Crusoe observes one of the Caribs, kept captive and about to be eaten, escape his captors.

In classical, neoclassical and Austrian economics, Crusoe is regularly used to illustrate the theory of production and choice in the absence of trade, money and prices.

His Memoirs ( written in 1808 but not published until 1816 ) report that he tried a number of ventures, including touring the British Isles giving boxing demonstrations ; appeared in a pantomime entitled Robinson Crusoe or Friday Turned Boxer ; opening a boxing academy at the Lyceum in the Strand ; working as a recruiting sergeant for the army ; printing his own paper money ; and being a pub landlord.

* " Diaries of swashbuckling hero who rescued Robinson Crusoe unearthed ", from Telegraph. co. uk, 5 January 2009.

The extent and particulars of Defoe's writing in the period from the Tory fall in 1714 to the publication of Robinson Crusoe in 1719 is widely contested.

On Robinson Crusoe, grasslands predominate from 0 to 100 meters ; introduced shrubs from 100 to 300 meters ; tall forests from 300 to 500 meters ; montane forests from 500 to 700 meters, with dense tree cover of Cuminia fernandezia, Fagara, and Rhaphithamnus venustus ; tree fern forests from 700 to 750 meters, and brushwood forests above 750 meters.

Introduced fauna by humans include rats and goats, which castaway Alexander Selkirk survived on during his four year stay from 1705 to 1709 ; his travails provided the inspiration for Daniel Defoe's novel Robinson Crusoe.

* February 2 – Alexander Selkirk is rescued from shipwreck on a desert island, inspiring the book Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe.

Crusoe ( the family name corrupted from the German name " Kreutznaer ") sets sail from the Queen's Dock in Hull on a sea voyage in August 1651, against his parents ' wishes, who want him to pursue a career, possibly in law.

Years later, Crusoe joins an expedition to bring slaves from Africa but he is shipwrecked in a storm about forty miles out to sea on an island ( which he calls the Island of Despair ) near the mouth of the Orinoco river on September 30, 1659.

Plaque in Queen's Gardens, Hull – the former Queen's Dock from which Crusoe sailed – showing him on his island

However, Robinson Crusoe is far from a copy of Woodes Rogers ' account: Selkirk was marooned at his own request, while Crusoe was shipwrecked ; the islands are different ; Selkirk lived alone for the whole time, while Crusoe found companions ; while Selkirk stayed on his island for four years, not twenty-eight.

Crusoe standing over Man Friday | Friday after he frees him from the cannibals.

Crusoe represents the ' enlightened ' European whilst Friday is the ' savage ' who can only be redeemed from his barbarous way of life through assimilation into Crusoe's culture.

" Crusoe " may have been taken from Timothy Cruso, a classmate of Defoe's who had written guide books, including God the Guide of Youth ( 1695 ), before dying at an early age – just eight years before Defoe wrote Robinson Crusoe.

The classical treatment of the Crusoe economy has been discussed and criticised from a variety of perspectives.

The Crusoe model has also been assessed from the perspectives of feminism.

Robinson Crusoe usually referred to his servant as " my man Friday ", from which the term " Man Friday " ( or " Girl Friday ") originated.

The book's epigraph is a quote from Robinson Crusoe, and like Crusoe, Adam Pollo suffers long periods of loneliness.

This journey, too, ends in disaster as the ship is taken over by Salé pirates ( the Salé Rovers ) and Crusoe is enslaved by a Moor.

Crusoe and the ship's captain strike a deal in which Crusoe helps the captain and the loyal sailors retake the ship and leave the worst mutineers on the island.

At the beginning of 1693, Crusoe made his nephew the commander of a ship.

Around the beginning of January 1694, Crusoe and Friday went on board this ship in the Downs on the 8th, then arrived at Crusoe's Island via Ireland.

Robinson Crusoe on Mars is the story of the survivor of a space ship crash on the planet Mars.

Crusoe begins to acclimate himself to the island while hoping for a passing European ship.

One day a ship finally appears, but Crusoe notices it too late to be rescued.

Just as Friday is about to kill Crusoe ( after Crusoe tells Friday to take his life and be free ), a slaver ship arrives and kills Friday before enslaving his tribe and razing their village.

In October 1704, after the ships had parted ways because of a dispute between Stradling and Dampier, the Cinque Ports was brought by Stradling to an island that is today known as Robinson Crusoe Island in the uninhabited archipelago of Juan Fernández off the coast of Chile for a mid-expedition restocking of supplies and fresh water.

* 1709 – Alexander Selkirk is rescued after being shipwrecked on a desert island, inspiring the book Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe.

The Juan Fernández Islands ( Spanish: Archipiélago Juan Fernández ) are a sparsely inhabited island group reliant on tourism and fishing in the South Pacific Ocean, situated about off the coast of Chile, and is composed of three main volcanic islands ; Robinson Crusoe Island, Alejandro Selkirk Island and Santa Clara Island, the first two being formerly called Más Adentro and Más Afuera respectively.

The population is 633 ( all on Robinson Crusoe ); of those 598 reside in the capital, San Juan Bautista, on Cumberland Bay on the north coast of the island ( 2002 census ).

Robinson Crusoe is the largest of the islands, at and the highest peak, El Yunque, is.

Radiometric dating indicates that Santa Clara is the oldest of the islands, 5. 8 million years old, followed by Robinson Crusoe, 3. 8 – 4. 2 million years old, and Alexander Selkirk, 1. 0 – 2. 4 million years old.

Rainfall is higher in the winter months, and varies with elevation and exposure ; elevations above 500 meters experience almost daily rainfall, while the western, leeward side of Robinson Crusoe and Santa Clara are quite dry.

Robinson Crusoe Island is home to an endemic and endangered hummingbird, the Juan Fernández Firecrown ( Sephanoides fernandensis ).

" However, In proposing the thought experiment involving the fictional character, Robinson Crusoe, a captain shipwrecked on a desolate island with no other inhabitant, Wittgenstein shows that language is not in all cases a social phenomenon ( although, they are for most case ); instead the criterion for a language is grounded in a set of interrelated normative activities: teaching, explanations, techniques and criteria of correctness.

Robinson Crusoe is a novel by Daniel Defoe that was first published in 1719.

Although commonly referred to as simply Robinson Crusoe, the book ’ s complete, original title as it appears on the title page of the first edition is The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, of York, Mariner: Who lived Eight and Twenty Years, all alone in an un-inhabited Island on the Coast of America, near the Mouth of the Great River of Oroonoque ; Having been cast on Shore by Shipwreck, wherein all the Men perished but himself.

One is Friday's father and the other is a Spaniard, who informs Crusoe about other Spaniards shipwrecked on the mainland.

It was intended to be the last part of his stories, according to the original title-page of its first edition but a third part, Serious Reflections During the Life & Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, With His Vision of the Angelic World, was added later ; it is a mostly forgotten series of moral essays with Crusoe's name attached to give interest.

Defoe's immediate inspiration for Crusoe is usually thought to be a Scottish sailor named Alexander Selkirk, who was rescued in 1709 by Woodes Rogers ' expedition after four years on the uninhabited island of Más a Tierra in the Juan Fernández Islands off the Chilean coast.