Professor Jean-Martin Charcot of Paris Salpêtrière demonstrates hypnosis on a " hysterical " patient.

Freud questioned Charcot ’ s claim that heredity is the unique cause of hysteria, but he lauded his innovative clinical use of hypnosis to demonstrate how hysterical paralysis could result from psychological factors produced by non-organic traumas ( psychological factors that Charcot believed could be simulated through hypnosis ).

Charcot is best known today, outside the community of neurologists, for his work on hypnosis and hysteria.

Charcot's interest in hysteria and hypnotism " developed at a time when the general public was fascinated in ' animal magnetism ' and mesmerization ' ... Charcot and his school considered the ability to be hypnotized as a clinical feature of hysteria ... For the members of the Salpêtrière School, susceptibility to hypnotism was synonymous with disease, i. e. hysteria, although they later recognized ... that grand hypnotisme ( in hysterics ) should be differentiated from petit hypnotisme, which corresponded to the hypnosis of ordinary people ".

Charcot himself long had concerns about the use of hypnosis in treatment and about its effect on patients.

The eponym was bestowed by Jean-Martin Charcot ( 1825 – 1893 ) on behalf of his resident, Georges Albert Édouard Brutus Gilles de la Tourette ( 1859 – 1904 ), a French physician and neurologist, who published an account of nine patients with Tourette's in 1885.

* Information on Charcot, Freud's teacher and mentor

At Highcliffe Drive on Alton West the LCC essentially retained the Georgian landscape and placed within it five ultra modern slab blocks: Binley, Winchfield, Dunbridge, Charcot and Denmead Houses, ( all grade II *) inspired by Le Corbusier's Unite d ' Habitation.

Though his thesis was on the subject of gynecology and obstetrics, Munthe was deeply impressed by the pioneering work in neurology done by Professor Jean-Martin Charcot, having attended his lectures at the Salpêtrière hospital.

He later had a falling out with Charcot, and left the Salpetriere denouncing his former teacher's work on hypnotism as fraudulent and scientifically unsound.

Patients with conversion and hysteria led Sigmund Freud to his theories on the unconscious and the talking cure, and the same patient population intrigued such physicians as Pierre Janet, J. M. Charcot, and Josef Breuer.

He studied medicine in Paris and later went on to work as an intern at Hospice de la Salpêtrière, where he worked for, among others, Jean-Martin Charcot.

Leaving this post in 1884 he spent one year on medical study trips to Jean-Martin Charcot in Paris, to Bernhard von Gudden in Munich and to London.

He is most famous for his 1817 work, An Essay on the Shaking Palsy in which he was the first to describe " paralysis agitans ", a condition that would later be renamed Parkinson's disease by Jean-Martin Charcot.

He did not formally examine these patients but observed them on daily walks, and in some cases obtained from them their disease-symptom histories by simple inquiry .< ref > It was Jean Martin Charcot who coined the term " Parkinson's disease " over 60 years later.

* the Antarctica expedition of Jean-Baptiste Charcot, which he abandoned before they reached Antarctica due to the bad atmosphere on board ( 1903 )

After qualification, and on the recommendation of Babeş, the government awarded him a grant in Paris to undertake postgraduate training in neurology under Jean-Martin Charcot at the Salpêtrière Hospital, where he met Pierre Marie, Joseph Babinski and Fulgence Raymond.

Under the care of Dr. Jean-Martin Charcot, the expert on " female hysterics " she received various kinds of treatment, and claimed in her biography that, when she discovered dance at a social dance for employees and patients at the hospital, she was cured.

French scientists like Jean-Martin Charcot investigated his abilities, French astronomer Camille Flammarion praised him in strong terms, and Alfred Binet wrote a book on him.

Formerly known as " hysteria ", the disorder has arguably been known for millennia, though it came to greatest prominence at the end of the 19th century, when the neurologists Jean-Martin Charcot and Sigmund Freud and psychiatrist Pierre Janet focused their studies on the subject.

Charcot threatened to advise the police and ordered that Munthe not be allowed on the wards of the hospital again.

The campus on rue Charcot receives third-year and master students of economics.

In 1889 he published a treatise on traumatic neuroses that was harshly criticized by eminent physicians such as Jean-Martin Charcot ( 1825-1893 ) and Max Nonne ( 1861-1959 ), which was due to Oppenheim claiming that psychological trauma caused organic changes which perpetuated psychic neuroses.

