyle earned his 121st victory, passing Ron Wilson for the franchise record.

An hour after securing a 4-1 win over the Montreal Canadiens on November 30th 2011, Carlyle was fired by the franchise.