The split had been so bitter on a personal level, though, with attacks on Peel by protectionist conservatives such as Lord George Bentinck and Benjamin Disraeli, that the Conservative Party was unable to reconcile the Peelites, even after the Conservatives officially abandoned protection in 1852.

A Conservative minority government led by the Earl of Derby and Benjamin Disraeli took office and introduced the Reform Act 1867 which almost doubled the electorate, giving the vote even to working men.

Haydon, John Constable, Ralph Waldo Emerson, the Rossettis, Benjamin Disraeli, Charlotte Brontë and John Ruskin – a persistent critic who, even so, admitted Martin's uniqueness of vision.

" However, the character was seen as a reflection on Smith and even Disraeli was overheard to refer to his First Lord as " Pinafore Smith ".

His moralism often angered his upper-class opponents ( including Queen Victoria, who strongly favoured Disraeli ), and his heavy-handed control split the Liberal party.

Disraeli, favoured by the queen, was a gregarious Tory.

Astor did occasionally meet with Nazi officials in keeping with Neville Chamberlain's policies, and it is true that she distrusted and disliked British Foreign Secretary ( later Prime Minister ) Anthony Eden, stating that the more she saw of him the " more certain " she was that he would " never be a Disraeli ".

The end of 1845 and the first months of 1846 were dominated by a battle in parliament between the free traders and the protectionists over the repeal of the Corn Laws, with the latter rallying around Disraeli and Lord George Bentinck.

The Peelites, however, refused to serve under Stanley or with Disraeli so long as the question of free trade remained unsettled, and attempts to form a purely protectionist government failed.

When Disraeli resigned office in 1868 Lowry-Corry declined various offers of public employment in order to be free to continue his services, now given gratuitously, to the Conservative leader ; and when the latter returned to power in 1874, Corry resumed his position as official private secretary to the prime minister.

Disraeli was hostile to free trade and preferred aristocratic paternalism as well as promoting imperialism.

Given that, it seems likely that Disraeli chose the time period in order to move a final time in the world in which he grew up and began his ascent.

In order to survive, the British Empire, under the leadership of Queen Victoria and Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli, employed the Royal Navy and dozens of civilian ships to evacuate the population of the British Isles to its colonies in India, Australasia, and South Africa over the next several years.

" If the remainder of the Conservative Party could muster the electoral support necessary to form a government, then Disraeli was now guaranteed high office.

Disraeli drummed up support by warnings of a supposed Russian threat to India that sank deep into the Conservative mindset.

In 1868 he had to give up his seat in Parliament, despite having the support of both Benjamin Disraeli and William Ewart Gladstone.

When the Cabinet met on 16 February 1867, Disraeli voiced his support for some extension of the suffrage, providing statistics amassed by Robert Dudley Baxter, showing that 330, 000 people would be given the vote and all except 60, 000 would be granted extra votes.

British public reaction was generally one of dismay, fuelled by the public prints, but the government of Benjamin Disraeli continued its policy of support for the Ottoman Empire, an ally in the Crimean War and a bulwark against possible Russian expansion in the area.

But just as Catholic Emancipation was brought about by a Tory Prime Minister in 1829, or substantial voting reforms brought about by Disraeli and the Conservatives, thus winning support from a crucial minority of those originally opposed to either, the support of a prominent hardline Protestant leader for Catholic Emancipation might have made all the difference to Irish history.

His father groomed him for a career in law, and Disraeli was articled to a solicitor in 1821.

In the course of 1825, Disraeli wrote three anonymous pamphlets for Powles, promoting the companies.

Before he entered parliament, Disraeli was involved with several women, most notably Henrietta, Lady Sykes ( the wife of Sir Francis Sykes, 3rd Bt ), who served as the model for Henrietta Temple.

As Lord Blake observed: " The true relationship between the three cannot be determined with certainty ... there can be no doubt that the affair usage damaged Disraeli and that it made its contribution, along with many other episodes, to the understandable aura of distrust which hung around his name for so many years.

Disraeli turned towards literature after his financial disaster, motivated in part by a desperate need for money, and brought out his first novel, Vivian Grey, in 1826.

One contemporary who tried to bridge the gap, William Makepeace Thackeray, established a tentative cordial relationship in the late 1840s only to see everything collapse when Disraeli took offence at a burlesque of him which Thackeray penned for Punch.

Disraeli had been considering a political career as early as 1830, before he departed England for the Mediterranean.

Though he initially stood for election, unsuccessfully, as a Radical, Disraeli was a Tory by the time he won a seat in the House of Commons in 1837 representing the constituency of Maidstone.

Although a Conservative, Disraeli was sympathetic to some of the demands of the Chartists and argued for an alliance between the landed aristocracy and the working class against the increasing power of the merchants and new industrialists in the middle class, helping to found the Young England group in 1842 to promote the view that the landed interests should use their power to protect the poor from exploitation by middle-class businessmen.

