There are ten extant letters ascribed to him, one of which is also quoted by Cicero:

" Diogenes Laertius also says that Nicocreon, the tyrant of Cyprus, commanded him to be pounded to death in a mortar, and that he endured this torture with fortitude and Cicero relates the same story.

Cicero expressed extreme pride not only in being a novus homo (" new man "; comparable to a " self-made man ") who became consul even though none of his ancestors had ever served as a consul, but also in having become consul " in his year ".

The fragments of Ennius contain a few couplets, and scattered verses attributed to Roman public figures like Cicero and Julius Caesar also survive.

Yet, Cicero could also refer to his popularist opponent Clodius, publicly and scathingly, as a bustuarius – literally, a " funeral-man ", implying that Clodius has shown the moral temperament of the lowest sort of gladiator.

Latin was the language of the ancient Romans, but it was also the lingua franca of Europe throughout the middle ages, so Latin literature includes not only Roman authors like Cicero, Vergil, Ovid and Lucretius, but also includes European writers after the fall of the Empire from religious writers like St. Augustine ( 354 – 430 AD ), to secular writers like Francis Bacon ( 1561-1626 ) and Spinoza ( 1632 – 1677 ).

While interest in Plato was increasing in Florence during Machiavelli's lifetime he also does not show particular interest in him, but was indirectly influenced by his readings of authors such as Polybius, Plutarch and Cicero.

Notaries public ( also called " notaries ", " notarial officers ", or " public notaries ") hold an office which can trace its origins back to the ancient Roman Republic, before Cicero 106-43 B. C., when they were called scribae (" scribes "), tabellius (" writer "), or notarius (" notary ").

Petrarch revived the work and letters of the ancient Roman Senate | Roman Senator Cicero | Marcus Tullius CiceroPetrarch also published many volumes of his letters, including a few written to his long-dead friends from history such as Cicero and Virgil.

Cicero also left a large body of speeches and letters which would establish the outlines of Latin eloquence and style for generations to come.

However, Greek-influenced Roman authors, such as Polybius and Cicero, sometimes also used the term as a translation for the Greek politeia which could mean regime generally, but could also be applied to certain specific types of regime which did not exactly correspond to that of the Roman Republic.

Accordingly, Agricola focused on the Topics rather than the Analytics of Aristotle and on Cicero, but also on the writings of historians, poets, and orators.

The word was also associated with Roman ideas ( dating back to Cicero ) about the " status rei publicae ", the " condition of public matters ".

The earliest recorded verdict of Lucretius ' work is by Cicero, who calls Lucretius's poetry " full of inspired brilliance, but also of great artistry ".

In Rome, writers and philosophers like Cicero, Seneca, Pliny the elder, Marcus Aurelius, Epictetus, Cato and Collumella also expressed important ideas on this ground.

Quintilian extolled him as lex orandi (" the standard of oratory "), and Cicero said about him that inter omnis unus excellat (" he stands alone among all the orators "), and he also acclaimed him as " the perfect orator " who lacked nothing.

Cicero also contemplated defending Catiline in court.

Marcus Tullius Cicero, a prolific writer, whose works have survived in large quantity, and who serves as a standard of Latin, and his contemporaries in addition to recognizing the lingua Latina also knew varieties of " speech " under the name sermo.

* Catiline accused of conspiring against the Roman Republic with Autronius and the younger Sulla ( also in 63 during the consulship of Cicero ).

Cicero may also refer to:

Saxo also may have owed much to Plato, Cicero and also to more contemporary writers like Geoffrey of Monmouth.

Their popularity made their co-option by the state inevitable ; Cicero acknowledged their sponsorship as a political imperative.

But this arrangement soon gave way before the ambition of one of these tetrarchs, Deiotarus, the contemporary of Cicero and Julius Caesar, who made himself master of the other two tetrarchies and was finally recognized by the Romans as ' king ' of Galatia.

