Initiated in 1859 by the then president of the Toronto Turf Club, Sir Casimir Gzowski, a distinguished Polish engineer and ancestor of the popular Canadian broadcaster, Peter Gzowski, the Queen's Plate was inaugurated on June 27, 1860, at the Carleton racetrack in Toronto, Ontario.

The monument was moved in the mid 1970s in order to accommodate widening of the original QEW, and is now located in the nearby Sir Casimir Gzowski Park along Lake Ontario, on the east side of the Humber River.

The river mouth is flanked by Sir Casimir Gzowski Park and Humber Bay Park East.

A descendant of Sir Casimir Gzowski, a prominent engineer, Gzowski was admitted to Ridley College in St. Catharines, Ontario.

On 5 March 1963, the Canadian post office issued a commemorative stamp featuring Sir Casimir Stanislaus Gzowski on the 150th anniversary of his birth.

Casimir Gzowski was the great-grandfather of CBC radio personality Peter Gzowski.

fr: Casimir Stanislaus Gzowski

* Casimir Gzowski

# REDIRECT Casimir Gzowski

# REDIRECT Casimir Gzowski

* Casimir Gzowski ( 1813 – 1898 ), engineer and acting Lieutenant Governor of Ontario

# REDIRECT Casimir Gzowski

Sir Casimir S. Gzowski from Historic Sites of Ontario.

In 1841, Casimir Stanislaus Gzowski arrived in Canada from the partitioned Poland via U. S. A. and for 50 years worked in engineering, military and community sectors in Toronto and Southern Ontario, for which he was knighted by Queen Victoria.

Sunnyside's western section, from the Humber River to west of the Bathing Pavilion is named in honour of Casimir Gzowski, a pioneer engineer in the building of railways in Canada.

The development of the Barnes Industrial Park, Casimir Pulaski Industrial Park, Wharton Brook Industrial Park, and the South Turnpike Road area have greatly contributed to this transition.

The star attractions are the boat lake ( in which people are allowed to fish ( with a license, although this is rarely enforced ), the marble fountain, the General Casimir Pulaski Monument, and the Pagoda, also known as the Patterson Park observatory, which has a great view of the city and is considered to be a very nice building aesthetically.

King Casimir continued living with Christine despite complaints by Pope Innocent VI on behalf of Queen Adelaide.

Casimir managed to have Anne and Cunigunde legitimated by Pope Urban V on 5 December 1369.

Casimir forces on parallel plates

Casimir forces on parallel plates

In fact, at separations of 10 nm — about 100 times the typical size of an atom — the Casimir effect produces the equivalent of 1 atmosphere of pressure ( 101. 325 kPa ), the precise value depending on surface geometry and other factors.

Since the value of this energy depends on the shapes and positions of the conductors and dielectrics, the Casimir effect manifests itself as a force between such objects.

* Casimir effect on Astronomy Picture of the Day

* H. B. G. Casimir, and D. Polder, " The Influence of Retardation on the London-van der Waals Forces ", Phys.

* Casimir effect article search on arxiv. org

* J. Babb, bibliography on the Casimir Effect web site, 2009

George was married at Dresden, on 21 November 1496, to Barbara Jagiellon, daughter of Casimir IV, King of Poland and Elisabeth, daughter of Albrecht II of Hungary.

Also, during his reign ( 1333 – 1370 ), Casimir the Great founded on Magdeburg rights several cities, urbanizing hitherto rural province.

* Earliest day on which Casimir Pulaski Day can fall, while March 7 is the latest ; celebrated on the first Monday in March.

* Casimir II of Poland succeeds Boleslaus IV of Poland on the throne.

Among the private think tanks the most important are: the Center for Social and Economic Research ( CASE ) and Institute for Structural Research ( IBS ) on economic policy, The Casimir Pulaski Foundation on foreign policy, demosEUROPA on EU affairs, the Institute of Public Affairs ( ISP ) on social policy, the Center for International Affairs ( CSM ) and The Sobieski Institute.

The towns of Kvėdarna and Nemunaitis in Lithuania have Saint Casimir depicted on their Coat of Arms.

Soon after Jagiello accession to the Polish throne, Jagiello granted Vilnius a city charter like that of Kraków, modeled on the Magdeburg Law ; and Vytautas issued a privilege to a Jewish commune of Trakai on almost the same terms as privileges issued to the Jews of Poland in the reigns of Boleslaus the Pious and Casimir the Great.

With the insertion in 1621 on the same date of the feast of Saint Casimir, the celebration of Pope Lucius was reduced to a commemoration with Saint Casimir's Mass.