Although Disraeli forged a personal friendship with John Bright, a Lancashire manufacturer and leading Radical, Disraeli was unable to convince Bright to sacrifice principle for political gain.

Bentinck, then still Conservative leader in the Commons, joined Disraeli in speaking and voting for the bill, although his own speech was a standard one of toleration.

The first opportunity for the protectionist Tories under Disraeli and Stanley to take office came in 1851, when Lord John Russell's government was defeated in the House of Commons over the Ecclesiastical Titles Act 1851.

Disraeli sought to alleviate this disadvantage by differentially raising income tax rates against non-farmers and lowering income taxes for the farmers.

This, Disraeli felt, would allow the landed aristocracy to continue collecting the same rent and would compensate the farmers for their lost income.

Since that time, no consensus had yet been reached, and Disraeli was criticised for mixing up details over the different " schedules " of income.

With Gladstone's refusal Derby and Disraeli looked elsewhere and settled on Disraeli's old friend Edward Bulwer-Lytton, who became Secretary of State for the Colonies ; Derby's son Lord Stanley, succeeded Ellenborough at the Board of Control.

New Crowns for Old depicts Disraeli as Abanazer from the pantomime version of Aladdin offering Queen Victoria | Victoria an imperial crown in exchange for a royal one. Disraeli cultivated a public image of himself as an Imperialist with grand gestures such as conferring on Queen Victoria the title “ Empress of India ”.

Although born of Jewish parents, Disraeli was baptised in the Christian faith at the age of twelve, and remained an observant Anglican for the rest of his life.

Although nominally a Conservative, Disraeli was sympathetic to some of the demands of the Chartists and argued for an alliance between the landed aristocracy and the working class against the increasing power of the middle class, helping to found the Young England group in 1842 to promote the view that the rich should use their power to protect the poor from exploitation by the middle class.

In 1858 he entered Lord Derby's government as Secretary of State for the Colonies, thus serving alongside his old friend Disraeli.

Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield, KG, PC, FRS, ( 21 December 1804 – 19 April 1881 ) was a British Prime Minister, parliamentarian, Conservative statesman and literary figure.

An alliance of pro free-trade Conservatives ( the " Peelites "), Radicals, and Whigs carried repeal, and the Conservative Party split: the Peelites moved towards the Whigs, while a " new " Conservative Party formed around the protectionists, led by Disraeli, Bentinck, and Lord Stanley ( later Lord Derby ).

Because of the split in the Conservative Party and because of Disraeli's unpopularity, arising from the budget fight of 1852, which is outlined above, no Conservative reconciliation remained possible so long as Disraeli remained leader in the House of Commons.

This act was unpopular with the right wing of the Conservative Party, most notably Lord Cranborne ( later the Marquess of Salisbury ), who resigned from the government and spoke against the bill, accusing Disraeli of " a political betrayal which has no parallel in our Parliamentary annals.

After six years in opposition, Disraeli and the Conservative Party won the election of 1874, giving the party its first absolute majority in the House of Commons since the 1840s.

The Conservative prime minister, Benjamin Disraeli, rejected classical liberalism altogether and advocated Tory Democracy.

These visits enabled him to meet and take the measure of his adversaries Napoleon III, and the British Prime Minister Palmerston and Foreign Secretary Earl Russell, and also of the British Conservative politician Disraeli, later to be Prime Minister in the 1870s – who later claimed to have said of Bismarck's visit " Be careful of that man – he means every word he says ".

Disraeli, who expanded the Empire to protect British interests abroad, cultivated the image of himself ( and the Conservative Party ) as " Imperialist ", making grand gestures such as conferring the title " Empress of India " on Queen Victoria in 1876.

Benjamin Disraeli ( 1804 – 1881 ), prime minister 1868 and 1874-80, remains an iconic hero of the Conservative Party.

Gladstone is famous for his oratory, for his rivalry with the Conservative Leader Benjamin Disraeli and his poor relations with Queen Victoria, who once complained, " He always addresses me as if I were a public meeting.

The new Conservative Government, led by Benjamin Disraeli, passed a bill to postpone the coming-into-force of the bill until 1875.

Disraeli became overall Conservative leader during 1868, although, when Prime Minister, he did not attempt to reintroduce protectionism.

He had previously joined the Conservative Party and served under Benjamin Disraeli and Lord Salisbury as Under-Secretary of State for War.

In the phrase " One-nation Tory " of " one-nation Toryism " it originated with Benjamin Disraeli ( 1804-1881 ), who served as the chief Conservative spokesman and Prime Minister after 1852.

David Cameron, leader of the Conservative Party, named Disraeli as his favourite Conservative and some commentators and MPs have suggested that Cameron's ideology contains an element of one nationism.

One nation conservatism was first conceived by the Conservative British Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli, who presented his political philosophy in two novels – Sybil, Or The Two Nations ( 1845 ) and Coningsby – published in 1845 and 1844 respectively.