Encouraged by Cicero, the Senate denounced Antony and in January 43 they granted Octavian imperium ( commanding power ), which made his command of troops legal and sent him to relieve the siege, along with Aulus Hirtius and Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus, the consuls for 43 BC.

Paul Waldau writes that the overriding of animals ' interests was traditionally justified by arguing that they existed for human use ; Aristotle made this claim in the 4th century BCE, as did Cicero in the 1st century CE.

With his title of " royal typographer " Estienne made the Paris establishment famous by his numerous editions of grammatical works and other school-books ( among them many of Melanchthon's ), and of classical and Patristic authors, as Dio Cassius, Cicero, Sallust, Julius Caesar, Justin, Socrates Scholasticus, and Sozomen.

For Cicero, this made the augur the most powerful authority in the Republic.

Chemnitzer concertina made by Star Mfg., Cicero, Illinois, USA in 2000

Cicero reports the myth in this way: They tell us that one day as the land was being ploughed in the territory of Tarquinii, and a deeper furrow than usual was made, suddenly Tages sprang out of it and addressed the ploughman.

In his own era, his writings on almost all the principal divisions of philosophy made Posidonius a renowned international figure throughout the Graeco-Roman world and he was widely cited by writers of his era, including Cicero, Livy, Plutarch, Strabo ( who called Posidonius " the most learned of all philosophers of my time "), Cleomedes, Seneca the Younger, Diodorus Siculus ( who used Posidonius as a source for his Bibliotheca historia Library "), and others.

Latin versions were made by none other than Cicero ( mostly extant ), Ovid ( only two short fragments remain ), the member of the imperial Julio-Claudian dynasty Germanicus ( extant, with scholia ), and the less-famous Avienus ( extant ).

Here he became a pupil of Isocrates, and rapidly made great progress in rhetoric ; we are told that Isocrates used to say that Ephorus required the spur but Theopompus the bit ( Cicero, Brutus, 204 ).

Baiter's strong point was textual criticism, applied chiefly to Cicero and the Attic orators ; he was very successful in finding the best manuscript authorities, and his collations were made with the greatest accuracy.

:" The verdict of our own Cicero confirms that we Romans either made wiser innovations than theirs by ourselves or improved on what we took from them, but of course, as he himself says elsewhere with reference to his own day: " Italy is invincible in war, Greece in culture.

Cicero also made great use of it while writing his celebrated Consolatio on the death of his daughter, Tullia ; and several extracts from it are preserved in Plutarch's treatise on Consolation addressed to Apollonius, which has come down to us.

Cicero, referring to his success in the east, said that he " made the Republic of Rome tremble before the prowess of his arms.

Piso's recall was perhaps in consequence of the violent attack made upon him by Cicero in the Senate in his speech De provinciis consularibus.

He made Latin versions and notes of Thaumaturgus, and Cicero.

The phrase was made famous by the Roman author, orator and politician Marcus Tullius Cicero ( 106 BC-43 BC ): " Iustitia suum cuique distribuit.

But Cicero, who defended him at this time because Antonius had been his colleague, made a most bitter attack upon Caesar, whom he held responsible for the suit against him, and even went so far as to heap abuse upon him.

In keeping with his epicurean sympathies, he kept out of politics to the greatest extent possible, except to lend Cicero a helping hand in times of peril — for instance, when Cicero was forced to flee the country in 49 BC, Atticus made him a present of 250, 000 sesterces.

Earlier in the speech, Cicero uses his advanced age and lofty reputation as an orator to carefully defuse the usefulness of the arguments made by Atratinus, who is only seventeen years old at the time he participated in the prosecution.

The work was very much used ( mention is made of an abridged edition ) by Pliny the Elder, Asconius Pedianus ( the commentator on Cicero ), Nonius, and the philologists.

Sergio Cicero, a lawyer who had been responsible for obtaining those permits and was bitter about being passed over for the position of general counsel with Walmart México provided the company's corporate general counsel's office with evidence showing that the company had made large payments to gestores, workers who deal with bureaucracies on behalf of citizens and businesses, with coded indications that the money was being passed on to officials to expedite permits.