Duchenne's involvement brought a dramatic and psychological dimension to Darwin's book-he had been a powerful influence on Jean-Martin Charcot ( 1825-1893 )-Charcot often referred to Duchenne as " mon maître " (" my teacher ") and sat with Duchenne on his deathbed.

It is linked to several previous theories, including the works on introspection by Jean Martin Charcot, Alfred Binet, Maine de Biran, the German school of Würzburg ( Watt, Messer, Bühler ) and Albert Burloud, who was Antoine de la Garanderie's professor.

" Richard Webster notes that some of Szasz's arguments are similar to his, but that their views of hysteria and the work of Jean-Martin Charcot are quite different, since Szasz assumes that hysteria was an emotional problem and that Charcot's patients were not genuinely mentally ill.

A more modern understanding of hysteria as a psychological disorder was advanced by the work of Jean-Martin Charcot, a French neurologist.

In his 1893 obituary of Charcot, Sigmund Freud attributed the rehabilitation of hysteria as a topic for scientific study to the positive attention generated by Charcot ’ s neuropathological investigations of hysteria during the last ten years of his life.

French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot argued that psychological trauma was the origin of all instances of the mental illness known as hysteria.

Charcot's " traumatic hysteria " often manifested as a paralysis that followed a physical trauma, typically years later after what Charcot described as a period of " incubation ".

Charcot uses hypnotism to treat hysteria and other abnormal mental conditions.

After his death, the illness " hysteria " that Charcot described was claimed to be nothing more than an " artifact of suggestion ".

In fact, Charcot argued vehemently against the widespread medical and popular prejudice that hysteria was rarely found in men.

Joseph Babinski ( rear ) supports a " hysteria | hysterical " female patient during demonstration by ( left ) Jean-Martin Charcot

It was adopted for the treatment of hysteria by the director of Paris's Salpêtrière Hospital, Jean-Martin Charcot ( 1825 – 1893 ).

Germany's leading neurologist, Hermann Oppenheim, claimed that all railway spine symptoms were due to physical damage to the spine or brain, whereas French and British scholars, notably Jean-Martin Charcot and Herbert Page, insisted that some symptoms could be caused by hysteria ( now known as conversion disorder ).

* 1870 – Jean-Martin Charcot began clinical research into hysteria ( conversion disorder ) at the Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris.

( All materials from " Iconographie photographique de la Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital | Salpêtrière " ( Jean Martin Charcot, 1878 )

Charcot, influenced more by the Mesmerists, argued that hypnotism is an abnormal state of nervous functioning found only in certain hysterical women.

After Charcot's death in 1893, many of his so-called hysterical patients were exposed as frauds, and Janet's association with Charcot tarnished his theories of dissociation.

Charcot operated a clinic at the Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital ( thus, also known as the " Paris School " or the " Salpêtrière School "), while Bernheim had a clinic in Nancy ( also known as the " Nancy School ").

Charcot subsequently appointed him director of the psychological laboratory at the Salpêtrière in 1889, after Janet completed his doctorate in philosophy, which dealt with psychological automatism.

He also looked up the original places and documents in La Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris, where Freud had studied with Charcot.

In 1883, years of unaccompanied study ended when Binet was introduced to Charles Fere, who introduced him to Jean-Martin Charcot, the director of a clinic called La Salpêtrière, Paris.

During this creative phase Baldwin travelled to France ( 1892 ) to visit the important psychologists Charcot ( at the Salpêtrière ), Hippolyte Bernheim ( at Nancy ), and Pierre Janet.

Duchenne's most famous student was Jean-Martin Charcot, who became director of the insane asylum at Salpêtrière in 1862.

Born in Paris, Charcot worked and taught at the famous Salpêtrière Hospital for 33 years.

He came early to Professor Charcot at Paris ' Salpêtrière Hospital and became his favorite student.

Later, when Dr. Jean-Martin Charcot took over the department, the Salpêtrière became known as a psychiatric centre.

It is referred to as the Nancy School to distinguish it from the antagonistic Paris School that was centred on the hysteria-centred hypnotic research of Jean-Martin Charcot at the Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris.

It was in Paris that he visited Jean Martin Charcot at the Salpêtrière.