The Second Peace of Thorn of 1466 (; ) was a peace treaty signed in the Hanseatic city of Thorn ( Toruń ) on 19 October 1466 between the Polish king Casimir IV Jagiellon on one side, and the Teutonic Knights on the other.

When Casimir, the last Piast king of Poland, died in 1370, his nephew King Louis I of Hungary succeeded him to become king of Poland in personal union with Hungary.

Casimir brought her with him from Prague and convinced the abbot of the Benedictine abbey of Tyniec to marry them.

Mieszko II's only son and heir, Casimir I, was either expelled by this insurrection, or the insurrection was caused by the aristocracy's expulsion of him.

His father, King Casimir IV, had him educated well concerning public affairs and when his brother Władysław, became king of Bohemia, Casimir became crown prince and heir-apparent to the throne of Poland.

In 1471, while King Matthias Corvinus of Hungary led a campaign in Bohemia, the Hungarian nobility conspired against him and called the thirteen years old Casimir to the Kingdom, so he could take over and be crowned.

After initially escaping to Hungary, Casimir went to Germany, where in 1039 his relative the Emperor Henry III ( who feared the increased power of the Bohemian ruler ) gave him military and financial support.

Casimir also signed an alliance with Yaroslav I the Wise, the Prince of Kievan Rus ', who was linked with him through Casimir's marriage with Yaroslav's sister, Maria Dobronega.

When John Casimir abdicated the Polish – Lithuanian throne, he brought many of his paintings with him to France.

in 1635 he might have served as a military adviser to John II Casimir Vasa, and possibly accompanied him to Vienna.

King John II Casimir Vasa would attempt to involve him in the unpopular plan of vivente rege-to bypass the traditions of the royal elections in Poland and instead chose the next successor to the Polish throne ( John II Casimir favored Louis, Grand Condé ) still during the life of the previous king.

Many members of the Polish nobility, including Deputy Chancellor of the Crown Hieronim Radziejowski and Grand Treasurer of the Crown Bogusław Leszczyński, regarded John Casimir as a weak king or as a " Jesuit-King "; for this or for personal reasons ( i. e. Leszczyński was Protestant and Radziejowski was an old enemy of the Polish King who had banished him from Poland to exile in Sweden ), they encouraged Charles Gustav to claim the Polish crown.

The death of his older brothers, Leszek and Casimir, in August and October 1131, respectively, left him as the eldest son of their parents.

Despite now he had his own district, Bolesław didn't pursue a foreign policy, who continue under the hands of his brother, a fact revealed during the dispute with Duke Casimir I of Kuyavia for the possession of Ladzka, who was given to him by Henry II the Pious as a dowry of his daughter Constance-Casimir I's second wife -; this decision wasn't recognized by Władysław Odonic's sons, but eventually they reconciled and even signed and an alliance with the Kuyavian Duke, which effectively ended with any attempt to change the ownership of the disputed land.

His maternal grandfather Casimir III the Great, last King of Poland from the Piast dynasty, brought him up at his court as his favorite-the king had no legal male successors.

After grandfather's death in 1370, young Casimir initially became his partial successor, as the last will gave him lands of Dobrzyń, Bydgoszcz, Kruszwica, Złotów and Wałcz.

On 27 March 1335, King Casimir III of Poland ( Kazimierz in Polish ) declared the two western settlements to be a new city named " Casimiria " ( later “ Kazimierz ”) after him.

After fighting alongside with the Swedish army in 1656, most prominently in the Battle of Warsaw, Hohenzollern Frederick William I was willing to abandon his ally when the war had turned against them, and signalled his willingness to change sides if Polish king John II Casimir Vasa would grant him similar privileges as previously the Swedish king Charles X Gustav-these conditions were negotiated in Wehlau ( Welawa, now Znamensk ) and Bromberg ( Bygost, Bydgoszcz ).

In late 1648 the newly elected king John II Casimir Vasa who had no plans for the war with Ottomans advised him to return to the Netherlands and publish his studies there.

According to Hrushevski John Casimir II sent him a letter in which he informed the Cossack leader about his election and assured him tht he would grant Cossacks and all of the Orthodox faith various privileges.

She came to Poland at the age of five years as a lady in waiting to Marie Louise Gonzaga, the French-born Queen of Poland from 1645 to 1672, wife and consort to two Polish kings — Władysław IV Vasa and later his brother ( who succeeded him ) John II Casimir Vasa.

That same year, Louis XIV of France offered him a position at the Académie Royale and John II Casimir of Poland offered Viviani a post as his astronomer.