In that event, we can correctly say that we have received an authoritative interpretation of the matter, and one which we can follow statewide with confidence that the policy will not be overthrown in other Superior Courts.

Narayanan – AIR India Reporter 1988 Court Page No. 1381 ; 1988 Volume No. 3 SCC Court Cases Page No. 366 ; 1988 PLJR 78 – Although an affidavit may be taken as proof of the facts stated therein, the Courts have no jurisdiction to admit evidence by way of affidavit.

Courts in the United States and the United Kingdom have rejected the doctrine of a common law copyright.

Judges from the Court of Final Appeal, High Court, District Courts along with members from the various tribunals and Coroner's Court all have the power to impose immediate punishments for contempt in the face of the court, derived from legislation or through common law:

Magistrates ' Courts are not superior courts of record, but nonetheless have powers granted under the Contempt of Court Act 1981.

Courts have ruled as excessive and invalidated damages which the parties contracted as liquidated, but which the court nonetheless found to be penal.

In England and Wales ( which have the same legal system ), minor criminal cases are heard without a jury in the Magistrates ' Courts.

Courts have ruled this admissible as long as the original waiver is said and the " translation " is recorded either on paper or on tape.

* S. M. Stirling's Lords of Creation series includes In the Courts of the Crimson Kings, in which Mars ( as well as Venus ) have been terraformed by unknown aliens over the course of hundreds of millions of years and seeded with all kinds of terrestrial life.

Other sites from the defunct Alamo Plaza Hotel Courts chain in Chattanooga, Memphis and Dallas have simply been demolished.

Thus, a federal district court that falls within the geographic boundaries of the Third Circuit Court of Appeals is bound by rulings of the Third Circuit Court, but not by rulings in the Ninth Circuit, since the Circuit Courts of Appeals have jurisdiction defined by geography.

Courts faced with a choice of law issue have a two-stage process:

Finally, if all possible rightful orders of primogeniture and representation have been exhausted, then the General Courts will select a successor in the way that best suits the interest of Spain.

Courts have not yet had to decide whether advertisers can be held liable for spyware that displays their ads.

Courts have developed a number of exceptions to the warrant requirement:

Courts have treated this area as an extension of the house and as such subject to all the privacy protections afforded a person ’ s home ( unlike a person's open fields ) under the Fourth Amendment.

" The U. S. Courts of Appeals for the Fourth and Ninth circuits have ruled that information on a traveler's electronic materials, including personal files on a laptop computer, may be searched at random, without suspicion.

U. S. Courts of Appeals, in Immediato v. Rye Neck School District, Herndon v. Chapel Hill, and Steirer v. Bethlehem School District, have ruled that the use of community service as a high school graduation requirement did not violate the Thirteenth Amendment.

Courts have distinguished between two types of civil disobedience: " Indirect civil disobedience involves violating a law which is not, itself, the object of protest, whereas direct civil disobedience involves protesting the existence of a particular law by breaking that law.

Courts in New York, North Carolina, and Virginia have ruled that, under applicable state law, ULC ministers are not authorized to solemnize marriages and a marriage at which a ULC minister officiated therefore is not valid.

The law courts have since moved to the Royal Courts of Justice, close to the border of the City of London.

3 ( a )( 10 ) of the 34 act ) the US Courts have developed a broad definition for securities that must then be registered with the SEC.

Courts sometimes have to attribute a conjunctive ( X ' and ' Y ) intention to the legislature even though the list is disjunctive ( X ' or ' Y ) because, otherwise, no overall interpretation of the law in question would make sense.

Courts martial have the authority to try a wide range of military offences, many of which closely resemble civilian crimes like fraud, theft or perjury.

Unlike the state supreme court, the Courts of Appeal have mandatory review jurisdiction under the informal legal tradition in common law countries that all litigants are entitled to at least one appeal.

Courts ruled that a federal official is not subject to state recall laws.

Courts ruled that both of these actions violated Glass-Steagall.

In October 2010, a judge ruled that a 50 % stake in the collection could be sold to Crystal Bridges if modifications to the contract were made so that the University could not lose its interest in the collection, nor could the joint venture holding ownership of the collection between the University and Crystal Bridges be based in Delaware ( or outside Tennessee Courts ).

Courts have generally ruled that the use of force may be acceptable.

US Courts have not yet conclusively ruled how little knowledge an attorney can have of the underlying crime or fraud before the privilege detaches and the attorney's communications or requisite testimony become admissible.

In late 2002 the seizure was ruled illegal by the High and Supreme Courts of Zimbabwe, however the previous owner was unable to effect the court orders and General Mujuru continued living at the farm until his death on 15 August 2011

Courts dealt with issues about equal opportunity, such as the 1989 Wards Cove decision, the Supreme Court ruled that statistical evidence, by itself, was insufficient to prove racial discrimination.

Courts ruled that unnecessary and inappropriate segregation of students with disabilities was unconstitutional.

On the morning of his appointment, however, a photograph emerged taken outside Dublin's Four Courts on the day a judge ruled that the Maze Prison escaper, James Pius Clarke, should not be extradited to the United Kingdom.

Courts have ruled that merely cutting timber at intervals, when not accompanied by other actions that demonstrate actual and continuous possession, fails to demonstrate continuous possession.

After a ten year legal battle, which was contested by rival Mars, the European Court of Justice ruled on 7 July 2005 to send the case back to the British Courts.

Some speak of three to four " courts "; others mention " Ten Courts of Hell ", each of which is ruled by a judge ( collectively known as the Ten Yama Kings ); other Chinese legends speak of the " Eighteen Levels of Hell ".

Its creation was ruled in violation of the state constitution by the Nevada District Courts in 1989.

Courts ruled in both kinds of cases.

Courts eventually ruled this plan to be an antitrust violation, and something resembling true free agency came to pro football.

On December 3, U. S. Attorney General Williams, at the request of Kellogg, ruled that President Grant would enforce any decision by the United States District Courts.

Courts have ruled twice that the theme was written by Monty Norman despite claims and testimony by Barry that he had actually written the theme.

The State Supreme Courts have always ruled in favor of the Gay-Straight Alliance, stating that the particular school must either allow the Gay-Straight Alliance, or ban all non-curriculum groups from assembling on school property.

Similarly, in the US, the Judiciary Act of 1789, which was famously ruled unconstitutional in part by Marbury v. Madison, was called " An Act to establish the Judicial Courts of the United States ".

Courts have increasingly ruled against youth rights, as well.